Color Origin of the Lower Triassic Liujiagou and Heshanggou Formations Red Beds in the Ordos Basin

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.04.13

Abstract

Abstract:

The Lower Triassic Liujiagou and Heshanggou formations (Fms.) of the Ordos Basin in China contain large-scale red sandstone-mudstone deposition. Due to their lack of fossils and marker beds, study of these strata is difficult and little research attention has been paid to them. In this study, the red beds of the Liujiagou and Heshanggou formations were studied by means of drill-core and outcrop observation, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and whole-rock major-and trace-element analyses. In addition, comparison with other strata of different colors from around the red beds was performed. The XRD and SEM analyses show that the dominant clay minerals in the red beds are smectite±illite. Trace amounts of fine disseminated hematite on the smectite flakes of pore infill have given the red color to the rocks. Sedimentary facies and elemental geochemistry reveal that the red beds are the products of a hot arid climate and a strongly oxidizing environment. These red beds are of sedimentary origin. By comparing the red beds with the rocks of different colors, it is shown that the different colors of sedimentary rocks are due mainly to their mineral contents, which reflect the basinal tectonic evolution and changes in the climate and sedimentary environment.

Key words: Ordos Basin, Lower Triassic, red beds, color origin

CLC Number:

TE121

TAN Cong, YU Bingsong, YUAN Xuanjun, LIU Ce, WANG Tongshan, ZHU Xi. Color Origin of the Lower Triassic Liujiagou and Heshanggou Formations Red Beds in the Ordos Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2020, 34(04): 769-783.

Figures/Tables 18

References 53

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层位	样品数 (块)	石英 (Q)/%	长石 (F)/%	岩屑 (R)/%	Q/ (F+R)
和尚沟组	15	26.4	48.6	12.3	0.43
刘家沟组	15	49.4	18.1	15.1	1.49

层位	样品数 (块)	石英 (Q)/%	长石 (F)/%	岩屑 (R)/%	Q/ (F+R)
和尚沟组	15	26.4	48.6	12.3	0.43
刘家沟组	15	49.4	18.1	15.1	1.49

地层	钾长石	钠长石	方解石	赤铁矿	石英	地层	钾长石	钠长石	方解石	黄铁矿	赤铁矿	石英
石盒子组	0	1.3	0	0	36.4	纸坊组	5.4	19.2	6.3	0	0.6	24.5
石千峰组	0.4	2.2	0	0.4	34.4	长10段	3.7	17.7	1.9	0	0	26.2
刘家沟组	7.1	6.4	3.3	0.5	54.5	长7段	2.4	6.3	0	5.1	0	31.5
和尚沟组	9.8	26.6	1.5	1.4	34.9

地层	钾长石	钠长石	方解石	赤铁矿	石英	地层	钾长石	钠长石	方解石	黄铁矿	赤铁矿	石英
石盒子组	0	1.3	0	0	36.4	纸坊组	5.4	19.2	6.3	0	0.6	24.5
石千峰组	0.4	2.2	0	0.4	34.4	长10段	3.7	17.7	1.9	0	0	26.2
刘家沟组	7.1	6.4	3.3	0.5	54.5	长7段	2.4	6.3	0	5.1	0	31.5
和尚沟组	9.8	26.6	1.5	1.4	34.9

地层		I/S	I	K	C	S校正	地层		I/S	I	K	C	S校正
石盒子组	平均	58.7	6.0	10.6	24.7	15.7	纸坊组	平均	44.6	11.6	3.8	39.9	9.4
	最小	33.0	3.0	4.0	14.0	6.6		最小	3.0	0.0	1.0	3.0	0.2
	最大	71.0	9.0	45.0	34.0	21.3		最大	95.0	25.0	7.0	85.0	25.8
石千峰组	平均	48.5	9.5	32.5	9.5	13.6	长10段	平均	40.2	11.8	4.6	43.4	9.8
	最小	40.0	9.0	25.0	8.0	10.0		最小	9.0	5.0	3.0	14.0	0.5
	最大	57.0	10.0	40.0	11.0	17.1		最大	71.0	19.0	6.0	75.0	21.3
刘家沟组	平均	52.2	20.0	3.8	28.8	9.0	长7段	平均	49.1	15.7	19.3	15.9	7.9
	最小	27.0	0.0	1.0	21.0	1.4		最小	13.0	12.0	9.0	8.0	2.0
	最大	99.0	46.0	5.0	41.0	24.8		最大	62.0	23.0	36.0	33.0	12.0
和尚沟组	平均	32.3	12.8	3.5	51.3	2.7
	最小	8.0	9.0	1.0	5.0	1.2
	最大	76.0	18.0	4.0	79.0	3.8