Provenance and Tectonic Setting of Chang 10-Chang 8 Member in the Southern Ordos Basin

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.04.14

Abstract

Abstract:

During the Middle-Late Triassic, all tectonic blocks surrounding the Ordos Basin were in different stages of tectonic evolution. Especially in the southern margin of the basin, the detrital source is still controversial. Provenance of the Yanchang Formation in the basin is still under much debate, especially the Chang 10 to Chang 8 section. In this study, the sandstone detrital component and geochemical statistics in the bottom of Yanchang Formation (Chang 10-Chang 8) are analyzed to unravel their provenance. The results show that the Chang 10-Chang 8 section have the characteristics of shallow-water, intermediate-proximal source deposition with weak oxidation. The major materials of the Chang 10-Chang 8 section may have formed in an island arc. Moreover, there are recycled-orogenic materials in Chang 8 in the western part of the southern margin. The Chang 10-Chang 8 member was likely originated from the Alxa block and Yinshan paleo-continent in the southern part of the basin, the Chang 10-Chang 9 member may have originated mainly from the Alxa block in the western part of the southern margin, whilst the Chang 8 member was likely a mixture of clastic materials from the Qilian and Qinling regions. This multi-source and varying material composition may have closely related to the orogenic activities around the Middle Triassic basin, indicating that this area is an ideal target to revel the source to sink system. Our findings can assist the reconstruction of the basin depositional environment, and the prediction of favorable reservoir sandbodies, which provides the theoretical basis for future oil and gas exploration in the study area.

Key words: Yanchang Formation, provenance analysis, Dickinson diagram, geochemistry, Ordos Basin

CLC Number:

TE121.3

LI Yijia, RUAN Zhuang, LIU Shuai, CHANG Qiuhong, LAI Wei, YANG Zhihui. Provenance and Tectonic Setting of Chang 10-Chang 8 Member in the Southern Ordos Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2020, 34(04): 784-799.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig.1 Geologic map of southern margin of the Ordos Basin (geologic map modified after reference [11])

Fig.2 Lithostratigraphic columns and sampling location of the Jinsuoguan and Ruishuihe areas (lithostratigraphic columns modified after reference [26])

Fig.3 Field geological features of the Yanchang Formation in the Jinsuoguan and Ruishuihe areas

Fig.4 Statistical diagram of sandstone clastic components for the Lower Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos Basin

Table 1 Statistics of detrital compositions for the Yanchang Fm. sandstone in the southern Ordos Basin

样品编号	石英(Qt)/%		长石 (F)/%	岩屑 (Lt)/%	岩屑成分/%
样品编号	单晶石英(Qm)	多晶石英(Qp)	长石 (F)/%	岩屑 (Lt)/%	岩浆岩(Lv)	变质岩(Lm)	沉积岩(Ls)
R8-1	33.42	5.81	25.54	33.02	24.59	61.90	13.51
R8-2	35.66	5.98	22.06	35.87	25.68	62.22	12.10
R8-3	34.54	6.02	21.86	36.79	27.48	58.47	14.05
J8-1	36.31	4.41	28.37	30.59	24.83	67.85	7.32
J8-2	30.50	5.01	23.97	35.95	29.40	60.78	9.82
J8-3	33.25	4.83	25.66	33.76	24.67	66.11	9.21
R9-1	34.31	1.97	35.84	29.19	22.92	60.02	17.06
R9-2	36.53	3.01	27.61	32.63	30.92	55.56	13.52
R9-3	35.76	2.88	28.94	28.64	30.27	58.90	10.82
J9-1	16.45	2.76	30.55	31.83	19.64	67.75	12.60
J9-2	17.23	2.57	30.68	32.11	21.74	65.74	12.52
J9-3	17.18	2.65	29.89	31.28	22.03	65.46	12.51
R10-1	25.43	4.56	30.66	37.18	29.29	60.01	10.70
R10-2	25.62	5.17	25.85	39.72	30.19	59.16	10.65
R10-3	26.21	5.02	28.77	38.44	28.12	61.81	10.07
J10-1	25.15	3.76	22.80	33.84	37.68	43.76	18.56
J10-2	26.32	3.51	22.13	31.94	37.16	47.93	14.90
J10-3	25.76	3.66	22.90	32.04	39.14	44.79	16.07

Fig.5 Classification diagram of sandstone composition (base map from reference [34])

Fig.6 Microphotographs of sandstone from the bottom of Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos Basin

Table 2 Major element compositions of sandstone from the bottom of Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos Basin(%)

样品	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	MnO	TiO₂	P₂O₅	FeO	烧失量^*	Al₂O₃/ SiO₂	K₂O/ Na₂O	MgO+ Fe₂ $O 3 *$
R8-1	60.27	14.47	7.83	2.80	2.84	2.29	2.43	0.21	0.87	0.19	3.86	5.76	0.24	1.06	10.63
R9-3	60.46	14.67	5.31	1.69	5.02	2.80	2.51	0.13	0.66	0.25	2.45	6.46	0.24	0.90	7.00
R10-3	67.65	14.94	3.81	1.32	1.07	2.65	3.95	0.10	0.45	0.09	1.58	3.97	0.22	1.49	5.13
J8-2	57.27	14.95	7.71	3.61	4.01	3.34	2.58	0.12	1.20	0.52	5.98	4.64	0.26	0.77	11.32
J9-1	61.79	15.00	6.08	3.17	2.53	3.29	2.74	0.09	0.74	0.31	5.32	4.24	0.24	0.83	9.25
J10-1	61.70	15.11	5.60	2.48	2.97	2.82	2.82	0.17	0.71	0.32	1.07	5.27	0.24	1.00	8.08

Table 2 Major element compositions of sandstone from the bottom of Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos Basin(%)

样品	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	MnO	TiO₂	P₂O₅	FeO	烧失量^*	Al₂O₃/ SiO₂	K₂O/ Na₂O	MgO+ Fe₂ $O 3 *$
R8-1	60.27	14.47	7.83	2.80	2.84	2.29	2.43	0.21	0.87	0.19	3.86	5.76	0.24	1.06	10.63
R9-3	60.46	14.67	5.31	1.69	5.02	2.80	2.51	0.13	0.66	0.25	2.45	6.46	0.24	0.90	7.00
R10-3	67.65	14.94	3.81	1.32	1.07	2.65	3.95	0.10	0.45	0.09	1.58	3.97	0.22	1.49	5.13
J8-2	57.27	14.95	7.71	3.61	4.01	3.34	2.58	0.12	1.20	0.52	5.98	4.64	0.26	0.77	11.32
J9-1	61.79	15.00	6.08	3.17	2.53	3.29	2.74	0.09	0.74	0.31	5.32	4.24	0.24	0.83	9.25
J10-1	61.70	15.11	5.60	2.48	2.97	2.82	2.82	0.17	0.71	0.32	1.07	5.27	0.24	1.00	8.08

Table 3 Trace elements and REE compositions of sandstone from the bottom of Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos Basin (μg/g)

样品编号	Sc	V	Cr	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn	Rb	Cs	Pb	Th	U	Nb	Zr	Hf	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu
R8-1	19.90	144.00	101.00	21.20	35.30	18.30	112.00	74.70	2.30	27.50	16.10	2.98	15.00	192.00	6.58	67.80	125.00	15.20	15.00	9.61	1.66
R9-3	12.60	64.50	60.20	17.60	32.50	19.60	100.00	82.60	3.27	23.90	15.30	2.53	11.50	157.00	5.48	39.70	77.30	9.46	11.50	6.53	1.37
R10-3	9.68	86.80	40.50	12.50	18.90	7.61	62.50	104.00	2.61	26.90	8.41	1.61	8.56	94.10	3.43	34.20	71.10	8.00	8.56	5.81	1.44
J8-2	18.30	159.00	111.00	18.10	30.70	18.20	151.00	66.30	1.31	22.90	25.10	5.15	26.20	337.00	11.40	95.20	168.00	20.60	26.20	13.00	2.84
J9-1	13.60	93.90	70.90	18.90	34.70	39.50	125.00	88.00	3.03	25.10	11.10	2.48	14.80	140.00	4.95	45.70	87.70	10.50	14.80	7.28	1.77
J10-1	11.50	81.00	67.70	16.00	28.30	29.60	112.00	88.10	3.25	26.20	13.60	2.40	14.20	125.00	4.42	44.90	94.70	10.40	14.20	7.64	1.64
样品编号	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	Y	Rb/ Sr	La/ Y	La/ Sc	Zr/ Hf	Zr/ Th	Ti/ Zr	Sc/ Cr	∑REE	LREE/ HREE	δCe	δEu	La/ Yb
R8-1	6.86	1.12	5.81	1.07	3.37	0.54	3.56	0.51	28.60	0.34	2.37	3.41	29.18	11.93	15.45	0.19	257.10	10.25	0.90	0.59	19.04
R9-3	4.93	0.84	4.04	0.74	2.42	0.40	2.59	0.37	21.90	0.23	1.81	3.15	28.65	10.26	13.25	0.21	162.20	8.93	0.93	0.71	15.33
R10-3	4.08	0.71	3.59	0.67	2.06	0.31	2.07	0.28	18.10	0.59	1.89	3.53	27.43	11.19	45.03	0.24	142.90	9.37	1.00	0.86	16.52
J8-2	9.53	1.47	7.31	1.38	4.28	0.69	4.59	0.64	39.00	0.19	2.44	5.20	29.56	13.43	7.97	0.16	355.70	10.89	0.87	0.74	20.74
J9-1	5.29	0.85	4.17	0.79	2.38	0.39	2.56	0.34	22.40	0.31	2.04	3.36	28.28	12.61	27.78	0.19	184.50	10.01	0.93	0.83	17.85
J10-1	5.77	0.93	5.02	0.89	2.74	0.39	2.62	0.37	25.30	0.26	1.77	3.90	28.28	9.19	32.36	0.17	192.20	9.26	1.02	0.73	17.14

Fig.7 Trace-element spider diagram (a) and chondrite-normalized REE diagram (b) of the Yanchang Fm. sandstone in the southern Ordos Basin

Table 4 Provenance discrimination parameters and their coefficients for the sandstone samples

变量	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	常数
F1系数	-1.773	0.607	0.76	-1.5	0.616	0.509	-1.224	-9.090
F2系数	0.445	0.07	-0.25	-1.142	0.438	1.475	1.426	-6.861

Fig. 8 F1-F2 provenance discrimination diagrams (base map from reference [43])

Fig.9 La/Th-Hf (a) and La/Yb-∑REE (b) discrimination diagrams of sandstones from the bottom of Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos Basin

Fig.10 Dickinson diagram for sandstone components from the bottom of Yanchang Formation (base map from references [50-53])

Table 5 REE geochemical parameters of sandstones in different tectonic settings

构造背景	物源区类型	La/10^-6	Ce/10^-6	REE/10^-6	La/Yb	LREE/HREE	δEu
大洋岛弧	未切割的岩浆弧	8±1.7	19±3.7	58±10	4.2±1.3	3.8±0.9	1.04±0.11
大陆岛弧	切割的岩浆弧	27±4.5	59±8.2	146±20	11±3.6	7.7±1.7	0.79±0.13
活动大陆边缘	上隆的基底	37	78	186	12.5	9.1	0.6
被动大陆边缘	克拉通内构造高地	39	85	210	15.9	8.5	0.56

Fig.11 Trace elements tectonic discrimination diagram for the Yanchang Fm. sandstone (base map from reference [19])

Fig.12 REE patterns of the research area and surrounding paleo-continents

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