东天山博格达地区石炭系构造-地层划分及成盆背景分析

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.043

现代地质 ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (05): 1206-1217.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.043

东天山博格达地区石炭系构造-地层划分及成盆背景分析

樊丹¹^,²(), 李涤¹^,²(), 何登发¹^,², 侯烁钦¹^,², 孙天鸽¹^,², 杨浩¹^,², 甄宇¹^,²

1.中国地质大学(北京) 能源学院,北京 100083
2.海相储层演化与油气富集机理教育部重点实验室,北京 100083

收稿日期:2022-03-01 修回日期:2022-06-30 出版日期:2022-10-10 发布日期:2022-11-03
通讯作者: 李涤
作者简介:李涤,男,副教授,1984年出生,矿产普查与勘探专业,从事盆地构造与大地构造研究。Email: lidi@cugb.edu.cn。
樊丹,女,硕士研究生,1995年出生,矿产普查与勘探专业,主要从事盆地构造研究。Email: FanDan@cugb.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42172124);国家自然科学基金项目(41702110)

Carboniferous Tectono-stratigraphic Division and Basin-forming Background in the Bogda Area, Eastern Tianshan

FAN Dan¹^,²(), LI Di¹^,²(), HE Dengfa¹^,², HOU Shuoqin¹^,², SUN Tiange¹^,², YANG Hao¹^,², ZHEN Yu¹^,²

1. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2. Key Laboratory of Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2022-03-01 Revised:2022-06-30 Online:2022-10-10 Published:2022-11-03
Contact: LI Di

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

东天山博格达地区经历了古生代长期俯冲增生与中—新生代多期陆内变形改造作用,但对于博格达山石炭纪构造属性与演化阶段等问题始终存在争议,制约了对北疆晚古生代构造格局的认识。利用博格达山露头及其两侧盆地钻井、地震资料,运用盆地构造分析思路与方法从盆-山尺度开展了石炭系地层格架及岩浆活动特征综合对比研究,划分博格达地区石炭系构造-地层单元并分析石炭纪构造背景。研究结果显示:博格达山相邻的准噶尔盆地和吐哈盆地发育下石炭统与下伏地层(C₁/AnC)不整合,而上、下石炭统之间(C₂/C₁)、二叠系与上石炭统(P/C₂)不整合在博格达山及相邻盆地普遍存在,由此将博格达地区石炭系划分为下石炭统和上石炭统2个主要构造层,揭示研究区经历了两个主要的构造演化阶段。进一步结合构造变形演化、盆地构造沉降特征及构造环境分析结果,认为博格达山石炭纪为俯冲相关伸展背景下的弧后盆地,经历了早、晚石炭世两阶段伸展裂陷作用,并在裂陷晚期均明显遭受了周缘块体碰撞拼贴事件的影响。

关键词: 石炭系, 不整合面, 构造-地层层序, 弧后裂陷盆地, 博格达地区, 天山造山带

Abstract:

The Bogda area experienced the evolution processes involving the Paleozoic subduction-accretion and Meso-Cenozoic multi-stage intracontinental deformation, but controversies remain regarding the Carboniferous tectonic attribute and evolutionary stages in the Bogda Mountain, which restricts further research on the late Paleozoic tectonic framework in North Xinjiang. Integrating the outcrop geology, borehole and seismic data from the Bogda Mountain and its adjacent basins, we carried on a comprehensive comparative study of the Carboniferous stratigraphic framework and magmatic characteristics in a basin-orogen scale by the basin analysis theory and method. Accordingly, we divided the Carboniferous tectonic-stratigraphic units in the Bogda area and analyzed the Carboniferous tectonic setting. Our results show that the unconformity between the Lower Carboniferous and pre-Carboniferous strata (C₁/AnC) are present in the Junggar Basin and Tuha Basin adjacent to the Bogda Mountain, while the unconformities, including the Upper and Lower Carboniferous (C₂/C₁), and Permian and Upper Carboniferous (P/C₂) ones, are commonly developed in the Bogda Mountain and its adjacent basins. Thus, the Carboniferous strata in the Bogda area are subdivided into two tectono-stratigraphic units, i.e., Lower Carboniferous and Upper Carboniferous, which reveals that the study area has undergone two major tectonic evolutionary stages. Combining the structural deformation evolution, basinal subsidence characteristics and tectonic setting, we suggested that the Carboniferous Bogda represents a back-arc basin in the subduction-related extension regime, which underwent two stages of rifting. The peripheral collisional events may have caused the later tectonic inversion for both rift basins during the late period.

Key words: Carboniferous, unconformity, tectono-stratigraphic sequence, back-arc rift basin, Bogda area, Tianshan Orogenic Belt

中图分类号:

P548
TE121.1

樊丹, 李涤, 何登发, 侯烁钦, 孙天鸽, 杨浩, 甄宇. 东天山博格达地区石炭系构造-地层划分及成盆背景分析[J]. 现代地质, 2022, 36(05): 1206-1217.

FAN Dan, LI Di, HE Dengfa, HOU Shuoqin, SUN Tiange, YANG Hao, ZHEN Yu. Carboniferous Tectono-stratigraphic Division and Basin-forming Background in the Bogda Area, Eastern Tianshan[J]. Geoscience, 2022, 36(05): 1206-1217.

图/表 9

图2 博格达山石炭系年代-地层层序

Fig.2 Carboniferous geochrono-stratigraphic sequence of the Bogda Mountain

图3 准噶尔盆地石炭系年代-地层层序(图中火山岩年龄另文发表)

Fig.3 Carboniferous stratigraphic sequence for the Junggar Basin

图4 吐哈盆地石炭系年代-地层层序(图中火山岩年龄另文发表)

Fig.4 Carboniferous stratigraphic sequence for the Tuha Basin

图1 中亚造山带构造纲要图[8,23](a)和东天山地区主要构造单元[8](b)(岩浆岩年龄数据来自文献[8]及其统计结果)

Fig.1 Tectonic outline of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt[8,23] (a) and major tectonic units in the East Tianshan area[8](b)(age data of the magmatic rocks from ref.[8])

图5 准噶尔盆地城1井石炭系地层序列(a)及过城1井地震-地质结构剖面特征(b) AnC.前石炭系;C1sj.下石炭统双井子组;C2b.上石炭统巴塔玛依内山组;C2sh.上石炭统石钱滩组;P.二叠系;J.侏罗系;N.第三系

Fig. 5 Carboniferous stratigraphic sequence of the Well Cheng1 in the Junggar Basin(a) and Well Cheng1-related seismic geological structure profile(b)

图6 吐哈盆地科1井石炭系地层序列(a)及过科1井地震-地质结构剖面特征(b) AnC.前石炭系;C1y.下石炭统雅满苏组;C2.上石炭统;T2-3.中-上三叠统;J1.下侏罗统;J1b.下侏罗统八道湾组;J1x.下侏罗统西山窑组

Fig. 6 Carboniferous stratigraphic sequence of the Well Ke1 in the Tuha Basin(a) and Well Ke1-related seismic geological structure profile(b)

图7 博格达地区盆-山石炭系年代-地层格架

Fig.7 Basin-orogen-scaled Carboniferous geochronolo-stratigraphic framework in the Bogda area

图8 不同成因类型盆地构造沉降曲线特征[49](a)和博格达地区石炭纪盆地构造沉降曲线特征(b)

Fig.8 Characteristics of tectonic subsidence in the different mechanisms basins[49] (a) and characteristics of Carboniferous tectonic subsidence in the Bogda area(b)

图9 博格达山石炭纪岩浆岩构造环境判别图解 (a)Zr/Y-Zr图解;(b)Th/Yb-Nb/Yb图解;石炭纪岩浆岩年龄数据及微量元素来自文献[8]及其统计结果;MORB.洋中脊玄武岩;N-MORB.正常型洋中脊玄武岩;E-MORB.富集型洋中脊玄武岩

Fig.9 Tectonic discrimination diagrams for the Carboniferous magmatic rocks

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东天山博格达地区石炭系构造-地层划分及成盆背景分析

Carboniferous Tectono-stratigraphic Division and Basin-forming Background in the Bogda Area, Eastern Tianshan

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