现代地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (02): 294-311.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.075
出版日期:
2025-04-10
发布日期:
2025-05-08
通信作者:
郑德顺,男,教授,博士生导师,1977年出生,地质资源与地质工程专业,主要从事构造-沉积响应的教学研究工作。Email:zhengdeshun@126.com。作者简介:
李倩倩,女,博士研究生,1990年出生,地质资源与地质工程专业。Email:lqianqianlucky@163.com。
基金资助:
LI Qianqian(), ZHENG Deshun(
), SUN Fengbo, WANG Xin
Published:
2025-04-10
Online:
2025-05-08
摘要: 不同地质历史时期硅质岩发育成因复杂,其硅质来源受到微生物、陆源碎屑、海水条件、火山热液等多种因素影响,硅质岩对构造演化阶段沉积环境具有重要的指示意义。前寒武纪海洋中溶解二氧化硅浓度较高,但所涉及的二氧化硅来源和硅质沉积物的形成过程,以往研究对华北克拉通南缘硅质岩认识较少。豫西中元古界官道口群龙家园组一段硅质岩类型多样,发育连续。本文基于其岩石学特征,结合主微量元素分析,对龙一段硅质岩的硅质来源、形成过程及其机制等进行研究。结果表明:龙一段硅质岩在剖面上均匀分布,按形态可分为纹层-条带状、变形层状、结核-团块状和菊花状。地球化学组分中Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) 值判别图解及Ce/Ce*、Eu/Eu*值综合分析硅质组分具有热液与海洋溶解硅的两种来源。硅质岩经历了沉积期、早成岩期和成岩期三个阶段形成过程:在沉积期阶段,海水中的硅质组分主要以硅质胶体形式沉积;在早成岩期阶段,尚未固结的硅质沉积物在重力作用下聚集于低洼地带,并在风暴等外力作用下形成一些风暴成因硅质岩;在成岩期阶段,硅质沉积物受到成岩压实作用逐渐固结,地形平缓处形成层状硅质岩,在低洼处形成团块状硅质岩。龙家园组一段硅质岩记录了中元古代华北克拉通南缘的沉积环境特征,指示该时期豫西地区处于相对开放的浅海环境,沉积环境稳定,有利于硅质的富集与保存。
中图分类号:
李倩倩, 郑德顺, 孙风波, 王昕. 豫西中元古界龙家园组一段硅质岩成因及环境响应[J]. 现代地质, 2025, 39(02): 294-311.
LI Qianqian, ZHENG Deshun, SUN Fengbo, WANG Xin. Genesis and Environmental Response of Siliceous Rocks in the First Member of Longjiayuan Formation of Mesoproterozoic, Western Henan[J]. Geoscience, 2025, 39(02): 294-311.
图2 豫西中元古界龙家园组一段实测地层柱状图及露头剖面 (a)纹层-条带状硅质岩;(b)波状叠层石;(c)结核-团块状硅质岩;(d)硅质结核;(e)龙家园组一段硅质白云岩宏观图
Fig.2 Measured stratigraphic histogram and outcrop section of the first Member of the Mesoproterozoic Longjiayuan Formation in western Henan
图3 龙家园组一段纹层-条带状、变形层状硅质岩特征照片 (a)纹层状硅质岩;(b)纹层状硅质岩显微照片(正交偏光);(c)纹层状硅质岩(上)与条带状硅质岩(下);(d)条带状硅质岩显微照片(正交偏光);(e)变形层状硅质岩;(f)变形层状硅质岩显微照片(正交偏光)
Fig.3 Photographs of bedding-banded and deformed stratified siliceous rocks in the first Member of Longjiayuan Formation
图4 龙家园组一段结核-团块状、菊花状硅质岩特征照片 (a)结核-团块状岩;(b)结核-团块状硅质岩显微照片(正交偏光);(c)菊花状硅质岩;(f)菊花状硅质岩显微照片(正交光);(e)菊花状硅质岩镜下可见黑褐色球状体(单偏光);(f)菊花状硅质岩镜下可见白云石的交代残晶(单偏光)
Fig.4 Photographs of nodule-massive siliceous rocks and chrysanthemum-like forms siliceous rocks in the first Member of Longjiayuan Formation
图5 龙家园组一段纹层-条带状硅质岩显微图像 (a)(b)显微镜下照片(正交偏光)与(c)(d)阴极发光照片相对应;(c)橙色为白云石(黄色箭头),蓝紫色环带为石英(黄色箭头);(d)黄色自形较好的菱形为白云石(白色箭头),橙色部分为白云石,蓝紫色条带为石英
Fig.5 Microscopic image of bedding-banded and deformed stratified siliceous rocks in the first Member of Longjiayuan Formation
样品编号 | SiO2 | TiO2 | Al2O3 | TFe2O3 | MnO | MgO | CaO | Na2O | K2O | P2O5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FD-01 | 67.93 | - | 0.07 | 0.57 | 0.03 | 6.51 | 9.81 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-02 | 3.02 | 0.01 | 0.17 | 0.36 | 0.05 | 21.03 | 29.50 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.01 |
FD-04 | 17.96 | - | 0.03 | 0.65 | 0.08 | 17.75 | 24.72 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-06 | 76.09 | - | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 5.00 | 7.17 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-07-1 | 47.54 | - | 0.04 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 11.43 | 15.88 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - |
FD-07-2 | 29.49 | - | 0.04 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 15.39 | 21.43 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-08 | 8.31 | - | 0.04 | 0.29 | 0.05 | 19.64 | 28.41 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-11 | 65.10 | 0.06 | 2.61 | 0.24 | 0.02 | 6.95 | 9.65 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 0.01 |
FD-12 | 0.75 | - | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 21.64 | 30.20 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-14 | 58.16 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 2.05 | 0.03 | 8.83 | 12.20 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
FD-15 | 27.91 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.42 | 0.02 | 15.63 | 21.78 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
FD-16 | 73.18 | 0.01 | 0.26 | 1.29 | 0.02 | 5.57 | 7.69 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
FD-18 | 55.22 | 0.05 | 1.72 | 0.59 | 0.03 | 9.24 | 12.87 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.01 |
FD-23 | 49.31 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 11.20 | 15.57 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-24 | 35.14 | - | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 14.29 | 19.89 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-25 | 20.71 | 0.04 | 0.84 | 0.30 | 0.02 | 17.19 | 23.99 | 0.03 | 0.24 | 0.02 |
FD-27 | 49.95 | - | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 10.87 | 15.32 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-30 | 46.23 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 11.75 | 16.36 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
FD-31 | 8.89 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 19.99 | 27.89 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-32 | 88.46 | - | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 2.45 | 3.51 | - | 0.03 | 0.01 |
FD-33 | 24.58 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 16.55 | 23.15 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-36 | 16.67 | - | 0.04 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 18.23 | 25.54 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
表1 龙家园组一段硅质岩主量元素(%)测试结果
Table 1 Major element results of siliceous rocks in the first Member of Longjiayuan Formation
样品编号 | SiO2 | TiO2 | Al2O3 | TFe2O3 | MnO | MgO | CaO | Na2O | K2O | P2O5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FD-01 | 67.93 | - | 0.07 | 0.57 | 0.03 | 6.51 | 9.81 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-02 | 3.02 | 0.01 | 0.17 | 0.36 | 0.05 | 21.03 | 29.50 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.01 |
FD-04 | 17.96 | - | 0.03 | 0.65 | 0.08 | 17.75 | 24.72 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-06 | 76.09 | - | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 5.00 | 7.17 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-07-1 | 47.54 | - | 0.04 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 11.43 | 15.88 | 0.01 | 0.01 | - |
FD-07-2 | 29.49 | - | 0.04 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 15.39 | 21.43 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-08 | 8.31 | - | 0.04 | 0.29 | 0.05 | 19.64 | 28.41 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-11 | 65.10 | 0.06 | 2.61 | 0.24 | 0.02 | 6.95 | 9.65 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 0.01 |
FD-12 | 0.75 | - | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 21.64 | 30.20 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-14 | 58.16 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 2.05 | 0.03 | 8.83 | 12.20 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
FD-15 | 27.91 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.42 | 0.02 | 15.63 | 21.78 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
FD-16 | 73.18 | 0.01 | 0.26 | 1.29 | 0.02 | 5.57 | 7.69 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
FD-18 | 55.22 | 0.05 | 1.72 | 0.59 | 0.03 | 9.24 | 12.87 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.01 |
FD-23 | 49.31 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 11.20 | 15.57 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-24 | 35.14 | - | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 14.29 | 19.89 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-25 | 20.71 | 0.04 | 0.84 | 0.30 | 0.02 | 17.19 | 23.99 | 0.03 | 0.24 | 0.02 |
FD-27 | 49.95 | - | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 10.87 | 15.32 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
FD-30 | 46.23 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 11.75 | 16.36 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
FD-31 | 8.89 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 19.99 | 27.89 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-32 | 88.46 | - | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 2.45 | 3.51 | - | 0.03 | 0.01 |
FD-33 | 24.58 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 16.55 | 23.15 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
FD-36 | 16.67 | - | 0.04 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 18.23 | 25.54 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
样品编号 | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Tm | Yb | Lu | Tm | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FD-01 | 0.43 | 1.40 | 0.21 | 0.83 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-02 | 1.16 | 2.34 | 0.31 | 1.08 | 0.21 | 0.04 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-04 | 0.47 | 0.98 | 0.12 | 0.56 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.02 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-06 | 0.13 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.04 | - | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-07-1 | 0.32 | 0.60 | 0.09 | 0.34 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-07-2 | 0.24 | 0.51 | 0.07 | 0.29 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-08 | 0.44 | 0.77 | 0.11 | 0.36 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.03 | - | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-11 | 3.32 | 6.80 | 0.70 | 2.32 | 0.47 | 0.09 | 0.38 | 0.05 | 0.33 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-12 | 0.35 | 0.76 | 0.08 | 0.36 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-14 | 0.33 | 0.85 | 0.08 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-15 | 0.46 | 1.00 | 0.12 | 0.42 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-16 | 0.86 | 1.99 | 0.20 | 0.69 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-18 | 2.22 | 4.48 | 0.46 | 1.55 | 0.26 | 0.05 | 0.25 | 0.04 | 0.20 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-23 | 0.27 | 0.56 | 0.06 | 0.24 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-24 | 0.39 | 0.90 | 0.09 | 0.30 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-25 | 3.06 | 5.69 | 0.66 | 2.42 | 0.36 | 0.08 | 0.35 | 0.06 | 0.27 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-27 | 0.36 | 0.84 | 0.09 | 0.26 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-30 | 0.63 | 1.20 | 0.14 | 0.52 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-31 | 0.40 | 0.65 | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-32 | 0.16 | 0.34 | 0.03 | 0.14 | 0.02 | - | 0.03 | - | 0.01 | - | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-33 | 0.57 | 0.92 | 0.11 | 0.45 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-36 | 0.51 | 1.29 | 0.12 | 0.46 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
样品编号 | Li | Be | Sc | V | Cr | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Rb | Sr | Li | Be | ||||||||||||||||
FD-01 | 6.04 | 0.06 | - | 3.60 | 1.37 | 0.58 | 2.03 | 2.19 | 1.45 | 0.31 | 0.37 | 10.61 | 6.04 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-02 | 2.87 | 0.19 | - | 3.76 | 2.69 | 3.21 | 4.81 | 2.52 | 38.53 | 0.31 | 1.64 | 23.76 | 2.87 | 0.19 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-04 | 1.52 | 0.15 | 0.22 | 4.67 | 4.41 | 2.87 | 7.99 | 12.13 | 31.17 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 24.12 | 1.52 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-06 | 1.86 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 1.51 | 1.61 | 0.54 | 1.45 | 11.65 | 4.92 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 7.34 | 1.86 | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-07-1 | 1.24 | 0.07 | - | 1.25 | 1.49 | 1.15 | 2.19 | 4.33 | 10.33 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 10.82 | 1.24 | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-07-2 | 1.17 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 1.28 | 1.35 | 1.23 | 2.86 | 4.45 | 13.22 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 14.90 | 1.17 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-08 | 1.25 | 0.15 | - | 2.23 | 1.67 | 1.37 | 3.47 | 2.35 | 11.08 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 22.14 | 1.25 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-11 | 12.56 | 0.24 | 1.1 | 5.46 | 4.00 | 0.65 | 2.52 | 14.10 | 31.32 | 3.26 | 3.99 | 30.87 | 12.56 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-12 | 0.62 | 0.08 | - | 1.33 | 1.14 | 1.10 | 3.12 | 0.78 | 5.23 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 27.55 | 0.62 | 0.08 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-14 | 1.87 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 2.38 | 8.06 | 1.36 | 5.03 | 4.45 | 5.25 | 0.54 | 0.82 | 14.81 | 1.87 | 0.05 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-15 | 1.19 | 0.21 | - | 2.82 | 1.13 | 0.82 | 2.80 | 1.01 | 5.97 | 0.18 | 0.92 | 14.38 | 1.19 | 0.21 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-16 | 2.59 | 0.06 | 0.51 | 3.12 | 6.83 | 1.03 | 4.32 | 6.26 | 9.33 | 0.66 | 1.00 | 15.63 | 2.59 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-18 | 8.20 | 0.20 | 0.88 | 6.05 | 6.90 | 0.86 | 5.31 | 28.95 | 21.28 | 2.25 | 2.39 | 31.46 | 8.20 | 0.20 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-23 | 3.91 | 0.04 | - | 1.12 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 1.82 | 1.77 | 21.32 | 0.47 | 0.20 | 11.71 | 3.91 | 0.04 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-24 | 5.57 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 1.13 | 0.85 | 0.82 | 2.20 | 1.42 | 7.63 | 0.30 | 0.23 | 16.57 | 5.57 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-25 | 10.08 | 0.31 | 0.25 | 4.73 | 3.47 | 1.49 | 3.27 | 1.91 | 6.74 | 1.06 | 6.79 | 30.75 | 10.08 | 0.31 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-27 | 4.50 | 0.06 | - | 1.10 | 0.93 | 0.55 | 1.70 | 0.79 | 3.62 | 0.08 | 0.28 | 13.10 | 4.50 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-30 | 6.60 | 0.10 | - | 1.80 | 1.38 | 0.76 | 1.82 | 1.03 | 2.00 | 0.43 | 0.92 | 16.75 | 6.60 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-31 | 2.54 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.92 | 1.80 | 0.87 | 3.14 | 1.45 | 9.90 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 21.62 | 2.54 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-32 | 8.85 | 0.03 | - | 0.97 | 1.18 | 0.17 | 0.90 | 1.81 | 1.95 | 0.12 | 0.58 | 5.29 | 8.85 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-33 | 1.95 | 0.15 | - | 1.43 | 2.74 | 0.79 | 2.75 | 1.12 | 3.91 | 0.05 | 0.21 | 23.21 | 1.95 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-36 | 1.17 | 0.19 | 0.01 | 1.66 | 2.13 | 1.06 | 2.94 | 0.92 | 8.05 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 18.07 | 1.17 | 0.19 | ||||||||||||||||
样品编号 | Y | Zr | Nb | Sn | Cs | Ba | Hf | Ta | Tl | Pb | Th | U | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-01 | 0.88 | 2.08 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 16.61 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.06 | 0.09 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-02 | 1.10 | 3.26 | 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 6.71 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 1.18 | 0.23 | 0.19 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-04 | 0.72 | 0.90 | 0.04 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 32.44 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 12.65 | 0.08 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-06 | 0.30 | 1.32 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 13.18 | 0.06 | - | 0.06 | 1.10 | 0.02 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-07-1 | 0.46 | 1.18 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 10.65 | 0.04 | - | 0.07 | 1.73 | 0.05 | 0.33 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-07-2 | 0.42 | 0.77 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 10.46 | 0.02 | - | 0.06 | 1.42 | 0.01 | 0.23 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-08 | 0.71 | 0.87 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 3.82 | 0.03 | - | 0.07 | 2.38 | 0.04 | 0.35 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-11 | 1.79 | 22.44 | 2.36 | 0.80 | 0.19 | 22.32 | 0.69 | 0.18 | 0.11 | 5.12 | 2.01 | 0.78 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-12 | 0.40 | 0.59 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 3.20 | 0.02 | - | 0.05 | 0.50 | 0.02 | 0.11 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-14 | 0.24 | 1.42 | 0.07 | 0.29 | 0.12 | 13.66 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 29.26 | 0.07 | 0.20 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-15 | 0.48 | 1.77 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 4.56 | 0.04 | - | 0.05 | 1.60 | 0.09 | 0.14 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-16 | 0.59 | 4.32 | 0.26 | 0.47 | 0.12 | 12.03 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 33.15 | 0.34 | 0.23 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-18 | 1.22 | 15.48 | 1.75 | 0.76 | 0.13 | 16.15 | 0.47 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 4.12 | 1.29 | 0.42 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-23 | 0.26 | 1.26 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 2.27 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 0.85 | 0.01 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-24 | 0.35 | 0.84 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 3.07 | 0.03 | - | 0.05 | 0.53 | 0.02 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-25 | 1.69 | 8.42 | 0.98 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 24.74 | 0.22 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 1.96 | 0.98 | 0.28 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-27 | 0.30 | 0.82 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 3.76 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.28 | 0.02 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-30 | 0.71 | 1.88 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 9.97 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.58 | 0.10 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-31 | 0.27 | 0.52 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 3.93 | 0.01 | - | 0.04 | 4.54 | 0.02 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-32 | 0.26 | 1.68 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 12.41 | 0.04 | - | 0.04 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.04 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-33 | 0.48 | 0.89 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 4.58 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 0.77 | 0.03 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-36 | 0.49 | 0.63 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 4.97 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.06 | 1.29 | 0.03 | 0.14 |
表2 龙家园组一段硅质岩稀土元素(10-6)和微量元素(10-6)测试结果
Table 2 Rare earth element and trace element results of siliceous rocks in the first Member of Longjiayuan Formation
样品编号 | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Tm | Yb | Lu | Tm | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FD-01 | 0.43 | 1.40 | 0.21 | 0.83 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-02 | 1.16 | 2.34 | 0.31 | 1.08 | 0.21 | 0.04 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-04 | 0.47 | 0.98 | 0.12 | 0.56 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.02 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-06 | 0.13 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.04 | - | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-07-1 | 0.32 | 0.60 | 0.09 | 0.34 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-07-2 | 0.24 | 0.51 | 0.07 | 0.29 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-08 | 0.44 | 0.77 | 0.11 | 0.36 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.03 | - | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-11 | 3.32 | 6.80 | 0.70 | 2.32 | 0.47 | 0.09 | 0.38 | 0.05 | 0.33 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-12 | 0.35 | 0.76 | 0.08 | 0.36 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-14 | 0.33 | 0.85 | 0.08 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-15 | 0.46 | 1.00 | 0.12 | 0.42 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-16 | 0.86 | 1.99 | 0.20 | 0.69 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-18 | 2.22 | 4.48 | 0.46 | 1.55 | 0.26 | 0.05 | 0.25 | 0.04 | 0.20 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-23 | 0.27 | 0.56 | 0.06 | 0.24 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-24 | 0.39 | 0.90 | 0.09 | 0.30 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-25 | 3.06 | 5.69 | 0.66 | 2.42 | 0.36 | 0.08 | 0.35 | 0.06 | 0.27 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-27 | 0.36 | 0.84 | 0.09 | 0.26 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-30 | 0.63 | 1.20 | 0.14 | 0.52 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-31 | 0.40 | 0.65 | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-32 | 0.16 | 0.34 | 0.03 | 0.14 | 0.02 | - | 0.03 | - | 0.01 | - | - | 0.01 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-33 | 0.57 | 0.92 | 0.11 | 0.45 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.01 | - | 0.03 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
FD-36 | 0.51 | 1.29 | 0.12 | 0.46 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.01 | - | 0.02 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
样品编号 | Li | Be | Sc | V | Cr | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Rb | Sr | Li | Be | ||||||||||||||||
FD-01 | 6.04 | 0.06 | - | 3.60 | 1.37 | 0.58 | 2.03 | 2.19 | 1.45 | 0.31 | 0.37 | 10.61 | 6.04 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-02 | 2.87 | 0.19 | - | 3.76 | 2.69 | 3.21 | 4.81 | 2.52 | 38.53 | 0.31 | 1.64 | 23.76 | 2.87 | 0.19 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-04 | 1.52 | 0.15 | 0.22 | 4.67 | 4.41 | 2.87 | 7.99 | 12.13 | 31.17 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 24.12 | 1.52 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-06 | 1.86 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 1.51 | 1.61 | 0.54 | 1.45 | 11.65 | 4.92 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 7.34 | 1.86 | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-07-1 | 1.24 | 0.07 | - | 1.25 | 1.49 | 1.15 | 2.19 | 4.33 | 10.33 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 10.82 | 1.24 | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-07-2 | 1.17 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 1.28 | 1.35 | 1.23 | 2.86 | 4.45 | 13.22 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 14.90 | 1.17 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-08 | 1.25 | 0.15 | - | 2.23 | 1.67 | 1.37 | 3.47 | 2.35 | 11.08 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 22.14 | 1.25 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-11 | 12.56 | 0.24 | 1.1 | 5.46 | 4.00 | 0.65 | 2.52 | 14.10 | 31.32 | 3.26 | 3.99 | 30.87 | 12.56 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-12 | 0.62 | 0.08 | - | 1.33 | 1.14 | 1.10 | 3.12 | 0.78 | 5.23 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 27.55 | 0.62 | 0.08 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-14 | 1.87 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 2.38 | 8.06 | 1.36 | 5.03 | 4.45 | 5.25 | 0.54 | 0.82 | 14.81 | 1.87 | 0.05 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-15 | 1.19 | 0.21 | - | 2.82 | 1.13 | 0.82 | 2.80 | 1.01 | 5.97 | 0.18 | 0.92 | 14.38 | 1.19 | 0.21 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-16 | 2.59 | 0.06 | 0.51 | 3.12 | 6.83 | 1.03 | 4.32 | 6.26 | 9.33 | 0.66 | 1.00 | 15.63 | 2.59 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-18 | 8.20 | 0.20 | 0.88 | 6.05 | 6.90 | 0.86 | 5.31 | 28.95 | 21.28 | 2.25 | 2.39 | 31.46 | 8.20 | 0.20 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-23 | 3.91 | 0.04 | - | 1.12 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 1.82 | 1.77 | 21.32 | 0.47 | 0.20 | 11.71 | 3.91 | 0.04 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-24 | 5.57 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 1.13 | 0.85 | 0.82 | 2.20 | 1.42 | 7.63 | 0.30 | 0.23 | 16.57 | 5.57 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-25 | 10.08 | 0.31 | 0.25 | 4.73 | 3.47 | 1.49 | 3.27 | 1.91 | 6.74 | 1.06 | 6.79 | 30.75 | 10.08 | 0.31 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-27 | 4.50 | 0.06 | - | 1.10 | 0.93 | 0.55 | 1.70 | 0.79 | 3.62 | 0.08 | 0.28 | 13.10 | 4.50 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-30 | 6.60 | 0.10 | - | 1.80 | 1.38 | 0.76 | 1.82 | 1.03 | 2.00 | 0.43 | 0.92 | 16.75 | 6.60 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-31 | 2.54 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.92 | 1.80 | 0.87 | 3.14 | 1.45 | 9.90 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 21.62 | 2.54 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-32 | 8.85 | 0.03 | - | 0.97 | 1.18 | 0.17 | 0.90 | 1.81 | 1.95 | 0.12 | 0.58 | 5.29 | 8.85 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-33 | 1.95 | 0.15 | - | 1.43 | 2.74 | 0.79 | 2.75 | 1.12 | 3.91 | 0.05 | 0.21 | 23.21 | 1.95 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||
FD-36 | 1.17 | 0.19 | 0.01 | 1.66 | 2.13 | 1.06 | 2.94 | 0.92 | 8.05 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 18.07 | 1.17 | 0.19 | ||||||||||||||||
样品编号 | Y | Zr | Nb | Sn | Cs | Ba | Hf | Ta | Tl | Pb | Th | U | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-01 | 0.88 | 2.08 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 16.61 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.06 | 0.09 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-02 | 1.10 | 3.26 | 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 6.71 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 1.18 | 0.23 | 0.19 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-04 | 0.72 | 0.90 | 0.04 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 32.44 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 12.65 | 0.08 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-06 | 0.30 | 1.32 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 13.18 | 0.06 | - | 0.06 | 1.10 | 0.02 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-07-1 | 0.46 | 1.18 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 10.65 | 0.04 | - | 0.07 | 1.73 | 0.05 | 0.33 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-07-2 | 0.42 | 0.77 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 10.46 | 0.02 | - | 0.06 | 1.42 | 0.01 | 0.23 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-08 | 0.71 | 0.87 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 3.82 | 0.03 | - | 0.07 | 2.38 | 0.04 | 0.35 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-11 | 1.79 | 22.44 | 2.36 | 0.80 | 0.19 | 22.32 | 0.69 | 0.18 | 0.11 | 5.12 | 2.01 | 0.78 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-12 | 0.40 | 0.59 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 3.20 | 0.02 | - | 0.05 | 0.50 | 0.02 | 0.11 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-14 | 0.24 | 1.42 | 0.07 | 0.29 | 0.12 | 13.66 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 29.26 | 0.07 | 0.20 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-15 | 0.48 | 1.77 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 4.56 | 0.04 | - | 0.05 | 1.60 | 0.09 | 0.14 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-16 | 0.59 | 4.32 | 0.26 | 0.47 | 0.12 | 12.03 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 33.15 | 0.34 | 0.23 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-18 | 1.22 | 15.48 | 1.75 | 0.76 | 0.13 | 16.15 | 0.47 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 4.12 | 1.29 | 0.42 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-23 | 0.26 | 1.26 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 2.27 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 0.85 | 0.01 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-24 | 0.35 | 0.84 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 3.07 | 0.03 | - | 0.05 | 0.53 | 0.02 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-25 | 1.69 | 8.42 | 0.98 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 24.74 | 0.22 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 1.96 | 0.98 | 0.28 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-27 | 0.30 | 0.82 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 3.76 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.28 | 0.02 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-30 | 0.71 | 1.88 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 9.97 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.58 | 0.10 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-31 | 0.27 | 0.52 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 3.93 | 0.01 | - | 0.04 | 4.54 | 0.02 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-32 | 0.26 | 1.68 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 12.41 | 0.04 | - | 0.04 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.04 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-33 | 0.48 | 0.89 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 4.58 | 0.02 | - | 0.04 | 0.77 | 0.03 | 0.06 | ||||||||||||||||||
FD-36 | 0.49 | 0.63 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 4.97 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.06 | 1.29 | 0.03 | 0.14 |
图7 龙家园组一段硅质岩主量元素地球化学判别图解 (a)Al-Fe-Mn三角图解(底图据文献[45]);(b)Fe/Ti-Al/(Al+Fe)图解(底图据文献[46])
Fig.7 Diagrams of major elements analysis in the first Member of Longjiayuan Formation
图11 pH值和盐度对硅溶液和SiO2聚合方式的影响(据文献[63]修改) (a)pH值和盐度对硅溶液体系的影响;(b)不同盐度和pH值下SiO2聚合行为
Fig.11 Effects of pH value and salinity on polymerization mode of silicon solution and silicon dioxide(modified from reference[63])
图12 豫西龙一段硅质岩形成模式图 (a)→(b)→(c)中元古代海洋中富含大量溶解硅(DSi),海水溶解硅在生物澡或特殊地球化学条件下形成硅质胶体(xSiO2·yH2O),并在重力作用下逐渐堆积;(d) 硅质沉积物与白云质沉积物交替沉积;(e)→(f)未固结的硅质沉积物被风暴打碎形成板条状硅质砾屑,之后原地堆积并形成菊花状硅质岩;(g)→(h)→(i),低洼处堆积的硅质沉积物在成岩压实作用中会收到较多应力挤压,并最终形成一连串透镜状的硅质岩(下部),在平缓位置上堆积的硅质沉积物受力均匀,形成的硅质岩也更易形成稳定的层状(上部)。
Fig.12 Siliceous rock formation model diagram of the first Member of Longjiayuan Formation, western Henan
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