A New Model of Early Oblique Sediment Provenance in the Steep Slope Zone of a Rift Basin: A Case Study of the Upper Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation, Northern Bonan Sag

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.067

Abstract

Abstract:

Sedimentary provenance analysis during the early stage of faulted basins is crucial for classifying sedimentary systems and predicting favorable hydrocarbon zones.Previous studies have indicated that the steep slope zones of the faulted basins predominantly develop nearshore submarine fans, small fan deltas, and sublacustrine fans through short-axis provenance, perpendicular to the border fault.However, early faulted basins are characterized by complex topography and intense tectonic activity, and the existence of other provenance directions remains unclear.Moreover, the low resolution and quality of seismic data in the steep slope zone obscure the seismic reflection features of sedimentary provenance, significantly limiting research on sedimentary reservoirs.This study investigates the sedimentary provenance of the Upper Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Yi 104 area of the northern Bonan sag, Jiyang Depression.In this study, 3D high-resolution seismic data, processed using improved Morlet wavelet seismic frequency division technology and integrated with core and logging data, were utilized.The main findings are as follows: the improved Morlet wavelet seismic frequency division processing technology effectively enhances the quality of seismic data in the steep slope zone, facilitating the fine identification of sedimentary facies; a large-scale progradational channel-fill seismic facies combination, oblique to the border fault, is observed in the seismic profile, along with a tongue-shaped strong amplitude anomaly.This indicates a large-scale oblique sedimentary provenance in the early stage of the faulted basin’s steep slope zone; the core data show a phenomenon of gravel orientation arrangement, while the logging curve characteristics and lithofacies combinations reveal antirhythmic features.Based on these observations and the results of seismic facies and seismic attribute identification, it is inferred that the large-scale oblique source is fan delta sedimentation. A new sedimentation model for the early stage of rift lacustrine basin steep slope zone is proposed, incorporating both nearshore submarine fans formed by short-axis provenance and fan deltas formed by oblique provenance.The fan delta in the early stage of rifting steep slope zones show good reservoir physical properties and excellent reservoir conditions, making them a promising direction for future exploration.This study provides new insights into early sedimentary provenance and its associated sedimentary types in the steep slope zone.Moreover, it offers a new direction for reservoir research and deep exploration in both the Bonan Sag steep slope zone and the faulted basin steep slope zone.

Key words: seismic frequency division processing, progradational-channel-filled seismic facies, oblique provenance, fan delta, deep exploration

CLC Number:

P618.1

CHEN Zhaozhou, LIU Zhen, JIANG Lei. A New Model of Early Oblique Sediment Provenance in the Steep Slope Zone of a Rift Basin: A Case Study of the Upper Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation, Northern Bonan Sag[J]. Geoscience, 2024, 38(06): 1473-1483.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Location (a), tectonic division (b), and stratigraphic column (c) of the Bonan Sag (modified from reference [32])

Fig.2 Map showing the plane and survey line azimuth of the Bonan Sag

Fig.3 Comparison of data before and after frequency division reconstruction processing

Fig.4 Comparison of typical filling facies before and after frequency division reconstruction processing

Fig.5 Characteristics of seismic facies along the source direction of the Upper Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the northern steep slope zone of the Bonan Sag

Fig.6 Characteristics of the seismic facies perpendicular to the source direction of the Upper Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the northern steep slope zone of the Bonan Sag

Fig.7 Seismic Maximum amplitude attribute features of the Upper Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the northern steep slope zone of the Bonan Sag

Fig.8 Characteristics of well cores from the Upper Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the northern steep slope zone of the Bonan Sag

Fig.9 Characteristics of the logging facies of the Upper Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the northern steep slope zone of the Bonan Sag

Fig.10 Distribution of sedimentary facies in the Upper Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the northern steep slope zone of the Bonan Sag

Fig.11 Schematic diagrams of the growth and evolution of boundary faults in the steep slope zone of a rift basin (adapted from reference [43])

Fig.12 Sedimentary model of early oblique fan deltas and nearshore submarine fans in the steep slope zone of a fault basin

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