Multi-order Characteristics of the “Tectonic Uplift-Detachment Depression” in Blocks of the Neocathaysian Tectonic System: A Study of the Greater Khinganling Orogenic Belt

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.082

Abstract

Abstract:

Block morphology can be divided into two categories: tectonic belt and tectonic block.The “tectonic belt” refers to an extension belt within a block characterized by strong rock deformation and complex geological processes, and often manifests itself as an uplift orogenic belt.The regions with weak rock deformation, primarily characterized by sedimentary processes and similar length and width, are termed tectonic blocks.Most of them are depression basins controlled by detachment structures.In the tectonic system, the block feature of “uplift and detachment” holds universal significance.This paper reveals the hierarchical characteristics of block distribution.Tectonic blocks at a certain level may be considered tectonic belts on a larger scale or at a higher level.Conversely, on a smaller scale or at a lower level, they may be represented as a combination of lower-level tectonic belts and tectonic blocks.Taking the Greater Khinganling orogenic belt as an example, this paper describes a five-order “uplift and disassembly depression” tectonic features of blocks.The first order of the Neocathaysian tectonic system is the Eastern Asian tectonic assemblage, characterized by an anticlockwise compressional shear dynamic relationship between the oceanic and continental plates.In the Neocathaysian tectonic system of Eastern China, the NNE-trending giant uplift tectonic belt and the giant detachment sedimentary basin belt represent the second order.The Greater Khinganling orogenic belt is the third-order structure, with alternating uplifted tectonic belts and subsidence depression belts.The southern section of the Greater Khinganling Mountains, known as the “magmatic core complex uplift-detachment basin depression belt” in the Chifeng area, belongs to the fourth order of the Neocathaysian tectonic system.At the fifth order, the “Mesozoic granite-complex core uplift belt-volcanic depression belt” in the Chaihulanzi gold field is crucial for orefield prospecting.The characteristics of the five-order “tectonic uplift-detachment depression belts” within the Neocathaysian tectonic system can guide the determination of metallogenic regionalization units, as well as the study of metallogenic patterns and prospecting work.In particular, the distribution of blocks within the orefield, part of the fifth order tectonic system, has fundamental and guiding significance for achieving breakthrough in ore prospecting within the key mining belt.

Key words: Neocathaysian tectonic system, distribution of tectonic uplift-detachment depression, block hierarchy

CLC Number:

LÜ Guxian, ZHANG Baolin, JIAO Jiangang, WANG Cuizhi, BI Minfeng, FU Xu, LÜ Chengxun, MA Licheng. Multi-order Characteristics of the “Tectonic Uplift-Detachment Depression” in Blocks of the Neocathaysian Tectonic System: A Study of the Greater Khinganling Orogenic Belt[J]. Geoscience, 2024, 38(04): 853-864.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 Distribution map of the uplift orogen belts and depression basins of the Neocathaysian tectonic system in Eastern China (revised from ref.[24])

Fig.2 Distribution of the uplift tectonic belt and sedimentary depression basins in the Greater Khinganling orogenic belt (revised from ref.[25])

Fig.3 Tectonic profile of the Greater Khinganling Mountains and its adjacent basins (revised from ref.[28])

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of the Late Mesozoic volcanic basement uplifts and volcanic basins in the Greater Khinganling Mountains (after refs.[29-30])

Fig.5 Schematic map showing the distribution of uplifted tectonic belts and depression basins in the Neocathaysian tectonic system of the Chifeng area, Inner Mongolia (compiled from region geological survey data of Inner Mongolia)

Fig.6 Section diagram of the “magmatic core complex uplift-detachment basin belt” in Chifeng area

Fig.7 Distribution map of the Meso-Cenozoic volcanic sedimentary basins and granite uplift belts in Chaihulanzi area

References 49

[1]	李四光. 关于地质构造的三重基本概念[J]. 地质学报, 1953, 33(4): 253-260.
[2]	吕古贤. 关于构造作用力影响“静水压力”问题[J]. 科学通报, 1995, 40(3): 286.
[3]	吕古贤, 刘瑞珣. 重力和构造力在地壳中的作用[J]. 高校地质学报, 1996, 2(1): 28-37.
[4]	吕古贤, 刘瑞珣. 成岩深度测算原理的探讨[J]. 科学通报, 1999, 44(21): 2350-2352.
[5]	吕古贤, 王方正, 刘瑞珣. 超高压变质的构造附加压力与形成深度[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004.
[6]	吕古贤. 关于矿田地质学的初步探讨[J]. 地质通报, 2011, 30(4): 478-486.
[7]	吕古贤, 李秀章, 张迎春, 等. 矿田地质学的研究和发展问题[J]. 地质与勘探, 2012, 48(6): 1143-1150.
[8]	吕古贤. 矿田地质分类研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2015, 22(4): 1-12. DOI
[9]	吕古贤. 金属矿田地质勘探类型及其评价方案[J]. 地学前缘, 2015, 22(4): 13-21. DOI
[10]	康玉柱. 全球构造体系概论[M]. 北京: 中国石化出版社,地质出版社, 2018: 1-160.
[11]	李四光. 地质力学概论[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1973:1-100.
[12]	李四光. 地壳构造与地壳运动[J]. 中国科学, 1973, 3(4): 400-429.
[13]	李四光. 地质力学方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1976: 131-194.
[14]	孙殿卿. 中华人民共和国及其毗邻海区构造体系图[M]. 北京: 地图出版社, 1984.
[15]	李述靖, 郑达兴, 陈佳木, 等. 中国主要构造体系的划分与特征概述[M]// 地质矿产部地质力学研究所. 中国分省构造体系研究文集第1辑. 北京: 地质出版社, 1985: 1-19.
[16]	唐克东, 王莹, 何国琦, 等. 中国东北及邻区大陆边缘构造[J]. 地质学报, 1995, 69(1): 16-30.
[17]	李廷栋, 戴维声, 韦光明. 亚洲地质(中国地质图集)[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2002.
[18]	任纪舜, 王作勋, 陈炳蔚, 等. 中国及邻区大地构造图(1∶500万)及简要说明书——从全球看中国大地构造[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1999.
[19]	任纪舜, 牛宝贵, 赵磊, 等. 地球系统多圈层构造观的基本内涵[J]. 地质力学学报, 2019, 25(5): 607-612.
[20]	李春昱. 亚洲大地构造图(1∶800万)[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1984.
[21]	赵文津. 大陆漂移, 板块构造, 地质力学[J]. 地球学报, 2009, 30(6): 717-731.
[22]	翟明国, 孟庆任, 刘建明, 等. 华北东部中生代构造体制转折峰期的主要地质效应和形成动力学探讨[J]. 地学前缘, 2004, 11(3): 285-297.
[23]	李述靖, 吕古贤. 试论汾渭 “S”型旋转拉分构造体系及其影响[J]. 现代地质, 2021, 35(5): 1260-1266.
[24]	孙家骢, 韩润生. 矿田地质力学理论与方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2016.
[25]	王楫, 谢贤俊. 内蒙古自治区主要构造体系概述[M]// 地质矿产部地质力学研究所.中国分省构造体系研究文集第1辑. 北京: 地质出版社, 1985: 73-90.
[26]	鹿琪, 张宫博, 刘财, 等. 地球物理剖面揭示大兴安岭域壳幔结构及其地质意义[J]. 地球物理学报, 2019, 62(11): 4401-4416. DOI
[27]	赵维俊, 秦涛, 李建平, 等. 基于地球物理数据融合的大兴安岭中段东缘地壳结构研究[J]. 地质学报, 2024, 98(7): 2064-2083.
[28]	邵济安, 张履桥, 肖庆辉, 等. 中生代大兴安岭的隆起: 一种可能的陆内造山机制[J]. 岩石学报, 2005, 21(3): 789-794.
[29]	邵济安, 张履桥, 牟保磊. 大兴安岭中生代伸展造山过程中的岩浆作用[J]. 地学前缘, 1999, 6(4): 339-346.
[30]	赵国龙, 杨桂林, 王忠, 等. 大兴安岭中南部中生代火山岩[M]. 北京: 科学技术出版社, 1989: 10-12.
[31]	吕古贤, 李洪奎, 丁正江, 等. 胶东地区“岩浆核杂岩” 隆起-拆离带岩浆期后热液蚀变成矿[J]. 现代地质, 2016, 30(2): 247-262.
[32]	吴懿豪. 基于综合地球物理数据的大兴安岭东南段复合成矿末端效应研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2023.
[33]	王涛, 张建军, 李舢, 等. 东北亚晚古生代—中生代岩浆时空演化: 多重板块构造体制范围及叠合的鉴别证据[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(2): 28-44. DOI
[34]	杨雅军, 杨晓平, 江斌, 等. 大兴安岭中生代火山岩地层时空分布与蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋、古太平洋板块俯冲作用响应[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(2): 115-131. DOI
[35]	吕古贤, 霍庆龙, 袁月蕾, 等. 胶东金矿陆内构造岩浆核杂岩隆起-拆离带蚀变成矿[J]. 地学前缘, 2017, 24(2): 95-103. DOI
[36]	吕古贤, 张宝林, 焦建刚, 等. 新华夏构造体系建造的“岩浆核杂岩隆起-拆离盆地凹陷带”特征——以赤峰地区为例[M]// 中国地球物理学会.中国地球科学2022联合学术年会论文集. 北京: 中国地球物理学会, 2022: 1153.
[37]	吕古贤, 焦建刚, 张宝林, 等. 陆内岩浆核杂岩隆起-拆离构造: 胶东地区研究实例[J]. 地质通报, 2023, 42(4): 489-509.
[38]	张宝林, 吕古贤, 沈晓丽, 等. 中国东部中生代晚期岩浆核杂岩隆起-拆离带构造成矿特征与金-多金属矿田勘查[J]. 地质通报, 2023, 42(4): 510-519.
[39]	晁会霞, 杨兴科, 吕古贤, 等. 长江中下游九瑞矿集区彭山岩浆核杂岩隆起-拆离带成矿构造特征[J]. 地质通报, 2023, 42(4): 554-565.
[40]	吕古贤. 石槽矿区不同力学性质结构面中岩浆岩的某些变异问题探讨[J]. 中国地质科学院院报, 1987, 8(3): 65-80.
[41]	吕古贤, 曹钟清, 郭涛, 等. 长江中下游中生代构造岩相体系分布与成矿规律: 新华夏构造体系的“长江式” 构造研究[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2011, 35(4): 495-501.
[42]	张宝林, 吕古贤, 余建国, 等. 内蒙古赤峰柴胡栏子金矿及周边地区构造形迹的 “米字型” 分布及其控矿特征[J]. 现代地质, 2021, 35(5): 1267-1273.
[43]	韩燿徽, 王翠芝, 吴志杰, 等. 内蒙古赤峰柴胡栏子金矿田遥感地质解译和蚀变信息提取与找矿预测[J]. 现代地质, 2024, 38(4):1076-1091.
[44]	吕古贤, 张宝林, 吕承训, 等. 长江中下游地区新华夏构造体系的“米字型”结构特征[J]. 现代地质, 2021, 35(5): 1240-1250.
[45]	吕古贤, 王红才, 韩璐, 等. 新华夏构造体系结构面“米字型”分布与演化的数学模拟研究[J]. 现代地质, 2021, 35(5): 1251-1259.
[46]	吕古贤, 张宝林, 胡宝群, 等. 构造物理化学的研究与进展[M]// 中国地球物理学会.第十届中国地球科学联合学术年会论文集. 北京: 中国地球物理学会, 2023: 3562-3563.
[47]	吕古贤, 张宝林, 胡宝群, 等. 构造物理化学的研究和发展[M]// 中国地球物理学会. 第二届全国矿产勘查大会论文集. 北京: 中国地球物理学会, 2023: 1326-1327.
[48]	张宝林, 吕古贤, 毕珉锋, 等. 新华夏体系复合构造控矿规律及其找矿意义[M]// 第十届全国成矿理论与找矿方法学术讨论会论文摘要集. 西安: 中国科学院地球化学研究所矿床地球化学国家重点实验室,长安大学, 2023:398-399.
[49]	张宝林, 吕古贤, 王翠芝, 等. 构造变形岩相带体系预测方法及其应用——以热液脉状多金属矿田为例[M]// 中国地球物理学会. 第十届中国地球科学联合学术年会论文集. 北京: 中国地球物理学会, 2023: 3555-3556.