Cadmium Bioavailability and Influencing Factors of Soil-rice System in Nanliujiang Catchment of Guangxi

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.03.04

Abstract

Abstract:

The alluvium soil in the Nanliujiang Catchment had the characteristics with low Cd contents in soils but high Cd contents in the rice seeds grown in there. In order to understand the distribution and transfer of Cd in the soil-rice system of the Nanliujiang Catchment, We collected rice and soil samples from different parent material in this region and analyzed the rice Cd and soil Cd, pH, Corg, N, S, Mn and oxides. Meanwhile, seven-step sequential extraction experiments were performed on some of the soil samples to find the representative bioavailability of Cd in soil-rice system. The results showed that compared with different parent soils, the Cd contents of the soils in order for the limestone soils>the upstream alluvium soils>the midstream alluvium soils>the downstream alluvium soils>the clasolite-produced soils, which was contrary to the order of Cd contents in rice seeds grown in these areas, and no significant correlation was observed between Cd contents in rice seeds and in cultivated soils (r=-0.030,p=0.84). It was revealed that total soil Cd content cannot represent bioavailable Cd content absorbed by rice. Water-soluble Cd in the soil was thought to be the main species in Cd translocation from soil to seed, according to its significant correlations between them. With the increase of soil pH, CaO, Mn, and soil organic carbon (Corg), the proportion of water-soluble Cd decreased significantly(r=0.12-0.45). This information may be of great significance for proposing effective measures to reduce the Cd contents of rice in the Nanliujiang Catchment.

Key words: Nanliujiang Catchment, soil-rice system, cadmium, bioavailability

CLC Number:

P595
X142

SHAO Yuxiang, YANG Zhongfang, WANG Lei, ZHUO Xiaoxiong, ZHANG Qizuan. Cadmium Bioavailability and Influencing Factors of Soil-rice System in Nanliujiang Catchment of Guangxi[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(03): 625-636.

Figures/Tables 15

References 62

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指标	分析方法	检出限	指标	分析方法	检出限	指标	分析方法	检出限
N	VOL	15	Corg	VOL	0.05	离子交换态	ICP-OES	0.02
P	XRF	8	CaO	ICP-AES	0.02	碳酸盐结合态	ICP-OES	0.02
S	XRF	20	K₂O	ICP-AES	0.01	腐殖酸结合态	ICP-OES	0.02
Mn	ICP-AES	5	MgO	ICP-AES	0.02	铁锰氧化态	ICP-OES	0.02
Cd	ICP-MS	0.02	pH	ISE	0.01	强有机结合态	ICP-OES	0.02
籽实Cd	ICP-MS	0.0001	水溶态	ICP-OES	0.005	残渣态	ICP-OES	0.03

指标	分析方法	检出限	指标	分析方法	检出限	指标	分析方法	检出限
N	VOL	15	Corg	VOL	0.05	离子交换态	ICP-OES	0.02
P	XRF	8	CaO	ICP-AES	0.02	碳酸盐结合态	ICP-OES	0.02
S	XRF	20	K₂O	ICP-AES	0.01	腐殖酸结合态	ICP-OES	0.02
Mn	ICP-AES	5	MgO	ICP-AES	0.02	铁锰氧化态	ICP-OES	0.02
Cd	ICP-MS	0.02	pH	ISE	0.01	强有机结合态	ICP-OES	0.02
籽实Cd	ICP-MS	0.0001	水溶态	ICP-OES	0.005	残渣态	ICP-OES	0.03

指标	精密度/%	准确度/%	指标	精密度/%	准确度/%
N	18.22	9.13	Corg	14.94	4.14
P	11.88	8.11	CaO	13.02	3.43
S	12.64	9.21	K₂O	15.38	3.35
Mn	14.20	7.68	MgO	15.38	4.32
Cd	16.19	9.39	籽实Cd	0.45	6.30
pH	1.81	—

指标	精密度/%	准确度/%	指标	精密度/%	准确度/%
N	18.22	9.13	Corg	14.94	4.14
P	11.88	8.11	CaO	13.02	3.43
S	12.64	9.21	K₂O	15.38	3.35
Mn	14.20	7.68	MgO	15.38	4.32
Cd	16.19	9.39	籽实Cd	0.45	6.30
pH	1.81	—

分区		N		P		S		K₂O		CaO		MgO		Corg		pH		Mn		Cd		籽实Cd
碳酸盐区 (n = 20)	平均值	1 657		807		317		0.74		0.32		0.28		1.61		6.15		225		0.39		0.15
	中位数	1 633		812		319		0.57		0.30		0.26		1.60		6.02		180		0.29		0.12
	变异系数	0.32		0.32		0.27		0.64		0.55		0.49		0.30		—		0.68		1.06		0.91
水系上游第四系 (n = 44)	平均值	1 462		879		333		1.46		0.27		0.32		1.46		5.89		214		0.22		0.14
	中位数	1 418		843		340		1.14		0.23		0.29		1.44		5.79		111		0.18		0.11
	变异系数	0.28		0.43		0.29		0.76		0.63		0.54		0.28		—		1.47		0.71		0.68
水系中游第四系 (n = 50)	平均值	1 444		731		300		1.36		0.25		0.43		1.45		5.74		86		0.13		0.17
	中位数	1 418		661		296		1.21		0.17		0.38		1.40		5.58		72		0.12		0.15
	变异系数	0.25		0.41		0.22		0.57		1.00		0.46		0.26		—		0.60		0.41		0.53
水系下游第四系 (n = 69)	平均值	1 234		821		302		1.63		0.15		0.36		1.30		5.48		91		0.14		0.27
	中位数	1 079		776		268		1.96		0.14		0.36		1.01		5.40		86		0.13		0.25
	变异系数	0.44		0.33		0.47		0.50		0.33		0.43		0.59		—		0.42		0.43		0.59
碎屑岩区 (n = 51)	平均值	1 372		642		284		0.94		0.16		0.32		1.36		5.43		87		0.12		0.12
	中位数	1 303		591		273		0.78		0.14		0.29		1.21		5.40		67		0.10		0.10
	变异系数	0.27		0.38		0.19		0.62		0.54		0.40		0.25		—		0.87		0.43		0.62
总计 (n = 234)	平均值	1 388		772		305		1.31		0.21		0.35		1.40		5.60		124		0.17		0.18
	中位数	1 361		724		294		1.09		0.16		0.33		1.34		5.52		86		0.13		0.15
	变异系数	0.33		0.39		0.33		0.65		0.78		0.47		0.38		—		1.30		0.97		0.72
全国土壤背景^[22]			640		520		150		2.5		3.2		1.8		0.35		—		600		0.09		—
长江流域^[22]			—		650		170		2.2		4.0		2.2		0.47		—		810		0.25		—