Geochemical Characteristics and Depositional Environment Implications of Sedimentary Rocks in the Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2019.04.18

Abstract

Abstract:

Geochemical characteristics of sediments can reflect the depositional environment. In order to study its paleoclimate, redox conditions, and paleosalinity in the deposition period of the Yanchang Formation, geochemical (major, trace and rare earth elements (REEs)) characteristics of 15 sandstone and shale samples from the Chang 7 Member of the Yanchang Formation in the southeastern Ordos Basin were studied. The Al₂O₃/SiO₂ and K₂O/Na₂O values of fine-grained sedimentary rocks in the Chang 7 Member indicate similar compositional maturity and high clay contents. The average ∑REE value (132.65×10^-6) is significantly lower than that of the NASC and the UCC. The rocks also display relatively high LREE contents, weakly positive Eu and no Ce anomalies. The “C value”, Sr/Cu, Rb/Sr, Mg/Ca indices suggest that the entire deposition period of the Yanchang Formation was in a warm humid climate. Samples in the study area are rich in certain trace elements, such as U, Sc and Cs (average 20.11×10 ^-6, 9.66×10^-6 and 6.08×10^-6, respectively). This result and the values of V, δU, Th/U, V/Cr, V/Sc and V/(V+Ni) altogether indicate that the deposition period of the Yanchang Formation was dominated by a reducing, strongly stratified subsurface water layer. The values of Li, Sr, Ni, Ga, Sr/Ba, CaO/(CaO+Fe) and (MgO/Al₂O₃)×100 indicate that the water body of the deposition comprised mainly freshwater-brackish water.

Key words: Ordos Basin, Triassic, Yanchang Formation, geochemical characteristic, depositional environment

CLC Number:

MA Huanhuan, LIU Chiyang, ZHANG Long, ZHANG Dongdong, WANG Wenqing, ZHAO Yan, GAO Ming, QUAN Xiaoyuan. Geochemical Characteristics and Depositional Environment Implications of Sedimentary Rocks in the Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(04): 872-882.

Figures/Tables 9

References 70

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样品编号	SiO₂	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	TFe₂O₃	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	MgO	MnO	P₂O₅	Mg/Ca	烧失量	总量	(MgO/Al₂O₃)×100
BWZ-32	砂岩	61.24	0.57	14.25	3.61	1.96	2.27	1.12	0.13	0.02	1.20	0.13	14.50	99.8
BWZ-33	页岩	39.18	0.38	12.82	10.21	0.60	0.59	3.26	0.86	0.03	1.20	0.26	31.96	100.2
BWZ-35	砂岩	65.40	0.14	9.25	2.51	1.02	1.96	1.17	0.09	0.03	0.07	0.12	18.45	100.1
BWZ-37	页岩	30.74	0.36	8.89	11.52	0.61	0.46	2.05	0.69	0.04	0.95	0.19	44.62	100.2
BWZ-39	砂岩	59.27	0.50	15.26	4.03	2.07	0.80	4.20	1.78	0.09	0.72	0.20	11.40	99.6
BWZ-40	页岩	55.95	0.35	9.67	5.28	0.56	0.68	2.11	0.72	0.02	1.08	0.23	24.43	100.0
BWZ-41	页岩	43.70	0.34	10.09	7.44	0.36	0.56	2.29	0.72	0.03	1.66	0.16	34.42	100.1
BWZ-42	页岩	31.97	0.30	8.36	10.72	0.34	0.45	1.93	0.57	0.02	1.43	0.17	45.71	100.6
BWZ-43	页岩	36.66	0.31	9.44	9.96	0.37	0.39	2.28	0.58	0.02	1.32	0.15	39.91	100.1
BWZ-46	页岩	48.43	0.49	15.59	4.35	1.08	0.66	4.22	0.61	0.01	0.48	0.17	24.15	99.8
BWZ-50	页岩	32.02	0.38	10.72	12.93	1.04	0.80	2.31	0.74	0.04	0.60	0.53	38.28	99.8
BWZ-61	砂岩	58.26	0.56	13.18	4.94	3.93	2.38	2.94	2.54	0.24	0.54	0.19	9.60	98.8
BWZ-62	砂岩	61.55	0.53	13.18	4.08	3.80	2.62	3.04	2.10	0.08	0.46	0.18	9.02	100.2
UCC		39.18	0.38	12.82	10.21	0.60	0.59	3.26	0.86	0.03	0.37	0.26	31.96	100.2

样品编号	SiO₂	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	TFe₂O₃	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	MgO	MnO	P₂O₅	Mg/Ca	烧失量	总量	(MgO/Al₂O₃)×100
BWZ-32	砂岩	61.24	0.57	14.25	3.61	1.96	2.27	1.12	0.13	0.02	1.20	0.13	14.50	99.8
BWZ-33	页岩	39.18	0.38	12.82	10.21	0.60	0.59	3.26	0.86	0.03	1.20	0.26	31.96	100.2
BWZ-35	砂岩	65.40	0.14	9.25	2.51	1.02	1.96	1.17	0.09	0.03	0.07	0.12	18.45	100.1
BWZ-37	页岩	30.74	0.36	8.89	11.52	0.61	0.46	2.05	0.69	0.04	0.95	0.19	44.62	100.2
BWZ-39	砂岩	59.27	0.50	15.26	4.03	2.07	0.80	4.20	1.78	0.09	0.72	0.20	11.40	99.6
BWZ-40	页岩	55.95	0.35	9.67	5.28	0.56	0.68	2.11	0.72	0.02	1.08	0.23	24.43	100.0
BWZ-41	页岩	43.70	0.34	10.09	7.44	0.36	0.56	2.29	0.72	0.03	1.66	0.16	34.42	100.1
BWZ-42	页岩	31.97	0.30	8.36	10.72	0.34	0.45	1.93	0.57	0.02	1.43	0.17	45.71	100.6
BWZ-43	页岩	36.66	0.31	9.44	9.96	0.37	0.39	2.28	0.58	0.02	1.32	0.15	39.91	100.1
BWZ-46	页岩	48.43	0.49	15.59	4.35	1.08	0.66	4.22	0.61	0.01	0.48	0.17	24.15	99.8
BWZ-50	页岩	32.02	0.38	10.72	12.93	1.04	0.80	2.31	0.74	0.04	0.60	0.53	38.28	99.8
BWZ-61	砂岩	58.26	0.56	13.18	4.94	3.93	2.38	2.94	2.54	0.24	0.54	0.19	9.60	98.8
BWZ-62	砂岩	61.55	0.53	13.18	4.08	3.80	2.62	3.04	2.10	0.08	0.46	0.18	9.02	100.2
UCC		39.18	0.38	12.82	10.21	0.60	0.59	3.26	0.86	0.03	0.37	0.26	31.96	100.2

样品编号	岩性	Li	Sc	V	Cr	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn	Rb	Sr	Y	Zr	Nb	Cs	Ba
BWZ-32	砂岩	57.70	4.80	38.00	4.00	8.80	5.50	16.70	34.00	35.60	184.50	12.80	180.00	14.60	2.75	877.00
BWZ-33	页岩	35.42	11.23	221.64	57.73	16.34	27.99	83.37	48.32	141.96	111.19	18.97	78.67	7.82	7.72	451.02
BWZ-35	砂岩	23.00	3.30	36.00	9.00	3.40	8.40	24.90	34.00	49.70	93.00	25.50	116.00	9.20	12.30	442.00
BWZ-37	页岩	36.67	9.91	243.31	66.22	16.75	42.01	190.15	44.18	99.88	88.99	14.91	73.60	6.50	6.02	434.57
BWZ-39	砂岩	22.00	10.10	79.00	49.00	12.00	21.20	44.80	88.00	150.50	138.50	22.60	100.00	11.10	5.88	697.00
BWZ-40	页岩	45.59	9.96	156.55	56.94	12.68	26.50	66.58	45.17	98.11	95.79	14.15	81.32	7.74	5.63	328.62
BWZ-41	页岩	33.51	10.36	202.09	66.75	17.89	34.21	81.40	51.11	107.24	89.34	14.33	71.04	7.78	5.80	344.39
BWZ-42	页岩	33.22	9.65	239.63	58.03	16.29	35.18	89.06	47.52	96.02	78.75	12.56	67.66	6.48	4.96	306.16
BWZ-43	页岩	34.03	11.01	238.67	64.77	14.43	30.56	87.78	32.99	112.89	92.65	12.33	70.34	6.44	5.83	324.52
BWZ-46	页岩	37.85	13.27	172.09	53.00	3.23	8.90	32.27	19.11	160.04	144.50	17.13	112.33	8.62	7.32	1 057.94
BWZ-50	页岩	39.32	14.13	261.97	64.37	16.32	36.01	120.58	54.93	106.69	175.37	24.74	80.85	7.19	7.40	557.80
BWZ-61	砂岩	22.50	10.20	93.00	47.00	8.40	16.20	30.30	94.00	113.00	344.00	20.70	158.00	11.30	4.06	673.00
BWZ-62	砂岩	21.30	7.60	65.00	45.00	5.10	13.40	15.80	63.00	105.00	307.00	17.40	225.00	11.40	3.32	756.00
UCC		20.00	11.00	60.00	35.00	10.00	20.00	25.00	71.00	112.00	350.00	22.00	190.00	25.00	3.70	550.00
样品编号	岩性	Hf	Ta	Th	U	Mo	V/Cr	U/ Th	Th/ U	δU	V/ (V+Ni)	Sr/ Ba	V/ Sc	Sr/ Cu	Rb/ Sr	Mg/ Ga
BWZ-32	砂岩	57.70	4.80	38.00	4.00	8.80	5.50	34.00	3.31	35.60	184.50	12.80	180.00	14.60	2.75	0.06
BWZ-33	页岩	35.42	11.23	221.64	57.73	16.34	27.99	48.32	0.29	141.96	111.19	18.97	78.67	7.82	7.72	1.20
BWZ-35	砂岩	23.00	3.30	36.00	9.00	3.40	8.40	34.00	0.98	49.70	93.00	25.50	116.00	9.20	12.30	0.07
BWZ-37	页岩	36.67	9.91	243.31	66.22	16.75	42.01	44.18	0.18	99.88	88.99	14.91	73.60	6.50	6.02	0.95
BWZ-39	砂岩	22.00	10.10	79.00	49.00	12.00	21.20	88.00	2.49	150.50	138.50	22.60	100.00	11.10	5.88	0.72
BWZ-40	页岩	45.59	9.96	156.55	56.94	12.68	26.50	45.17	0.43	98.11	95.79	14.15	81.32	7.74	5.63	1.08
BWZ-41	页岩	33.51	10.36	202.09	66.75	17.89	34.21	51.11	0.30	107.24	89.34	14.33	71.04	7.78	5.80	1.66
BWZ-42	页岩	33.22	9.65	239.63	58.03	16.29	35.18	47.52	0.31	96.02	78.75	12.56	67.66	6.48	4.96	1.43
BWZ-43	页岩	34.03	11.01	238.67	64.77	14.43	30.56	32.99	0.39	112.89	92.65	12.33	70.34	6.44	5.83	1.32
BWZ-46	页岩	37.85	13.27	172.09	53.00	3.23	8.90	19.11	0.46	160.04	144.50	17.13	112.33	8.62	7.32	0.48
BWZ-50	页岩	39.32	14.13	261.97	64.37	16.32	36.01	54.93	0.19	106.69	175.37	24.74	80.85	7.19	7.40	0.60
BWZ-61	砂岩	22.50	10.20	93.00	47.00	8.40	16.20	94.00	2.67	113.00	344.00	20.70	158.00	11.30	4.06	0.54
BWZ-62	砂岩	21.30	7.60	65.00	45.00	5.10	13.40	63.00	4.15	105.00	307.00	17.40	225.00	11.40	3.32	0.46
UCC		20.00	11.00	60.00	35.00	10.00	20.00	71.00	3.82	112.00	350.00	22.00	190.00	25.00	3.70	0.37

样品编号	岩性	Li	Sc	V	Cr	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn	Rb	Sr	Y	Zr	Nb	Cs	Ba
BWZ-32	砂岩	57.70	4.80	38.00	4.00	8.80	5.50	16.70	34.00	35.60	184.50	12.80	180.00	14.60	2.75	877.00
BWZ-33	页岩	35.42	11.23	221.64	57.73	16.34	27.99	83.37	48.32	141.96	111.19	18.97	78.67	7.82	7.72	451.02
BWZ-35	砂岩	23.00	3.30	36.00	9.00	3.40	8.40	24.90	34.00	49.70	93.00	25.50	116.00	9.20	12.30	442.00
BWZ-37	页岩	36.67	9.91	243.31	66.22	16.75	42.01	190.15	44.18	99.88	88.99	14.91	73.60	6.50	6.02	434.57
BWZ-39	砂岩	22.00	10.10	79.00	49.00	12.00	21.20	44.80	88.00	150.50	138.50	22.60	100.00	11.10	5.88	697.00
BWZ-40	页岩	45.59	9.96	156.55	56.94	12.68	26.50	66.58	45.17	98.11	95.79	14.15	81.32	7.74	5.63	328.62
BWZ-41	页岩	33.51	10.36	202.09	66.75	17.89	34.21	81.40	51.11	107.24	89.34	14.33	71.04	7.78	5.80	344.39
BWZ-42	页岩	33.22	9.65	239.63	58.03	16.29	35.18	89.06	47.52	96.02	78.75	12.56	67.66	6.48	4.96	306.16
BWZ-43	页岩	34.03	11.01	238.67	64.77	14.43	30.56	87.78	32.99	112.89	92.65	12.33	70.34	6.44	5.83	324.52
BWZ-46	页岩	37.85	13.27	172.09	53.00	3.23	8.90	32.27	19.11	160.04	144.50	17.13	112.33	8.62	7.32	1 057.94
BWZ-50	页岩	39.32	14.13	261.97	64.37	16.32	36.01	120.58	54.93	106.69	175.37	24.74	80.85	7.19	7.40	557.80
BWZ-61	砂岩	22.50	10.20	93.00	47.00	8.40	16.20	30.30	94.00	113.00	344.00	20.70	158.00	11.30	4.06	673.00
BWZ-62	砂岩	21.30	7.60	65.00	45.00	5.10	13.40	15.80	63.00	105.00	307.00	17.40	225.00	11.40	3.32	756.00
UCC		20.00	11.00	60.00	35.00	10.00	20.00	25.00	71.00	112.00	350.00	22.00	190.00	25.00	3.70	550.00
样品编号	岩性	Hf	Ta	Th	U	Mo	V/Cr	U/ Th	Th/ U	δU	V/ (V+Ni)	Sr/ Ba	V/ Sc	Sr/ Cu	Rb/ Sr	Mg/ Ga
BWZ-32	砂岩	57.70	4.80	38.00	4.00	8.80	5.50	34.00	3.31	35.60	184.50	12.80	180.00	14.60	2.75	0.06
BWZ-33	页岩	35.42	11.23	221.64	57.73	16.34	27.99	48.32	0.29	141.96	111.19	18.97	78.67	7.82	7.72	1.20
BWZ-35	砂岩	23.00	3.30	36.00	9.00	3.40	8.40	34.00	0.98	49.70	93.00	25.50	116.00	9.20	12.30	0.07
BWZ-37	页岩	36.67	9.91	243.31	66.22	16.75	42.01	44.18	0.18	99.88	88.99	14.91	73.60	6.50	6.02	0.95
BWZ-39	砂岩	22.00	10.10	79.00	49.00	12.00	21.20	88.00	2.49	150.50	138.50	22.60	100.00	11.10	5.88	0.72
BWZ-40	页岩	45.59	9.96	156.55	56.94	12.68	26.50	45.17	0.43	98.11	95.79	14.15	81.32	7.74	5.63	1.08
BWZ-41	页岩	33.51	10.36	202.09	66.75	17.89	34.21	51.11	0.30	107.24	89.34	14.33	71.04	7.78	5.80	1.66
BWZ-42	页岩	33.22	9.65	239.63	58.03	16.29	35.18	47.52	0.31	96.02	78.75	12.56	67.66	6.48	4.96	1.43
BWZ-43	页岩	34.03	11.01	238.67	64.77	14.43	30.56	32.99	0.39	112.89	92.65	12.33	70.34	6.44	5.83	1.32
BWZ-46	页岩	37.85	13.27	172.09	53.00	3.23	8.90	19.11	0.46	160.04	144.50	17.13	112.33	8.62	7.32	0.48
BWZ-50	页岩	39.32	14.13	261.97	64.37	16.32	36.01	54.93	0.19	106.69	175.37	24.74	80.85	7.19	7.40	0.60
BWZ-61	砂岩	22.50	10.20	93.00	47.00	8.40	16.20	94.00	2.67	113.00	344.00	20.70	158.00	11.30	4.06	0.54
BWZ-62	砂岩	21.30	7.60	65.00	45.00	5.10	13.40	63.00	4.15	105.00	307.00	17.40	225.00	11.40	3.32	0.46
UCC		20.00	11.00	60.00	35.00	10.00	20.00	71.00	3.82	112.00	350.00	22.00	190.00	25.00	3.70	0.37

样品编号	岩性	La	Ce		Pr		Nd		Sm	Eu	Gd		Tb		Dy	Ho		Er		Tm		Yb	Lu
BWZ-32	砂岩	28.70	52.60		5.52		17.70		2.83	0.78	2.28		0.38		2.08	0.48		1.21		0.21		1.57	0.28
BWZ-33	页岩	28.51	54.11		5.52		20.73		4.05	0.75	3.52		0.56		2.71	0.61		1.59		0.23		1.55	0.25
BWZ-35	砂岩	29.60	60.60		6.73		23.60		4.62	0.62	4.34		0.68		4.31	0.97		2.77		0.42		2.69	0.43
BWZ-37	页岩	26.19	43.61		4.74		16.78		3.49	0.68	3.02		0.44		2.33	0.45		1.27		0.19		1.29	0.17
BWZ-39	砂岩	30.60	61.00		7.09		25.30		5.18	1.11	4.79		0.75		4.00	0.81		2.28		0.34		2.07	0.35
BWZ-40	页岩	24.86	45.81		4.34		17.07		3.18	0.61	2.53		0.42		2.20	0.44		1.20		0.20		1.28	0.17
BWZ-41	页岩	25.70	48.52		4.73		19.47		3.47	0.72	3.07		0.46		2.21	0.43		1.26		0.20		1.28	0.17
BWZ-42	页岩	22.44	42.14		4.04		15.42		3.12	0.55	2.37		0.38		1.85	0.37		1.07		0.17		1.09	0.16
BWZ-43	页岩	24.97	45.85		4.51		16.57		2.80	0.53	2.23		0.37		1.75	0.35		1.03		0.15		1.12	0.15
BWZ-46	页岩	26.82	50.51		4.90		18.47		3.26	0.66	2.56		0.44		2.20	0.51		1.43		0.25		1.73	0.25
BWZ-50	页岩	28.71	53.07		5.66		21.98		4.40	0.88	3.84		0.58		3.45	0.71		1.96		0.31		2.06	0.28
BWZ-61	砂岩	37.40	77.30		8.49		31.20		5.45	1.17	4.56		0.65		3.62	0.76		2.05		0.30		1.94	0.32
BWZ-62	砂岩	39.30	78.80		8.88		31.20		5.38	1.18	4.25		0.61		3.29	0.66		1.75		0.25		1.59	0.26
UCC		30.00	64.00		7.10		26.00		4.50	0.88	3.80		0.64		3.50	0.80		2.30		0.33		2.20	0.32
样品编号	岩性	ΣREE		LREE		HREE		LREE/HREE		La/Yb		(La/Sm)_N		(Gd/Yb)_N			(La/Yb)_N		δEu		δCe			Ce/La
BWZ-32	砂岩	116.62		108.13		8.49		12.74		18.28		6.55		1.20			13.11		0.94		1.02			1.83
BWZ-33	页岩	124.68		113.67		11.01		10.32		18.44		1.06		1.32			1.35		0.93		0.98			1.90
BWZ-35	砂岩	142.38		125.77		16.61		7.57		11.00		0.63		1.11			0.60		0.45		1.03			2.05
BWZ-37	页岩	104.67		95.50		9.17		10.41		20.27		1.06		1.03			1.10		1.05		0.91			1.66
BWZ-39	砂岩	145.67		130.28		15.39		8.47		14.78		0.92		1.43			1.34		1.61		0.96			1.99
BWZ-40	页岩	104.31		95.88		8.43		11.37		19.41		1.04		0.84			0.96		1.03		1.13			1.84
BWZ-41	页岩	111.69		102.60		9.09		11.29		20.16		1.26		1.04			1.36		0.99		1.06			1.89
BWZ-42	页岩	95.17		87.70		7.46		11.75		20.59		0.92		1.10			1.06		0.94		1.00			1.88
BWZ-43	页岩	102.35		95.22		7.13		13.36		22.29		1.20		0.83			1.11		0.96		0.98			1.84
BWZ-46	页岩	113.97		104.62		9.35		11.18		15.54		1.14		0.68			0.75		1.12		0.99			1.88
BWZ-50	页岩	127.90		114.70		13.20		8.69		13.92		0.73		0.93			0.62		1.00		0.96			1.85
BWZ-61	砂岩	175.21		161.01		14.20		11.34		19.28		0.83		1.58			1.24		1.03		0.98			2.07
BWZ-62	砂岩	177.40		164.74		12.66		13.01		24.72		1.12		1.44			1.78		1.15		1.01			2.01
UCC		146.37		132.48		13.89		9.54		13.64		4.30		1.43			9.78		0.98		9.78			2.13