高温高盐高黏油藏缔合聚合物-表面活性剂二元驱技术

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对大港油田孔南地区高温、高盐、中低渗、稠油等制约化学驱提高采收率的瓶颈技术问题,以官109-1断块枣Ⅴ油组为目标油藏,在优选适合缔合聚合物和表面活性剂基础上,进行聚合物-表面活性剂二元驱技术室内实验和现场应用研究。通过室内实验优选,缔合聚合物AP-P7和表面活性剂BHS-01二元体系溶液与常规体系相比,具有较好的耐温抗盐性,拓展了常规二元驱适用油藏的温度和矿化度范围;缔合聚合物经过岩心剪切后仍能够有效建立阻力系数和残余阻力系数;通过岩心驱替实验,体系能有效提高稠油油藏的采收率,拓宽了聚合物驱适用的原油黏度范围;矿场单井试注后,注入井注入压力和启动压力升高,纵向吸水剖面得到改善,说明该体系在高温高盐条件下仍能保持较高黏度,能够有效改善水油流度比,效果明显。

关键词: 高温高盐高黏油藏, 缔合聚合物, 岩心剪切, 岩心驱替实验, 单井试注

Abstract:

According to the technical bottleneck problems of high-temperature, high-salt,middle-low permeability and heavy oil,which has become the constraints to enhance oil recovery, the lab and field experiment researches of polymer-surfactant flooding technology were carried out based on the oil formation of V in G109-1 reservoir after the polymer and surfactant systems were optimized. Through to the laboratory optimization,the association polymer AP-P7 and the surfactant BHS-01 system had better temperature-resistance and salt-resistance than the regular system, and this result extended the temperature and salinity scope of application; The association polymer could build the resistance coefficient and residual resistance factor effectively after the core shearing. According to the core displacement experiments,this system could enhance the heavy oil recovery factor,which extended the oil viscosity scope of application. After the well injection test in the field, the starting and the injecting pressure increased and the longitudinal profile-log monitoring was improved,which could demonstrate that this system could reduce the mobility ratio of oil to water obviously.

Key words: high-temperature, high-salinity and high-viscosity reservoir, association polymer, core shearing, core displacement experiment, well injection test

中图分类号:

TE357.46

庄永涛, 刘鹏程, 郝明强. 高温高盐高黏油藏缔合聚合物-表面活性剂二元驱技术[J]. 现代地质, 2017, 31(04): 814-821.

ZHUANG Yongtao, LIU Pengcheng, HAO Mingqiang. Technology of Polymer-Surfactant Flooding on High-Temperature, High-Salinity and High-Viscosity Reservoir[J]. Geoscience, 2017, 31(04): 814-821.

图/表 14

表1 水质分析结果

Table 1 Results of water quality analysis

表2 聚合物及理化性能表

Table 2 Physical and chemical properties of polymers

聚合物型号	溶解性/h	固含量/%	水解度/%	分子量/10⁴	水不溶物/%
AP-P7	<2.0	88.7	17.9	12.0	0.13
AP-P3	<2.0	91.23	18.2	12.2	0.13
SNF	<2.0	88.59	27.5	25.2	0.124
HTPW-112	<2.0	88.24	26.9	25.9	0.135
KY-3	<2.0	89.37	22.2	25.5	0.114

表3 表面活性剂及理化性能表

Table 3 Physical and chemical properties of surfactants

表面活性剂	有效物含量/%	溶解性/%	pH	流动性
CEDA	60	>10	7.5	易于流动
BHS-01	50	>10	8.1	易于流动
BHS-CEDA	50	>10	8.7	易于流动

图1 渗流特性实验装置

Fig.1 Experimental device of seepage characteristics

图2 实验装置图

Fig.2 Experimental device of physical simulation

图3 不同聚合物增黏、抗温和抗盐特性 (a) 不同聚合物增黏效果;(b)不同聚合物(浓度2 000 mg/L)耐温效果;(c) 不同聚合物(浓度2 000 mg/L)抗盐效果

Fig.3 Viscosity increasing, temperature resistance and salt resistance of different polymers

图4 不同表活剂界面张力和二元溶液黏度与表活剂浓度关系图

Fig.4 Relationship between surface tension and viscosity of two solution and the concentration of surfactant

图5 界面张力和溶液黏度稳定性

Fig.5 Interfacial tension and solution viscosity stability

表4 不同类型聚合物剪切前后黏度变化

Table 4 Viscosity changes of different types of polymers before and after shearing

聚合物	岩心渗透率/ 10^-3μm²	溶液浓度/ (mg/L)	剪切速率/ (m/d)	剪切前黏度/ (mPa·s)	剪切后黏度/ (mPa·s)	黏度保留率/%
AP-P7	240	2000	90	101.5	52	51.5
HTPW-112	240	2000	90	33.5	11.3	33.7

图6 常规聚合物HTPW-112注入压力变化

Fig.6 Injection pressure changes of polymer HTPW-112

图7 缔合聚合物AP-P7注入压力变化

Fig.7 Injection pressure changes of polymer AP-P7

表5 不同驱替方式下采收率增幅

Table 5 The rate of recovery under different driving modes

序号	驱油剂组成/(mg/L)		含油饱和度/%	采收率/%		采收率增幅/%
序号	聚合物	表面活性剂	含油饱和度/%	水驱	化学驱	采收率增幅/%
1	—	—	71.5	28	—	—
2	2 000	—	71.6	27.2	41.6	13.6
3	—	4 000	71.4	27.1	32.3	4.3
4	2 000	4 000	71.3	27	47.1	19.4

图8 不同原油黏度下采收率增幅变化

Fig.8 Rate of recovery under different oil viscosity

图9 试注日注入量与油压变化曲线

Fig.9 Curve of injection rate and oil pressure

参考文献 27

[1]	王德民, 程杰成, 吴军政, 等. 聚合物驱油技术在大庆油田的应用[J]. 石油学报, 2005, 26(1):74-78. DOI
[2]	张晓芹, 关恒, 王洪涛. 大庆油田三类油层聚合物驱开发实践[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2006, 33(3):374-377.
[3]	李丽娟. 大庆油田一类油层聚驱后聚表面剂驱油技术[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2013, 32(3):118-122.
[4]	刘朝霞, 王强, 孙盈盈, 等. 聚合物驱矿场应用新技术界限研究与应用[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2014, 21(2):22-24.
[5]	王雨, 陈权生, 林莉莉, 等. 二元驱后应用活性聚合物进一步提高原油采收率[J]. 油田化学, 2014, 31(3):414-418.
[6]	程杰成, 吴军政, 胡俊卿. 三元复合驱提高原油采收率关键理论与技术[J]. 石油学报, 2014, 35(2):310-317. DOI
[7]	刘东升, 李金玲, 李天德, 等. 强碱三元复合驱硅结垢特点及防垢措施研究[J]. 石油学报, 2007, 28(5) : 139-141. DOI
[8]	吕鑫, 张建, 姜伟. 聚合物/表明活性剂二元复合驱研究进展[J]. 西南石油大学学报, 2008, 30(3):127-130.
[9]	朱友益, 张翼, 牛佳玲, 等. 无碱表面活性剂-聚合物复合驱技术研究进展[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2012, 39 (3):346-351.
[10]	刘莉平, 杨建军. 聚/表二元复合驱油体系性能研究[J]. 断块油气田, 2004, 11(4):44-45.
[11]	王荣健, 卢祥国, 牛丽伟, 等. 大庆油田萨北开发区二类油层二元复合驱技术研究[J]. 海洋石油, 2009, 29(3):57-61.
[12]	宋新旺, 李哲. 缔合聚合物在多孔介质中的渗流运移特征[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2012(4):50-53.
[13]	杨菲, 郭拥军, 张新民, 等. 聚驱后缔合聚合物三元复合驱提高采收率技术[J]. 石油学报, 2014, 35(4):908-912.
[14]	曹伟佳, 卢祥国, 苏鑫, 等. 疏水缔合聚合物/表面活性剂二元体系性能研究[J]. 油田化学, 2016, 33(2):305-310.
[15]	薛新生, 张健, 舒政, 等. 剪切方式对疏水缔合聚合物溶液性能的影响[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2013, 20(1):59-62.
[16]	BORCIA C, PUNGA I L, BORCIA G. Surface properties and hydrophobic recovery of polymers treated by atmospheric-pressure plasma[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 31(7):103-110. DOI URL
[17]	LIU P C. WANG C, WANG Y L. Synthesis and properties of BD-HMHEC and its applications in oilfields[J]. Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 2016, 93(4):449-454.
[18]	谢俊, 张金亮, 梁会珍. 适于高温高盐油藏的聚合物性能指标评价[J]. 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学), 2007, 37(2):335-339.
[19]	苏延辉, 刘敏, 郭海军, 等. 疏水缔合聚合物对SZ36-1油田生产污水稳定性的影响[J]. 油田化学, 2014, 31(1):122-126.
[20]	张书栋. 胜坨油田高温高盐油藏疏水缔合聚合物驱油先导试验研究[J]. 精细石油化工进展, 2014, 15(6):28-31.
[21]	CHEN H., WANG Z M, YE Z B. et al. The solution behavior of hydrophobically associating zwitterionic polymer in salt water[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2013, 131(1):1-15.
[22]	张贤松, 孙福街, 康晓东, 等. 渤海油田聚合物驱油藏筛选及提高采收率潜力评价[J]. 中国海上油气, 2009, 21(3):169-171.
[23]	贾虎, 倪小龙, 周先云, 等. 聚合物驱油藏适应性研究进展[J]. 油气田地面工程, 2010, 26(9):36-38.
[24]	POLITAKOS N, KORTABERRA G, ZALAKAIN I, et al. Enhancing the hydrophobic properties of various commercial polymers through mixtures and coatings with a fluorinated diblock copolymer in low concentrations[J]. European Polymer Journal, 2013, 497:1841-1851.
[25]	MARTINEZ M V, BRUNO M M, MIRAS M C, et al. Electroactive polymers made by loading redox ions inside crosslinked polymeric hydrogels[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2016, 219:363-376. DOI URL
[26]	ZAINUDDIN N, AHMAD I, KARGARZADEH H, et al. Hydrophobic kenaf nanocrystalline cellulose for the binding of curcumin[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2017, 163:261-269. DOI PMID
[27]	SOHN E J, KIM B G, HONG H, et al. Ultra-hydrophobic sticky polymer surfaces formed by water-induced surface deformation[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2016, 490:84-90. DOI URL