现代地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (05): 1321-1335.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2023.005
金霄1,2,3(), 冯艳芳1,2, 罗晓玲1,2, 温心禹4, 张所文5, 张枝焕3
收稿日期:
2022-05-28
修回日期:
2023-02-27
出版日期:
2023-10-10
发布日期:
2023-11-14
作者简介:
金 霄,男,博士,1990年出生,石油地质专业,主要从事油气地球化学研究及标准化工作。Email:jinx622109@foxmail.com。
基金资助:
JIN Xiao1,2,3(), FENG Yanfang1,2, LUO Xiaoling1,2, WEN Xinyu4, ZHANG Suowen5, ZHANG Zhihuan3
Received:
2022-05-28
Revised:
2023-02-27
Online:
2023-10-10
Published:
2023-11-14
摘要:
为了探究准噶尔盆地南缘环博格达山中二叠统富有机质泥页岩的生烃潜力,对该地区不同构造单元的烃源岩进行生烃动力学研究,并讨论不同研究结果的物理化学意义以及影响活化能分布的化学反应机理。研究结果显示,受控于加热温度,含水体系恒温裂解模拟结果侧重于揭示干酪根生油的过程,而Rock-Eval开放体系的结果反映烃源岩产生所有烃类的过程。位于博格达山东北麓的中二叠统黑色泥页岩生烃活化能主峰约为55 kcal/mol,在北麓泉子街地区的活化能主峰约为60 kcal/mol,在西部的井井子沟地区和南部柴窝堡凹陷的活化能主峰约分布在65~70 kcal/mol之间。I型有机质表现出的高热解活化能可能与高峰度的链烷烃组分相关,因为链烷烃环化所需要的活化能高于其他脱氢反应。环博格达山地区,逆冲断层下盘的深部地层存在一定规模的油气聚集。
中图分类号:
金霄, 冯艳芳, 罗晓玲, 温心禹, 张所文, 张枝焕. 准噶尔盆地南缘环博格达山中二叠统黑色泥页岩生烃动力学研究:对周边探区油气勘探启示[J]. 现代地质, 2023, 37(05): 1321-1335.
JIN Xiao, FENG Yanfang, LUO Xiaoling, WEN Xinyu, ZHANG Suowen, ZHANG Zhihuan. Kinetic and Hydrocarbon Generation of Middle Permian Black Shale Around the Bogda Mountain, Southern Junggar Basin: Implications for Petroleum Exploration[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(05): 1321-1335.
图1 准噶尔盆地南缘环博格达山钻井与野外剖面分布情况(a)和中二叠统沉积相发育情况(b)
Fig.1 Map showing distribution of drilling and field profiles around the Bogda Mountain in southern Junggar Basin (a) and Middle Permian sedimentary facies around the Bogda Mountain (b)
图2 环博格达山地区二叠系地层岩性分布特征(a)和富有机质页岩的野外照片(b)
Fig.2 Permian stratigraphic and lithologic columns around the Bogda Mountain (a) and field photograph of organic-rich shale (b)
样品编号 | 井号 | 层位 | 岩性 | TOC(%) | S1+S2(mg/g) | Ro(%) | HI(mg/g) | TS(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1-100 | 奇1 | P2p | 灰质油泥岩 | 7.48 | 69.11 | 0.80 | 905.0 | |
Q1-123 | 奇1 | P2p | 深灰色泥岩 | 5.90 | 37.67 | 0.78 | 623.0 | |
D-17 | 西锅底坑 | P2l | 黑色页岩 | 3.59 | 22.37 | 0.76 | 616.6 | 0.020 |
J-6 | 井井子沟 | P2p | 黑色页岩 | 4.26 | 8.70 | 202.2 | 0.027 | |
J-11 | 井井子沟 | P2p | 黑色页岩 | 31.99 | 194.43 | 0.62 | 605.5 | 0.044 |
J-16 | 井井子沟 | P2p | 黑色页岩 | 4.85 | 15.41 | 316.9 | 0.035 | |
Q-2 | 泉子街 | P2p | 黑色泥岩 | 5.60 | 17.51 | 291.9 | 0.051 | |
Q-6 | 泉子街 | P2p | 黑色泥岩 | 10.04 | 65.90 | 0.59 | 643.1 | 0.041 |
Q-10 | 泉子街 | P2p | 黑色泥岩 | 21.35 | 195.31 | 911.6 | 0.059 |
表1 生烃动力学与生烃模拟实验样品地球化学信息
Table 1 Geochemical information of samples for the hydrocarbon generation kinetics experiment
样品编号 | 井号 | 层位 | 岩性 | TOC(%) | S1+S2(mg/g) | Ro(%) | HI(mg/g) | TS(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1-100 | 奇1 | P2p | 灰质油泥岩 | 7.48 | 69.11 | 0.80 | 905.0 | |
Q1-123 | 奇1 | P2p | 深灰色泥岩 | 5.90 | 37.67 | 0.78 | 623.0 | |
D-17 | 西锅底坑 | P2l | 黑色页岩 | 3.59 | 22.37 | 0.76 | 616.6 | 0.020 |
J-6 | 井井子沟 | P2p | 黑色页岩 | 4.26 | 8.70 | 202.2 | 0.027 | |
J-11 | 井井子沟 | P2p | 黑色页岩 | 31.99 | 194.43 | 0.62 | 605.5 | 0.044 |
J-16 | 井井子沟 | P2p | 黑色页岩 | 4.85 | 15.41 | 316.9 | 0.035 | |
Q-2 | 泉子街 | P2p | 黑色泥岩 | 5.60 | 17.51 | 291.9 | 0.051 | |
Q-6 | 泉子街 | P2p | 黑色泥岩 | 10.04 | 65.90 | 0.59 | 643.1 | 0.041 |
Q-10 | 泉子街 | P2p | 黑色泥岩 | 21.35 | 195.31 | 911.6 | 0.059 |
时长(d) | 温度(℃) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
300 | 330 | 360 | 370 | |
1 | 13.75 | 66.28 | ||
2 | 0.83 | 7.78 | 46.07 | |
3 | 23.01 | 99.99 | ||
5 | 23.74 | 72.66 | ||
7 | 44.20 | 63.33 | 79.19 | |
9 | 4.59 | 99.68 |
表2 J-11样品各实验条件下的转化率(%)
Table 2 Transformation ratio of J-11 sample under high P-T(%)
时长(d) | 温度(℃) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
300 | 330 | 360 | 370 | |
1 | 13.75 | 66.28 | ||
2 | 0.83 | 7.78 | 46.07 | |
3 | 23.01 | 99.99 | ||
5 | 23.74 | 72.66 | ||
7 | 44.20 | 63.33 | 79.19 | |
9 | 4.59 | 99.68 |
样品编号 | Q1-100 | Q1-123 | D-17 | J-6 | J-11 | J-16 | Q-2 | Q-6 | Q-10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
井位/露头 | 奇1井 | 奇1井 | 西锅底坑 | 井井子沟 | 井井子沟 | 井井子沟 | 泉子街 | 泉子街 | 泉子街 |
HI(mg/g) | 905 | 623 | 616 | 202 | 606 | 317 | 292 | 643 | 911 |
A(s-1) | 9.00×1015 | 2.80×1015 | 2.35×1019 | 7.58×1020 | 2.32×1020 | 7.72×1018 | 4.18×1017 | 7.74×1018 | 3.62×1016 |
38(0.05) | 37(0.07) | 46(0.02) | 51(0.03) | 49(0.36) | 45(0.61) | 42(0.20) | 45(0.02) | 40(0.09) | |
40(0.05) | 38(0.27) | 47(0.02) | 52(0.01) | 51(0.35) | 46(0.10) | 43(0.13) | 46(0.10) | 41(0.13) | |
41(0.09) | 39(0.41) | 48(0.03) | 53(0.04) | 52(0.20) | 47(0.83) | 44(0.56) | 47(0.12) | 42(0.21) | |
42(0.05) | 40(0.37) | 49(0.08) | 54(0.01) | 53(0.35) | 48(0.25) | 45(0.42) | 48(0.21) | 43(0.21) | |
43(0.14) | 41(0.38) | 50(0.06) | 55(0.04) | 54(0.25) | 49(0.66) | 46(0.63) | 49(0.20) | 44(0.18) | |
44(0.06) | 42(0.42) | 51(0.12) | 56(0.05) | 55(0.46) | 51(0.82) | 47(0.57) | 50(0.22) | 45(0.40) | |
45(0.23) | 43(0.38) | 52(0.08) | 57(0.04) | 56(0.26) | 52(0.19) | 48(0.57) | 51(0.25) | 46(0.16) | |
46(0.07) | 44(0.45) | 53(0.16) | 58(0.06) | 57(0.58) | 53(0.47) | 49(0.60) | 52(0.21) | 47(0.62) | |
47(0.21) | 45(0.38) | 54(0.14) | 59(0.11) | 58(0.30) | 54(0.51) | 50(0.58) | 53(0.27) | 48(0.02) | |
48(0.28) | 46(0.28) | 55(0.25) | 60(0.06) | 59(0.88) | 55(0.65) | 51(0.69) | 54(0.27) | 49(1.18) | |
50(0.18) | 47(0.67) | 56(0.32) | 61(0.20) | 60(0.16) | 56(0.42) | 52(0.56) | 55(0.23) | 51(0.97) | |
51(1.30) | 51(0.37) | 57(0.37) | 62(0.11) | 61(1.58) | 57(1.08) | 53(1.16) | 56(0.43) | 52(1.43) | |
55(85.49) | 53(73.38) | 58(0.74) | 63(0.40) | 63(2.44) | 58(0.37) | 54(0.55) | 57(0.35) | 54(1.32) | |
57(5.05) | 54(14.16) | 59(0.64) | 64(0.14) | 64(2.18) | 59(1.59) | 55(2.02) | 58(0.66) | 55(10.29) | |
58(2.29) | 56(3.43) | 60(1.51) | 65(1.18) | 66(7.01) | 60(0.95) | 56(0.98) | 59(0.22) | 56(8.42) | |
60(1.33) | 57(0.26) | 61(2.13) | 66(0.40) | 67(4.47) | 61(3.28) | 57(2.62) | 60(2.12) | 57(15.42) | |
62(0.72) | 58(0.78) | 62(2.06) | 67(1.57) | 68(13.06) | 62(1.05) | 58(2.42) | 61(0.35) | 58(27.47) | |
Ea(kcal/mol) | 63(0.73) | 59(0.81) | 63(6.81) | 68(0.81) | 69(2.22) | 63(6.82) | 59(9.74) | 62(5.33) | 59(12.43) |
67(1.68) | 61(0.81) | 64(9.04) | 69(5.03) | 70(20.00) | 64(22.24) | 60(25.86) | 63(15.19) | 61(5.17) | |
62(0.46) | 65(22.90) | 70(27.98) | 72(18.21) | 65(25.06) | 61(22.51) | 64(31.21) | 62(1.40) | ||
65(0.67) | 66(21.32) | 71(24.50) | 73(0.07) | 66(10.95) | 62(8.48) | 65(17.50) | 63(0.78) | ||
66(0.66) | 67(14.16) | 72(16.79) | 74(5.30) | 67(6.77) | 63(4.57) | 66(8.55) | 64(2.85) | ||
69(0.13) | 68(6.18) | 73(6.50) | 75(1.27) | 68(2.38) | 64(2.03) | 67(3.41) | 65(0.22) | ||
69(3.12) | 74(4.12) | 76(2.18) | 69(2.11) | 65(1.90) | 68(2.67) | 66(2.76) | |||
70(1.72) | 75(1.86) | 77(3.04) | 70(1.40) | 66(1.33) | 69(1.55) | 69(3.75) | |||
71(1.38) | 76(1.62) | 78(0.27) | 71(0.96) | 67(0.95) | 70(1.45) | 70(0.38) | |||
72(0.77) | 77(1.14) | 79(2.98) | 72(1.14) | 68(1.28) | 71(1.08) | 73(1.63) | |||
73(0.86) | 78(0.97) | 80(0.25) | 73(0.35) | 69(0.25) | 72(0.95) | ||||
74(0.41) | 79(0.78) | 81(3.07) | 74(0.90) | 70(1.43) | 73(0.75) | ||||
75(0.65) | 80(0.39) | 84(4.14) | 75(0.41) | 72(0.78) | 74(0.96) | ||||
76(0.11) | 81(0.82) | 88(2.13) | 77(1.21) | 73(0.89) | 75(0.25) | ||||
77(0.68) | 83(0.85) | 83(3.45) | 78(2.74) | 76(1.19) | |||||
78(0.19) | 84(0.07) | 79(1.73) | |||||||
80(0.51) | 86(0.81) | ||||||||
81(0.28) | 90(0.50) | ||||||||
84(0.17) |
表3 Rock-Eval实验求算研究区中二叠统烃源岩生烃动力学参数
Table 3 Kinetic results of Middle Permian source rocks for hydrocarbon generation by Rock-Eval analysis in the study area
样品编号 | Q1-100 | Q1-123 | D-17 | J-6 | J-11 | J-16 | Q-2 | Q-6 | Q-10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
井位/露头 | 奇1井 | 奇1井 | 西锅底坑 | 井井子沟 | 井井子沟 | 井井子沟 | 泉子街 | 泉子街 | 泉子街 |
HI(mg/g) | 905 | 623 | 616 | 202 | 606 | 317 | 292 | 643 | 911 |
A(s-1) | 9.00×1015 | 2.80×1015 | 2.35×1019 | 7.58×1020 | 2.32×1020 | 7.72×1018 | 4.18×1017 | 7.74×1018 | 3.62×1016 |
38(0.05) | 37(0.07) | 46(0.02) | 51(0.03) | 49(0.36) | 45(0.61) | 42(0.20) | 45(0.02) | 40(0.09) | |
40(0.05) | 38(0.27) | 47(0.02) | 52(0.01) | 51(0.35) | 46(0.10) | 43(0.13) | 46(0.10) | 41(0.13) | |
41(0.09) | 39(0.41) | 48(0.03) | 53(0.04) | 52(0.20) | 47(0.83) | 44(0.56) | 47(0.12) | 42(0.21) | |
42(0.05) | 40(0.37) | 49(0.08) | 54(0.01) | 53(0.35) | 48(0.25) | 45(0.42) | 48(0.21) | 43(0.21) | |
43(0.14) | 41(0.38) | 50(0.06) | 55(0.04) | 54(0.25) | 49(0.66) | 46(0.63) | 49(0.20) | 44(0.18) | |
44(0.06) | 42(0.42) | 51(0.12) | 56(0.05) | 55(0.46) | 51(0.82) | 47(0.57) | 50(0.22) | 45(0.40) | |
45(0.23) | 43(0.38) | 52(0.08) | 57(0.04) | 56(0.26) | 52(0.19) | 48(0.57) | 51(0.25) | 46(0.16) | |
46(0.07) | 44(0.45) | 53(0.16) | 58(0.06) | 57(0.58) | 53(0.47) | 49(0.60) | 52(0.21) | 47(0.62) | |
47(0.21) | 45(0.38) | 54(0.14) | 59(0.11) | 58(0.30) | 54(0.51) | 50(0.58) | 53(0.27) | 48(0.02) | |
48(0.28) | 46(0.28) | 55(0.25) | 60(0.06) | 59(0.88) | 55(0.65) | 51(0.69) | 54(0.27) | 49(1.18) | |
50(0.18) | 47(0.67) | 56(0.32) | 61(0.20) | 60(0.16) | 56(0.42) | 52(0.56) | 55(0.23) | 51(0.97) | |
51(1.30) | 51(0.37) | 57(0.37) | 62(0.11) | 61(1.58) | 57(1.08) | 53(1.16) | 56(0.43) | 52(1.43) | |
55(85.49) | 53(73.38) | 58(0.74) | 63(0.40) | 63(2.44) | 58(0.37) | 54(0.55) | 57(0.35) | 54(1.32) | |
57(5.05) | 54(14.16) | 59(0.64) | 64(0.14) | 64(2.18) | 59(1.59) | 55(2.02) | 58(0.66) | 55(10.29) | |
58(2.29) | 56(3.43) | 60(1.51) | 65(1.18) | 66(7.01) | 60(0.95) | 56(0.98) | 59(0.22) | 56(8.42) | |
60(1.33) | 57(0.26) | 61(2.13) | 66(0.40) | 67(4.47) | 61(3.28) | 57(2.62) | 60(2.12) | 57(15.42) | |
62(0.72) | 58(0.78) | 62(2.06) | 67(1.57) | 68(13.06) | 62(1.05) | 58(2.42) | 61(0.35) | 58(27.47) | |
Ea(kcal/mol) | 63(0.73) | 59(0.81) | 63(6.81) | 68(0.81) | 69(2.22) | 63(6.82) | 59(9.74) | 62(5.33) | 59(12.43) |
67(1.68) | 61(0.81) | 64(9.04) | 69(5.03) | 70(20.00) | 64(22.24) | 60(25.86) | 63(15.19) | 61(5.17) | |
62(0.46) | 65(22.90) | 70(27.98) | 72(18.21) | 65(25.06) | 61(22.51) | 64(31.21) | 62(1.40) | ||
65(0.67) | 66(21.32) | 71(24.50) | 73(0.07) | 66(10.95) | 62(8.48) | 65(17.50) | 63(0.78) | ||
66(0.66) | 67(14.16) | 72(16.79) | 74(5.30) | 67(6.77) | 63(4.57) | 66(8.55) | 64(2.85) | ||
69(0.13) | 68(6.18) | 73(6.50) | 75(1.27) | 68(2.38) | 64(2.03) | 67(3.41) | 65(0.22) | ||
69(3.12) | 74(4.12) | 76(2.18) | 69(2.11) | 65(1.90) | 68(2.67) | 66(2.76) | |||
70(1.72) | 75(1.86) | 77(3.04) | 70(1.40) | 66(1.33) | 69(1.55) | 69(3.75) | |||
71(1.38) | 76(1.62) | 78(0.27) | 71(0.96) | 67(0.95) | 70(1.45) | 70(0.38) | |||
72(0.77) | 77(1.14) | 79(2.98) | 72(1.14) | 68(1.28) | 71(1.08) | 73(1.63) | |||
73(0.86) | 78(0.97) | 80(0.25) | 73(0.35) | 69(0.25) | 72(0.95) | ||||
74(0.41) | 79(0.78) | 81(3.07) | 74(0.90) | 70(1.43) | 73(0.75) | ||||
75(0.65) | 80(0.39) | 84(4.14) | 75(0.41) | 72(0.78) | 74(0.96) | ||||
76(0.11) | 81(0.82) | 88(2.13) | 77(1.21) | 73(0.89) | 75(0.25) | ||||
77(0.68) | 83(0.85) | 83(3.45) | 78(2.74) | 76(1.19) | |||||
78(0.19) | 84(0.07) | 79(1.73) | |||||||
80(0.51) | 86(0.81) | ||||||||
81(0.28) | 90(0.50) | ||||||||
84(0.17) |
图6 量子化学计算模拟有机质脱氢反应及其活化自由能垒 (a)乙烷脱氢产生带双键的乙烯;(b)正己烷脱氢产生环己烷;(c)环己烷脱氢产生带双键的环己烯;(d)两分子二苯并噻吩通过芳基—芳基键合产生二聚体
Fig.6 Simulation of dehydrogenations and their activation free energy barriers of organic matter via quantum chemical calculation (a) dehydrogenation of ethane to form C=C double bonds; (b) cyclization of n-hexane to form cyclohexane; (c) dehydrogenatioin of cyclohexane to form cyclohexene; (d) aryl-aryl coupling by use of dibenzothiophene
芴 | 菲 | 芘 | 蒄 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
芴 | 122.26 | |||
菲 | 114.70 | 115.96 | ||
芘 | 122.22 | 123.60 | 122.51 | |
蒄 | 118.00 | 119.35 | 119.16 | 122.13 |
表4 常见芳烃相互发生芳基—芳基键合所需的活化能(kcal/mol)
Table 4 Apparent activation energy for aryl-aryl coupling between different aromatic hydrocarbons(kcal/mol)
芴 | 菲 | 芘 | 蒄 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
芴 | 122.26 | |||
菲 | 114.70 | 115.96 | ||
芘 | 122.22 | 123.60 | 122.51 | |
蒄 | 118.00 | 119.35 | 119.16 | 122.13 |
图7 研究区各烃源岩在虚拟盆地中的生烃门限对比(灰色实线及区间代表Rock-Eval求算的动力学曲线,红色实线代表两种方法求算的J-11黑色页岩动力学曲线。黑色虚线为Easy%Ro值)
Fig.7 Diagram showing the comparison of hydrocarbon generation threshold of source rocks under heating rate of virtual basin (solid gray line and the shadow denote the dynamic curve calculated by Rock-Eval method; solid red line denotes the dynamic curve of J-11 black shale calculated by the two methods; black dotted line denotes the Easy%Ro value)
图8 博格达山东北缘和西部不同构造单元的埋藏史与生烃史恢复 (a)博格达山东北麓和西部地震剖面地理位置示意图,灰色地层各自代表平地泉组(P2p)和芦草沟组(P2l);(b)奇1井埋藏史与生烃史恢复结果;(c)虚拟井1的埋藏史与生烃史恢复结果;(d)虚拟井2的埋藏史与生烃史恢复结果
Fig.8 Burial history and hydrocarbon generation history recovery of different tectonic units in the northeastern and western margin of Bogda Mountain
图9 博格达山南部柴窝堡凹陷不同构造单元的埋藏史与生烃史恢复 (a)柴窝堡凹陷构造区块划分以及地层剖面分布图,灰色地层代表红雁池组(P2h)和芦草沟组(P2l);(b)达1井的埋藏史与生烃史恢复结果;(c)虚拟井3的埋藏史与生烃史恢复结果;(d)虚拟井4的埋藏史与生烃史恢复结果;e:虚拟井5的埋藏史与生烃史恢复结果
Fig.9 Burial history and hydrocarbon generation history recovery of different tectonic units in the Chaiwobu subsag, southern Bogda Mountain
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