The Alteration Characteristics and Element Migration Law of the Jinchiling Gold Deposit, Shandong Province

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2019.05.10

Abstract

Abstract:

Jiaodong area,the most important gold province in China,is an area with concentration occurrence of large and super large gold deposits,the proved reserves in Jiaodong Peninsula account for nearly 1/3 of the country. Among them, the quartz vein type gold deposit is an important type of deposits in the area, and the Jinchiling gold deposit in Shandong is the representative of this type. Based on the detailed geologic observations in the field and indoor research, this paper found out the alteration type and mineral combination characteristics of the gold deposit, collected rock samples of different alteration types, conducted geochemical analysis of rock elements, and summarized the migration law of elements during hydrothermal alteration by using mass balance method. The surrounding rock of the deposit is granite, and the ore-bearing hydrothermal fluid surges along the fault, which has a strong alteration effect on the surrounding rock. This paper argues that the alteration types are mainly potash-alteration, silicification-sericitization and pyritization silicification-sericitization. The material exchange in the alteration process changes the composition of the fluid and so on. The fluid provides a large amount of SiO₂ to the altered rock. At the same time, the surrounding rock of the alteration process provides a large amount of K and Na to the fluid, which promotes the activation of Au in the fluid, causing the stability of AuH₃SiO₄ in the hydrothermal fluid to decrease, and causing the decomposition of AuH₃SiO₄, and then the Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ are consumed to form pyrite, resulting in gold mineralization.

Key words: hydrothermal alteration, mass balance, Jinchiling gold deposit, Jiaodong

CLC Number:

P618.51

GAO Jianwei, TENG Chao, ZHAO Guochun, LIU Wenqing, ZHOU Yi. The Alteration Characteristics and Element Migration Law of the Jinchiling Gold Deposit, Shandong Province[J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(05): 1036-1045.

Figures/Tables 10

References 31

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成分	二长花岗岩				钾长石化花岗岩					绢英岩				黄铁绢英岩
成分	JC16-1	JC23-13	均值		JC23-3	JC23-4	JC18-12	均值		JC16-5	JC18-10	均值		JC18-3	JC18-7	均值
SiO₂	72.91	70.28	71.60	73.41		74.23	73.54	73.73	73.88		72.24	73.06	67.02		79.28	73.15
TiO₂	0.154	0.252	0.203	0.138		0.028	0.076	0.081	0.078		0.170	0.124	0.110		0.078	0.094
Al₂O₃	14.79	16.38	15.58	13.98		14.21	14.08	14.09	13.84		14.70	14.27	10.92		7.39	9.16
Fe₂O₃	0.39	0.32	0.36	0.40		0.19	0.29	0.29	0.29		0.44	0.37	7.32		4.75	6.04
FeO	1.00	1.44	1.22	0.87		0.41	0.46	0.58	0.44		0.76	0.60	1.40		0.95	1.18
MgO	0.27	0.70	0.48	0.28		0.21	0.11	0.20	0.23		0.23	0.23	0.45		0.24	0.35
CaO	1.82	3.12	2.47	1.03		0.87	0.94	0.95	1.32		1.67	1.50	0.23		0.21	0.22
Na₂O	4.41	5.71	5.06	4.03		4.14	3.64	3.94	3.00		4.11	3.56	0.078		0.052	0.065
K₂O	3.69	1.02	2.36	4.41		4.54	5.97	4.97	5.04		4.13	4.56	2.42		2.26	2.34
MnO	0.031	0.039	0.035	0.029		0.024	0.030	0.028	0.039		0.034	0.037	0.014		0.015	0.015
P₂O₅	0.036	0.081	0.059	0.030		0.007	0.007	0.015	0.006		0.034	0.020	0.044		0.044	0.044
S									0.21		0.21	0.21	5.81		3.86	4.84
烧失量	0.23	0.28	0.26	1.13		0.82	0.61	0.85	1.64		1.15	1.40	5.01		3.81	4.41

成分	二长花岗岩				钾长石化花岗岩					绢英岩				黄铁绢英岩
成分	JC16-1	JC23-13	均值		JC23-3	JC23-4	JC18-12	均值		JC16-5	JC18-10	均值		JC18-3	JC18-7	均值
SiO₂	72.91	70.28	71.60	73.41		74.23	73.54	73.73	73.88		72.24	73.06	67.02		79.28	73.15
TiO₂	0.154	0.252	0.203	0.138		0.028	0.076	0.081	0.078		0.170	0.124	0.110		0.078	0.094
Al₂O₃	14.79	16.38	15.58	13.98		14.21	14.08	14.09	13.84		14.70	14.27	10.92		7.39	9.16
Fe₂O₃	0.39	0.32	0.36	0.40		0.19	0.29	0.29	0.29		0.44	0.37	7.32		4.75	6.04
FeO	1.00	1.44	1.22	0.87		0.41	0.46	0.58	0.44		0.76	0.60	1.40		0.95	1.18
MgO	0.27	0.70	0.48	0.28		0.21	0.11	0.20	0.23		0.23	0.23	0.45		0.24	0.35
CaO	1.82	3.12	2.47	1.03		0.87	0.94	0.95	1.32		1.67	1.50	0.23		0.21	0.22
Na₂O	4.41	5.71	5.06	4.03		4.14	3.64	3.94	3.00		4.11	3.56	0.078		0.052	0.065
K₂O	3.69	1.02	2.36	4.41		4.54	5.97	4.97	5.04		4.13	4.56	2.42		2.26	2.34
MnO	0.031	0.039	0.035	0.029		0.024	0.030	0.028	0.039		0.034	0.037	0.014		0.015	0.015
P₂O₅	0.036	0.081	0.059	0.030		0.007	0.007	0.015	0.006		0.034	0.020	0.044		0.044	0.044
S									0.21		0.21	0.21	5.81		3.86	4.84
烧失量	0.23	0.28	0.26	1.13		0.82	0.61	0.85	1.64		1.15	1.40	5.01		3.81	4.41

成分	二长花岗岩				钾长石化花岗岩					绢英岩				黄铁绢英岩
成分	JC16-1	JC23-13	均值		JC23-3	JC23-4	JC18-12	均值		JC16-5	JC18-10	均值		JC18-3	JC18-7	均值
Cr	2.81	6.29	4.55	2.07		4.45	3.24	3.25	2.27		2.27	2.27	6.79		5.95	6.37
Ni	1.84	6.52	4.18	1.83		3.62	2.25	2.57	1.34		1.38	1.36	3.28		2.57	2.93
Co	0.96	4.64	2.80	1.36		0.57	0.40	0.78	0.54		0.80	0.67	2.13		3.24	2.69
Rb	60.1	9.4	34.8	99.4		94.1	120	105	107		74.8	90.9	124		72.8	98.4
Cs	0.88	0.77	0.83	0.73		0.53	0.90	0.72	0.86		0.90	0.88	1.21		0.72	0.97
W	0.17	0.16	0.17	0.48		0.17	0.28	0.31	0.84		0.77	0.81	2.57		1.19	1.88
Cu	3.0	4.0	3.5	9.0		26	9.0	14.7	10		5.0	7.5	28		14	21.0
Zn	36	50	43	46		18	42	35	36		41	39	89		360	225
Mo	0.95	0.52	0.74	1.12		0.50	1.30	0.97	0.67		0.23	0.45	1.23		0.59	0.91
As	0.47	0.35	0.41	1.05		0.91	1.66	1.21	1.33		0.90	1.12	31.7		16.9	24.3
Pb	35	39	37	44		44	72	53	84		39	61.5	85		110	97.5
Sb	0.28	0.18	0.23	0.076		0.063	0.16	0.10	0.24		0.078	0.16	0.52		0.63	0.58
Bi	0.04	0.36	0.20	0.072		0.072	0.055	0.066	0.036		0.021	0.029	0.12		0.40	0.26
Hg	0.008 1	0.024 0	0.016 0	0.029 0		0.014 0	0.009 9	0.018 0	0.099 0		0.027 0	0.063 0	0.006 5		0.032 0	0.019 0
Sr	686	635	661	393		320	290	334	352		488	420	42.6		27.6	35.1
Ba	1 740	259	1 000	2 300		450	1 150	1 300	1 440		1 850	1 645	272		192	232
V	7.28	26.2	16.7	6.70		4.52	5.74	5.65	6.48		8.69	7.59	14.3		10.4	12.4
Nb	5.09	3.27	4.18	3.17		1.92	4.68	3.26	4.68		5.40	5.04	2.07		1.43	1.75
Ta	0.21	0.26	0.24	0.18		0.14	0.36	0.23	0.44		0.19	0.32	0.10		0.059	0.08
Zr	122	76.1	99.1	116		44.6	47.1	69.2	62		106	84.0	54.2		37.8	46.0
Hf	3.82	2.04	2.93	3.67		1.92	2.41	2.67	2.89		3.47	3.18	1.58		1.18	1.38
B	1.8	1.4	1.6	2.9		2.4	2.2	2.5	5.0		2.6	3.8	14.5		12	13.3
Ga	18.1	18.9	18.5	14.8		17.4	19.7	17.3	18.0		17.7	17.9	18.0		11.7	14.9
Au	0.004 3	0.001 6	0.003 0	0.013 0		0.005 2	0.007 6	0.009 0	0.003 5		0.023 0	0.013 0	2.43		1.38	1.91
Ag	0.035	0.037	0.036	0.059		0.068	0.12	0.082	0.086		0.037	0.062	16.9		9.58	13.2
U	0.86	0.20	0.53	0.64		1.66	4.26	2.19	0.72		0.82	0.77	0.54		0.50	0.52
Th	4.52	0.46	2.49	5.01		1.28	1.70	2.66	2.5		3.5	3.02	1.48		1.12	1.30
La	16.6	6.78	11.7	28.0		2.14	1.60	10.6	5.82		12.0	8.91	3.09		5.84	4.47
Y	3.47	4.54	4.01	2.58		1.84	1.79	2.07	2.27		3.05	2.66	0.85		1.23	1.04

成分	二长花岗岩				钾长石化花岗岩					绢英岩				黄铁绢英岩
成分	JC16-1	JC23-13	均值		JC23-3	JC23-4	JC18-12	均值		JC16-5	JC18-10	均值		JC18-3	JC18-7	均值
Cr	2.81	6.29	4.55	2.07		4.45	3.24	3.25	2.27		2.27	2.27	6.79		5.95	6.37
Ni	1.84	6.52	4.18	1.83		3.62	2.25	2.57	1.34		1.38	1.36	3.28		2.57	2.93
Co	0.96	4.64	2.80	1.36		0.57	0.40	0.78	0.54		0.80	0.67	2.13		3.24	2.69
Rb	60.1	9.4	34.8	99.4		94.1	120	105	107		74.8	90.9	124		72.8	98.4
Cs	0.88	0.77	0.83	0.73		0.53	0.90	0.72	0.86		0.90	0.88	1.21		0.72	0.97
W	0.17	0.16	0.17	0.48		0.17	0.28	0.31	0.84		0.77	0.81	2.57		1.19	1.88
Cu	3.0	4.0	3.5	9.0		26	9.0	14.7	10		5.0	7.5	28		14	21.0
Zn	36	50	43	46		18	42	35	36		41	39	89		360	225
Mo	0.95	0.52	0.74	1.12		0.50	1.30	0.97	0.67		0.23	0.45	1.23		0.59	0.91
As	0.47	0.35	0.41	1.05		0.91	1.66	1.21	1.33		0.90	1.12	31.7		16.9	24.3
Pb	35	39	37	44		44	72	53	84		39	61.5	85		110	97.5
Sb	0.28	0.18	0.23	0.076		0.063	0.16	0.10	0.24		0.078	0.16	0.52		0.63	0.58
Bi	0.04	0.36	0.20	0.072		0.072	0.055	0.066	0.036		0.021	0.029	0.12		0.40	0.26
Hg	0.008 1	0.024 0	0.016 0	0.029 0		0.014 0	0.009 9	0.018 0	0.099 0		0.027 0	0.063 0	0.006 5		0.032 0	0.019 0
Sr	686	635	661	393		320	290	334	352		488	420	42.6		27.6	35.1
Ba	1 740	259	1 000	2 300		450	1 150	1 300	1 440		1 850	1 645	272		192	232
V	7.28	26.2	16.7	6.70		4.52	5.74	5.65	6.48		8.69	7.59	14.3		10.4	12.4
Nb	5.09	3.27	4.18	3.17		1.92	4.68	3.26	4.68		5.40	5.04	2.07		1.43	1.75
Ta	0.21	0.26	0.24	0.18		0.14	0.36	0.23	0.44		0.19	0.32	0.10		0.059	0.08
Zr	122	76.1	99.1	116		44.6	47.1	69.2	62		106	84.0	54.2		37.8	46.0
Hf	3.82	2.04	2.93	3.67		1.92	2.41	2.67	2.89		3.47	3.18	1.58		1.18	1.38
B	1.8	1.4	1.6	2.9		2.4	2.2	2.5	5.0		2.6	3.8	14.5		12	13.3
Ga	18.1	18.9	18.5	14.8		17.4	19.7	17.3	18.0		17.7	17.9	18.0		11.7	14.9
Au	0.004 3	0.001 6	0.003 0	0.013 0		0.005 2	0.007 6	0.009 0	0.003 5		0.023 0	0.013 0	2.43		1.38	1.91
Ag	0.035	0.037	0.036	0.059		0.068	0.12	0.082	0.086		0.037	0.062	16.9		9.58	13.2
U	0.86	0.20	0.53	0.64		1.66	4.26	2.19	0.72		0.82	0.77	0.54		0.50	0.52
Th	4.52	0.46	2.49	5.01		1.28	1.70	2.66	2.5		3.5	3.02	1.48		1.12	1.30
La	16.6	6.78	11.7	28.0		2.14	1.60	10.6	5.82		12.0	8.91	3.09		5.84	4.47
Y	3.47	4.54	4.01	2.58		1.84	1.79	2.07	2.27		3.05	2.66	0.85		1.23	1.04

成分	T_i(原岩-钾化)	T_i(钾化- 绢英岩化)	T_i(绢英岩化- 黄铁绢英岩化)
SiO₂	0.14	-0.02	0.56
TiO₂	-0.56	0.52	0.18
Al₂O₃	0.00	0.00	0.00
Fe₂O₃	-0.09	0.23	24.80
FeO	-0.47	0.02	2.05
MgO	-0.54	0.14	1.34
CaO	-0.58	0.56	-0.77
Na₂O	-0.14	-0.11	-0.97
K₂O	1.34	-0.09	-0.20
MnO	-0.13	0.30	-0.38
P₂O₅	-0.72	0.35	2.43
S	0.00	0.20	34.90
烧失量	2.70	0.61	3.93