Upper Limit Variation of the Earth's Oblateness in Geological Epoch andImpact Analysis on the Dai Wensai's Nebular Hypothesis

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper, we present the variation of the Earth's oblateness in geological epoch and study the factors which affect this variation. The variation of the Earths oblateness can be used to understand the variation of the Earth's shape. A relationship among the oblateness, the average radius, the mass and the angular velocity of the Earth can be established or studied from Earth's oblateness formula which is derived from the special function of gravity potential theory. The oblateness and the maximum limitation of the oblateness in a geological epoch can be estimated from the average radius, the mass and the angular velocity of the Earth in the geological epoch. The variation of the oblateness in the geological epoch can be also estimated from the variation of the average radius, the mass and the angular velocity. The real Earth's oblateness in various geological epochs should be less than the calculated maximum limitation of the Earth's oblateness. Our study shows that the Earth's oblateness has had a trend of decrease as a form of pulsatile line since the formation of the Earth. The factors affecting on the variation of the Earth's oblateness include the average radius, the mass and the rotation angular velocity of the Earth. After carefully studying and calculating, we find that since 500 million years after the formation of the Earth, the average radius has caused almost 3% of the decrease of Earth's oblateness; the change of the mass has caused less than 3 millionth of decrease of Earth's oblateness; the angular velocity, the main factor affecting on the oblateness, has contributed more than 97% of the total decrease to the decrease about 74% of the Earth's oblateness.

Key words: variation of the Earth oblateness, average radius, mass, angular velocity

WANG Jun-Heng, ZHANG Yu-Ying, XIN Zhi-Xiang, LI Xin-Jun. Upper Limit Variation of the Earth's Oblateness in Geological Epoch andImpact Analysis on the Dai Wensai's Nebular Hypothesis[J]. Geoscience, 2012, 26(6): 1168-1174.

References

［1］Todhunter I. A History of the Mathematical Theories of Attraction and the Figure of the Earth from the Time of Newton to that of Laplace[M]. London:Macmillan, 1873:476.
［2］Levallois J J. Mesurer la Terre:300 ans de géodésie francaise:de la toise du chtelet au satellite[M]. Paris:Presses de IEcole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1988:1-389.
［3］张承志. 地球的动力学扁率[J].南京大学学报：自然科学版, 2000, 36 (3):323-327.
［4］傅承义. 地球十讲[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1976：10-20.
［5］夏一飞. 地球动力学扁率及其与岁差章动的关系[J]. 天文学进展, 2000, 18(4): 283-290.
［6］曾华霖. 重力场与重力勘探[M]. 北京: 地质出版社,2005：7-30.
［7］Chebanenko I I, Fedorin la V. The change in Earth oblateness and its temporal connection with the geotectonic cycles in the Phanerozoic Period[J]. Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Doklady,1984, 274(4): 907-909.
［8］Dziewonski A M, Anderson D L. Preliminary reference Earth model[J]. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1981, 25: 297-356.
［9］王晨阳. 地球形成过程中吸积能的计算与分析[D]. 北京：中国地质大学(北京), 2008: 26.
［10］王君恒, 郭雷, 王健楠, 等. 地球扁率在其历史上的变化[J].地球物理学进展, 2010, 25(1): 143-150.
［11］张少泉. 地球物理学概论[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 1987：126-133.
［12］Sternberg W J, Smith T L. The Theory of Potential and Spherical Harmonics (Mathematical Expositions) [M].Toronto:The University of Toronto, 1944：70-80.
［13］戴文赛, 陈道汉. 太阳系起源各种学说的评价[J]. 天文学报, 1976, 17(1): 93-105.
［14］腾吉文, 张中杰, 白武明, 等. 岩石圈物理学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004：567-570.
［15］Cameron A G W, Canup R M. The giant impact occurred during earth accretion[J].Lunar and Planetary Science, 1998, XXIX: 1062-1063.
［16］Hallid A N, Drake M J. Colliding theories: origin of earth and moon[J]. Science, 1999, 283: 1861-1863.
［17］Ida S, Canup R M, Stewart G R. Lunar accretion from an impact-generated disk[J]. Nature, 1997, 389: 353-357.
［18］周瑶琪, 宋晓东, 张欣，等. 月球的起源与地球内部结构极早期演化[J]. 地学前缘, 2002, 9(3): 31-40.
［19］Elphic R C. Lunar Fe and Ti abundances: comparison of lunar prospector and Clementine data[J]. Science, 1998, 281: 1493-1496.
［20］Zhou Y. Numerical simulation of Earths material differential and volume increase[J]. CAST Annual Meeting, 1999,1:30-35.
［21］陈志耕. 地球有限膨胀演化模型[J]. 科学通报, 1999, 44 (9): 912-920.
［22］Owen H G. Has the Earth increased in size? [M]//Chattergee S, Hotton Ⅲ N. New Concept in Global Tectonics. Lubbock, USA: Tex Univ Press,1992:289-296.
［23］牛来正夫. 地球的膨胀[J]. 世界地质, 1987, 6(1): 22-35.
［24］Egyed L. A new theory on the internal constitution of the Earth and its geological geophysical consequences[J]. Acta Geol Acad Science Hung, 1956, 4: 43-47.
［25］Carey S W. A Tectonic Approach to Continental Drift: A Symposium[M]. Tasmania: University of Tasmania, 1958： 90-100.
［26］Cox A, Doell R R. Palaeomagnetic evidence relevant to a change in the earths radius[J]. Nature, 1961, 189: 45-49.
［27］Heezen B C. The rife in the ocean floor[J]. Science America, 1960,203: 98-101.
［28］陈志耕. 膨胀地球基本参数的初值及其平均变化率[J].地球物理学报. 1990, 33 (5): 611-618.
［29］戴文赛. 太阳系演化学(上册) [M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979:6-20.
［30］戴文赛, 胡中为. 论太阳系的起源[J]. 中国科学：数学,1980(3):254-280.
［31］C W艾伦. 物理量和天体物理量[J]. 杨建，译.上海: 上海人民出版社, 1976: 140-141.
［32］Dickey J O, Marcus S L, de Viron O, et al. Recent Earth oblateness variations: Unraveling climate and postglacial rebound effects[J]. Science, 2002, 286: 1975-1977.
［33］李啸虎. 人类认识大地形状三部曲[J]. 科学技术与辩证法, 2000, 17(5): 47-48.
［34］腾吉文. 固体地球物理学概论[M]. 北京: 地震出版社,1996：20-70.
［35］郝家璋. 地球驻波膨胀说——与板块学说的争论[M]. 北京:中国大地出版社, 2005：17-80.

[1]	HOU Tingting, YAO Yuzeng, FU Jianfei, LIU Jing, ZHANG Yongli, GUO Rongrong. Study of the Characteristics of Mass Transfer During the Ore-forming Process of High-grade Iron Ore in the Gongchangling Iron Deposit, Liaoning [J]. Geoscience, 2024, 38(01): 56-67.
[2]	LI Sumei, XU Tianwu, SHI Quan, ZHANG Yunxian, WU Jianxun, KE Changwei. Distribution and Application of Nitrogen and Oxygen Containing Compounds in the Saline Lacustrine Oils from the Dongpu Sag [J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(06): 1137-1150.
[3]	GAO Jianwei, TENG Chao, ZHAO Guochun, LIU Wenqing, ZHOU Yi. The Alteration Characteristics and Element Migration Law of the Jinchiling Gold Deposit, Shandong Province [J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(05): 1036-1045.
[4]	XU Tianwu, LI Sumei, ZHANG Hongan, ZHANG Yunxian, WU Jianxun, SHI Quan, CHEN Xiangfei, JI Hong, WAN Zhonghua. Characteristics and Significance of Organic Sulfur Compounds in the Crude Oils from the Dongpu Sag [J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(03): 629-642.
[5]	LIU Yuyan, ZHOU Jingyao, MA Shaoqiang, CHEN Jiawei. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) on Hydrochars and the Effect of Hydrothermal Time [J]. Geoscience, 2017, 31(05): 1039-1045.
[6]	WANG Yushan, LI Shu, MENG Ying, CHENG Xuxue. Study on the Salinization Mechanism of Shallow Groundwater along the Upstream Qingshui River in Ningxia [J]. Geoscience, 2017, 31(01): 191-199.
[7]	. The Rock Geochemical Exploration and Metallogenic Prediction in the Layikeleke Porphyry Copper Deposit，Eastern Junggar，Xinjiang [J]. Geoscience, 2016, 30(3): 503-513.
[8]	JI Feng，ZHENG Luo-bing，ZHOU Chun-hong. Assessment Methods for Rock Mass Quality Classification in Tunnel under High Water Pressure at Great Depth in Jinping Ⅱ Hydropower Station,Sichuan [J]. Geoscience, 2015, 29(2): 428-433.
[9]	LE Qi-lang，CAI Ling-ling，WANG Hong-de，GAO You-long. Comprehensive Monitoring of Failure Process and Danger Forecast of the Wangxia Unstable Rock Mass in the Three Gorges Reservoir [J]. Geoscience, 2014, 28(5): 1087-1095.
[10]	ZHANG Li-li, WANG Yun, ZHANG Xin, WANG Yun, YU Qing-chun. Determination of the REV for Fractured Rock Mass of the Low Ductility [J]. Geoscience, 2013, 27(3): 743-749.
[11]	JIAO Jian-gang, LU Hao, SUN Ya-li, HUANG Xi-feng, DUAN Jun. Re-Os Dating for Derni Cu(Zn-Co) Ore Deposit in Qinghai Province, China and Its Geological Implication [J]. Geoscience, 2013, 27(3): 577-584.
[12]	LI Jian-Guo, DIAO Bin, SUN Shao-Wei, ZHOU Xin-Feng, SUN Yuan, SONG Li-Fang, HUANG Qin, XIANG Biao, XIAO Hun. Application of Seismic First Arrival Tomographic Inversion on the Exploration of Polymetallic Mine [J]. Geoscience, 2012, 26(6): 1218-1224.
[13]	GONG Qiang-Jie, ZHOU Lian-Zhuang, HU Yang, YAN Lei, ZHANG Han-Ai, GU Yu-Jie. Element Transfer Behaviors and Its Application During Lamprophyre Alteration in the Linglong Gold Deposit, Jiaodong Peninsula, China [J]. Geoscience, 2012, 26(5): 1065-1077.
[14]	ZHANG Yan, NIU Bin-Hua, SUN Chun-Yan, GUO Ji-Liang, SUN Xun. Density Inversion of Typical Watersaturated Sandstones with Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Multidimensional Space [J]. Geoscience, 2011, 25(6): 1174-1179.
[15]	WEN Yu-Bo, YANG Zhong-Fang, XIA Xue-Qi, CHENG Xin-Bin. Geochemical Characteristics and Sources Identification of Atmospheric Particles in Southern Song-Nen Plain in Heilongjiang Province [J]. Geoscience, 2010, 24(4): 807-815.