Characteristics and Significance of Organic Sulfur Compounds in the Crude Oils from the Dongpu Sag

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2019.03.15

Abstract

Abstract:

Heteroatomic compounds in saline lacustrine in the Dongpu Sag are weakly documented. ESI FT-ICR MS combined with GC/MS were utilized to reveal sulfur compounds in the saline and freshwater lacustrine oils in the sag. Abundant sulfur compounds were detected and dominated by S₁ and O₁S₁class species. It was observed that the saline lacustrine oils are relatively enriched in S₁ species while the freshwater lacustrine oils are abundant in O₁S₁ species, indicating the ratio of O₁S₁/S₁ is indicative of organofacies of source rocks. The saline lacustrine immature oils are composed of mainly sulfur compounds with carbon number to be C₂₇-C₃₅ and C₄₀,which is coincide with the carbon number of steroids, hopanoids and β-carotane, suggesting micro-organisms such as algas and bacterium as well as chromatophore to be important organic matter inputs when source rocks deposited. With increasing maturity, the DBE (double bond equivalent) values increased whereas the carbon number range of alkyl substitued decreased, and several relevant parameters were suggested to be maturity indicative. The saline immature oils are dominated by sulfur compounds with relatively low thermal stability, suggesting degradation of S-containing kerogen and/or sulfurous macromolecule under low temperature is one of the most important genetic mechanisms of immature oils in the area studied.

Key words: Dongpu Sag, saline lacustrine oil, sulfur compounds, high resolution mass

CLC Number:

TE133

XU Tianwu, LI Sumei, ZHANG Hongan, ZHANG Yunxian, WU Jianxun, SHI Quan, CHEN Xiangfei, JI Hong, WAN Zhonghua. Characteristics and Significance of Organic Sulfur Compounds in the Crude Oils from the Dongpu Sag[J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(03): 629-642.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Total ion chromatograms (TIC) of saturate from partial crude oils analyzed

Table 1 Basic geochemical characteristics for the crude oils analyzed

地区	井号	井深/m	层位	饱/%	芳/%	非/%	沥/%	饱/芳	非/沥	CPI	OEP	Pr/ Ph	G/ C₃₀	C₂₉20S	C₂₉αββ	Ts/ (Ts+Tm)	重排甾烷/ 规则甾烷	甾烷/ 藿烷	C₃₅/C₃₄- 藿烷
	Pu1-120	2 241.4~2 408.4	Es₁	57.3	20.9	8.4	13.3	2.74	0.63	0.93	1.07	0.41	0.74	0.31	0.29	0.27	0.11	2.65	1.26
濮卫	Min85	1 612.2~1 630	Es₂	51.7	24.1	8.9	15.3	2.14	0.58	0.92	0.91	0.39	0.73	0.32	0.28	0.24	0.11	2.30	1.64
	Wei77-10	2 734~2 799	Es₄-T	40.6	17.1	7.3	34.9	2.37	0.21	0.90	0.92	0.42	0.73	0.33	0.28	0.22	0.11	2.37	1.60
(盐湖)	Pu7-18	3 233.5~3 517	E $s 3 z$	45.4	46.0	3.8	4.8	0.99	0.79	0.96	0.88	0.50	0.54	0.46	0.37	0.30	0.14	2.26	1.15
	Wei42-26	3 451~3 466.6	E $s 3 z$	56.4	21.8	2.3	19.5	2.59	0.12	0.98	0.90	0.62	0.54	0.43	0.33	0.25	0.13	1.37	0.78
	Wei42-21	3 660~3 716.8	E $s 3 z$	52.8	10.5	3.5	33.2	5.03	0.11	0.98	0.90	0.62	0.45	0.49	0.39	0.26	0.18	1.05	0.79
	PuShen20	4 329.5~4 556.1	E $s 3 z$	79.5	14.5	2.7	3.3	5.49	0.83	1.00	0.97	0.63	0.78	0.60	0.55	0.49	0.29	3.36	1.24
	PS18	3 886.4~4 237.1	E $s 3 z$	90.9	6.5	1.8	0.7	13.94	2.50	0.96	0.94	0.52	0.77	0.55	0.60	0.66	0.46	3.66	1.44
柳屯	PS18-2	4 167~4 207.3	E $s 3 z$	90.7	6.5	2.3	0.6	13.96	4.00	0.96	1.00	0.54	2.23	0.46	0.69	0.73	0.86	3.34	0.32
(盐湖)	Hu96-3	4 039.3~4 105.5	E $s 3 z$	91.6	5.1	1.5	1.8	17.93	0.80	0.93	0.94	0.49	1.20	0.58	0.62	0.39	0.64	2.76	-
	Wen13-319	3 417.4~3 689.5	E $s 3 z$	74.7	21.3	1.2	2.8	3.50	0.43	1.01	1.01	0.49	0.57	0.53	0.51	0.42	0.30	1.41	1.27
	Wen138-10	2 919.1~2 942.4	Es₁	53.4	16.6	28.5	1.6	3.22	18.33	0.97	0.85	0.20	0.93	0.24	0.21	0.11	0.08	2.16	1.11
	Wen25-98	2 326.4~2 405.6	Es₂	66.1	24.0	4.3	5.6	2.75	0.77	1.01	1.07	0.44	0.56	0.40	0.36	0.26	0.11	2.06	1.11
	Wen13-429	3 282.1~3 288.1	E $s 3 s$	76.7	15.3	1.9	6.1	5.03	0.31	0.95	1.03	0.41	0.81	0.48	0.40	0.32	0.13	1.64	0.97
文留	Wen92-60	2 673~2 824	E $s 3 s$	72.4	20.1	2.8	4.7	3.60	0.60	0.93	1.01	0.43	0.87	0.40	0.36	0.29	0.12	2.20	1.13
(盐湖)	Wen203-10	3 275.3~3 771.9	E $s 3 z$	86.3	10.4	0.6	2.7	8.26	0.22	0.97	1.00	0.53	0.61	0.57	0.55	0.47	0.29	1.53	1.15
	Wen203-63	4 360.6~4 414.4	E $s 3 z$	95.0	3.6	0.3	1.2	26.75	0.25	0.99	1.07	0.61	2.38	0.67	0.64	0.68	0.52	2.52	-
	Wen88-59	3 515.1~3 877.5	E $s 3 z$	77.6	13.9	4.9	3.6	5.57	1.36	0.97	1.09	0.72	0.75	0.53	0.55	0.51	0.37	1.72	1.29
	Wen13-281	3 377.3~3 453.3	E $s 3 z$	84.0	12.0	0.4	3.6	7.00	0.13	0.97	1.01	0.53	0.54	0.54	0.53	0.39	0.29	1.29	1.15
	Wen203-44	3 788.1~3 792.8	E $s 3 x$	89.6	6.5	3.2	0.7	13.89	4.50	1.00	0.98	0.64	1.72	0.54	0.69	0.77	0.78	2.16	0.73
	Wen203-58	3 770.6~4 081.9	E $s 3 z$	85.5	6.4	2.1	6.0	13.40	0.36	0.96	1.02	0.53	1.06	0.40	0.67	0.48	0.27	2.60	1.39
	Wen72-53	3 273.4~3 527	E $s 3 z$	65.8	17.1	11.8	5.3	3.85	2.25	0.94	0.99	0.37	0.70	0.49	0.42	0.31	0.17	1.72	1.08
	Ma19-30^*	2 848.4~2 900.6	E $s 3 z$	84.3	12.8	2.1	0.9	6.60	2.50	1.04	1.03	1.19	0.22	0.52	0.48	0.42	0.28	1.05	0.75
南部	Ma82-4	3 125.5~3 379.1	E $s 3 x$	66.7	12.8	14.1	6.4	5.20	2.20	1.01	0.95	1.24	0.19	0.50	0.44	0.40	0.25	0.84	0.66
(淡水湖)	C9-24	3 012.8~3 067.8	E $s 3 x$	57.3	20.9	8.4	13.3	2.74	0.63	1.04	0.98	1.19	0.25	0.48	0.41	0.37	0.18	0.94	0.66

Table 1 Basic geochemical characteristics for the crude oils analyzed

地区	井号	井深/m	层位	饱/%	芳/%	非/%	沥/%	饱/芳	非/沥	CPI	OEP	Pr/ Ph	G/ C₃₀	C₂₉20S	C₂₉αββ	Ts/ (Ts+Tm)	重排甾烷/ 规则甾烷	甾烷/ 藿烷	C₃₅/C₃₄- 藿烷
	Pu1-120	2 241.4~2 408.4	Es₁	57.3	20.9	8.4	13.3	2.74	0.63	0.93	1.07	0.41	0.74	0.31	0.29	0.27	0.11	2.65	1.26
濮卫	Min85	1 612.2~1 630	Es₂	51.7	24.1	8.9	15.3	2.14	0.58	0.92	0.91	0.39	0.73	0.32	0.28	0.24	0.11	2.30	1.64
	Wei77-10	2 734~2 799	Es₄-T	40.6	17.1	7.3	34.9	2.37	0.21	0.90	0.92	0.42	0.73	0.33	0.28	0.22	0.11	2.37	1.60
(盐湖)	Pu7-18	3 233.5~3 517	E $s 3 z$	45.4	46.0	3.8	4.8	0.99	0.79	0.96	0.88	0.50	0.54	0.46	0.37	0.30	0.14	2.26	1.15
	Wei42-26	3 451~3 466.6	E $s 3 z$	56.4	21.8	2.3	19.5	2.59	0.12	0.98	0.90	0.62	0.54	0.43	0.33	0.25	0.13	1.37	0.78
	Wei42-21	3 660~3 716.8	E $s 3 z$	52.8	10.5	3.5	33.2	5.03	0.11	0.98	0.90	0.62	0.45	0.49	0.39	0.26	0.18	1.05	0.79
	PuShen20	4 329.5~4 556.1	E $s 3 z$	79.5	14.5	2.7	3.3	5.49	0.83	1.00	0.97	0.63	0.78	0.60	0.55	0.49	0.29	3.36	1.24
	PS18	3 886.4~4 237.1	E $s 3 z$	90.9	6.5	1.8	0.7	13.94	2.50	0.96	0.94	0.52	0.77	0.55	0.60	0.66	0.46	3.66	1.44
柳屯	PS18-2	4 167~4 207.3	E $s 3 z$	90.7	6.5	2.3	0.6	13.96	4.00	0.96	1.00	0.54	2.23	0.46	0.69	0.73	0.86	3.34	0.32
(盐湖)	Hu96-3	4 039.3~4 105.5	E $s 3 z$	91.6	5.1	1.5	1.8	17.93	0.80	0.93	0.94	0.49	1.20	0.58	0.62	0.39	0.64	2.76	-
	Wen13-319	3 417.4~3 689.5	E $s 3 z$	74.7	21.3	1.2	2.8	3.50	0.43	1.01	1.01	0.49	0.57	0.53	0.51	0.42	0.30	1.41	1.27
	Wen138-10	2 919.1~2 942.4	Es₁	53.4	16.6	28.5	1.6	3.22	18.33	0.97	0.85	0.20	0.93	0.24	0.21	0.11	0.08	2.16	1.11
	Wen25-98	2 326.4~2 405.6	Es₂	66.1	24.0	4.3	5.6	2.75	0.77	1.01	1.07	0.44	0.56	0.40	0.36	0.26	0.11	2.06	1.11
	Wen13-429	3 282.1~3 288.1	E $s 3 s$	76.7	15.3	1.9	6.1	5.03	0.31	0.95	1.03	0.41	0.81	0.48	0.40	0.32	0.13	1.64	0.97
文留	Wen92-60	2 673~2 824	E $s 3 s$	72.4	20.1	2.8	4.7	3.60	0.60	0.93	1.01	0.43	0.87	0.40	0.36	0.29	0.12	2.20	1.13
(盐湖)	Wen203-10	3 275.3~3 771.9	E $s 3 z$	86.3	10.4	0.6	2.7	8.26	0.22	0.97	1.00	0.53	0.61	0.57	0.55	0.47	0.29	1.53	1.15
	Wen203-63	4 360.6~4 414.4	E $s 3 z$	95.0	3.6	0.3	1.2	26.75	0.25	0.99	1.07	0.61	2.38	0.67	0.64	0.68	0.52	2.52	-
	Wen88-59	3 515.1~3 877.5	E $s 3 z$	77.6	13.9	4.9	3.6	5.57	1.36	0.97	1.09	0.72	0.75	0.53	0.55	0.51	0.37	1.72	1.29
	Wen13-281	3 377.3~3 453.3	E $s 3 z$	84.0	12.0	0.4	3.6	7.00	0.13	0.97	1.01	0.53	0.54	0.54	0.53	0.39	0.29	1.29	1.15
	Wen203-44	3 788.1~3 792.8	E $s 3 x$	89.6	6.5	3.2	0.7	13.89	4.50	1.00	0.98	0.64	1.72	0.54	0.69	0.77	0.78	2.16	0.73
	Wen203-58	3 770.6~4 081.9	E $s 3 z$	85.5	6.4	2.1	6.0	13.40	0.36	0.96	1.02	0.53	1.06	0.40	0.67	0.48	0.27	2.60	1.39
	Wen72-53	3 273.4~3 527	E $s 3 z$	65.8	17.1	11.8	5.3	3.85	2.25	0.94	0.99	0.37	0.70	0.49	0.42	0.31	0.17	1.72	1.08
	Ma19-30^*	2 848.4~2 900.6	E $s 3 z$	84.3	12.8	2.1	0.9	6.60	2.50	1.04	1.03	1.19	0.22	0.52	0.48	0.42	0.28	1.05	0.75
南部	Ma82-4	3 125.5~3 379.1	E $s 3 x$	66.7	12.8	14.1	6.4	5.20	2.20	1.01	0.95	1.24	0.19	0.50	0.44	0.40	0.25	0.84	0.66
(淡水湖)	C9-24	3 012.8~3 067.8	E $s 3 x$	57.3	20.9	8.4	13.3	2.74	0.63	1.04	0.98	1.19	0.25	0.48	0.41	0.37	0.18	0.94	0.66

Fig. 2 Mass chromatograms of m/z 217and m/z 191 of saturates for partial crude oils

Fig.3 Heteroatom class (number of heteroatoms) distribution of methylated oils derived from a positive-ion ESI FT-ICR MS spectrum

Table 2 Basic ESI FT-ICR MS parametres for the oils analyzed

井号	层位
Pu1-120	Es₁	1.11	1.83	9.78	2.63	0.19	3.1	77.24	4.12	0.13	5.37	1.66	4.41	12.28	9.68	8.48	2.65	1.01	1.31
Min85	Es₂	0.02	0.13	6.4	3.7	0.38	4.62	77.91	6.83	0.08	7.46	2.37	6.21	20.72	13.83	3.54	2.09	1.53	1.42
Wei77-10	Es₄-T	0.15	0.67	10.34	3.23	0.44	15.28	63.56	6.34	0.16	6.06	2.03	5.59	15.61	9.45	4.87	1.95	1.33	1.56
Pu7-18	E $s 3 z$	0.01	0.49	12.88	0.39	0	1.58	82.68	1.98	0.16	3.41	1.77	3.45	8.16	4.83	3.38	2.05	1.43	1.31
Wei42-26	E $s 3 z$	0.02	1.62	58.67	0.95	0.08	1.19	37.23	0.24	1.58	6.19	1.82	3.69	11.69	14.47	2.87	2.35	1.38	1.02
Wei42-21	E $s 3 z$	0	5.35	73.95	0	0.09	0	20.60	0	3.59	6.13	1.94	3.92	13.3	13.64	1.28	1.69	1.65	1.04
PS20	E $s 3 z$	0.33	0	2.32	0	0	0	97.14	0.22	0.02	1.51	0.91	1.75	3.62	1.63	1.61	1.46	1.86	1.81
PS18	E $s 3 z$	0	0.15	11.99	0.03	0.07	0	87.34	0.43	0.14	0.60	0.40	0.71	1.60	0.60	1.35	1.22	1.85	2.00
PS18-2	E $s 3 z$	0	0.17	14.48	0.13	0.1	0	85.12	0	0.17	0.27	0.18	0.28	0.66	0.34	1.11	1.72	2.03	1.83
Hu96-3	E $s 3 z$	0	0.15	31.16	0	0.17	0	67.54	0.97	0.46	0.07	0.09	0.12	0.23	0.00	-	-	-	2.25
Wen13-319	E $s 3 z$	0.02	1.38	48.58	0.08	0	0	48.96	0.98	0.99	3.21	1.31	2.49	5.64	5.78	1.54	1.76	1.81	1.29
Wen138-10	Es₁	0.79	2.04	16.74	4.61	0.31	12.43	62.51	0.58	0.27	20.9	3.01	10.78	76.33	92.58	7.42	8.02	1.49	0.71
Wen25-98	Es₂	0.01	0.82	52.19	2.18	0.63	0.85	41.85	1.47	1.25	2.71	1.31	3.09	6.55	3.01	2.66	2.54	1.63	1.41
Wen13-429	E $s 3 s$	0.45	0.54	6.39	0.1	0.04	0.02	90.34	2.11	0.07	3.47	1.46	3.19	7.89	5.33	3.65	1.88	1.21	1.34
Wen92-60	E $s 3 s$	0	0.39	16.4	0.28	0	0.81	79.63	2.49	0.21	3.12	1.61	3.32	8.43	3.84	2.15	2.31	1.48	1.24
Wen203-10	E $s 3 z$	0.46	0.39	24.55	0.01	0	0	73.16	1.42	0.34	1.81	0.99	1.85	3.75	2.43	1.60	1.62	1.65	1.59
Wen203-63	E $s 3 z$	0.03	0.19	21.54	0	0.12	0	78.09	0.03	0.28	0.72	0.55	0.68	1.38	1.04	1.67	1.87	2.59	2.32
Wen88-59	E $s 3 z$	0	0.07	13.47	0	0.03	0.24	85.18	1.02	0.16	1.26	0.88	1.62	3.41	0.99	1.30	1.29	1.77	1.80
Wen13-281	E $s 3 z$	0	0.68	16.27	0.01	0	0.01	80.99	2.04	0.20	2.13	1.30	2.43	5.20	2.42	1.51	1.79	1.84	1.49
Wen203-44	E $s 3 x$	0.02	0	22.59	0	0	0	75.77	1.62	0.30	0.46	0.38	0.58	1.25	0.40	0.79	1.32	2.07	1.64
Wen203-58	E $s 3 z$	0	0.04	17.86	0	0.02	0.24	81.49	0.36	0.22	1.32	0.88	1.50	3.23	1.46	1.52	2.25	1.98	1.20
Wen72-53	E $s 3 z$	1.05	2.04	20.49	0.51	0.08	0.38	73.46	1.98	0.28	9.10	2.07	4.53	14.19	24.91	3.29	2.67	1.34	0.95
Ma19-30	E $s 3 z$	0	1.14	43.61	0.02	0.04	0	55.13	0.06	0.79	0.72	0.72	1.03	2.30	0.37	1.01	1.15	1.66	1.70
Ma82-4	E $s 3 x$	0	0.55	35.6	0	0.03	0	63.8	0.02	0.56	0.88	0.88	1.30	2.65	0.42	0.93	0.99	1.28	1.23
C9-24	E $s 3 x$	0	1.97	96.19	0	0.04	0	1.81	0.00	53.25	0.69	0.30	1.03	0.51	0.53	-	-	-	-

Table 2 Basic ESI FT-ICR MS parametres for the oils analyzed

井号	层位
Pu1-120	Es₁	1.11	1.83	9.78	2.63	0.19	3.1	77.24	4.12	0.13	5.37	1.66	4.41	12.28	9.68	8.48	2.65	1.01	1.31
Min85	Es₂	0.02	0.13	6.4	3.7	0.38	4.62	77.91	6.83	0.08	7.46	2.37	6.21	20.72	13.83	3.54	2.09	1.53	1.42
Wei77-10	Es₄-T	0.15	0.67	10.34	3.23	0.44	15.28	63.56	6.34	0.16	6.06	2.03	5.59	15.61	9.45	4.87	1.95	1.33	1.56
Pu7-18	E $s 3 z$	0.01	0.49	12.88	0.39	0	1.58	82.68	1.98	0.16	3.41	1.77	3.45	8.16	4.83	3.38	2.05	1.43	1.31
Wei42-26	E $s 3 z$	0.02	1.62	58.67	0.95	0.08	1.19	37.23	0.24	1.58	6.19	1.82	3.69	11.69	14.47	2.87	2.35	1.38	1.02
Wei42-21	E $s 3 z$	0	5.35	73.95	0	0.09	0	20.60	0	3.59	6.13	1.94	3.92	13.3	13.64	1.28	1.69	1.65	1.04
PS20	E $s 3 z$	0.33	0	2.32	0	0	0	97.14	0.22	0.02	1.51	0.91	1.75	3.62	1.63	1.61	1.46	1.86	1.81
PS18	E $s 3 z$	0	0.15	11.99	0.03	0.07	0	87.34	0.43	0.14	0.60	0.40	0.71	1.60	0.60	1.35	1.22	1.85	2.00
PS18-2	E $s 3 z$	0	0.17	14.48	0.13	0.1	0	85.12	0	0.17	0.27	0.18	0.28	0.66	0.34	1.11	1.72	2.03	1.83
Hu96-3	E $s 3 z$	0	0.15	31.16	0	0.17	0	67.54	0.97	0.46	0.07	0.09	0.12	0.23	0.00	-	-	-	2.25
Wen13-319	E $s 3 z$	0.02	1.38	48.58	0.08	0	0	48.96	0.98	0.99	3.21	1.31	2.49	5.64	5.78	1.54	1.76	1.81	1.29
Wen138-10	Es₁	0.79	2.04	16.74	4.61	0.31	12.43	62.51	0.58	0.27	20.9	3.01	10.78	76.33	92.58	7.42	8.02	1.49	0.71
Wen25-98	Es₂	0.01	0.82	52.19	2.18	0.63	0.85	41.85	1.47	1.25	2.71	1.31	3.09	6.55	3.01	2.66	2.54	1.63	1.41
Wen13-429	E $s 3 s$	0.45	0.54	6.39	0.1	0.04	0.02	90.34	2.11	0.07	3.47	1.46	3.19	7.89	5.33	3.65	1.88	1.21	1.34
Wen92-60	E $s 3 s$	0	0.39	16.4	0.28	0	0.81	79.63	2.49	0.21	3.12	1.61	3.32	8.43	3.84	2.15	2.31	1.48	1.24
Wen203-10	E $s 3 z$	0.46	0.39	24.55	0.01	0	0	73.16	1.42	0.34	1.81	0.99	1.85	3.75	2.43	1.60	1.62	1.65	1.59
Wen203-63	E $s 3 z$	0.03	0.19	21.54	0	0.12	0	78.09	0.03	0.28	0.72	0.55	0.68	1.38	1.04	1.67	1.87	2.59	2.32
Wen88-59	E $s 3 z$	0	0.07	13.47	0	0.03	0.24	85.18	1.02	0.16	1.26	0.88	1.62	3.41	0.99	1.30	1.29	1.77	1.80
Wen13-281	E $s 3 z$	0	0.68	16.27	0.01	0	0.01	80.99	2.04	0.20	2.13	1.30	2.43	5.20	2.42	1.51	1.79	1.84	1.49
Wen203-44	E $s 3 x$	0.02	0	22.59	0	0	0	75.77	1.62	0.30	0.46	0.38	0.58	1.25	0.40	0.79	1.32	2.07	1.64
Wen203-58	E $s 3 z$	0	0.04	17.86	0	0.02	0.24	81.49	0.36	0.22	1.32	0.88	1.50	3.23	1.46	1.52	2.25	1.98	1.20
Wen72-53	E $s 3 z$	1.05	2.04	20.49	0.51	0.08	0.38	73.46	1.98	0.28	9.10	2.07	4.53	14.19	24.91	3.29	2.67	1.34	0.95
Ma19-30	E $s 3 z$	0	1.14	43.61	0.02	0.04	0	55.13	0.06	0.79	0.72	0.72	1.03	2.30	0.37	1.01	1.15	1.66	1.70
Ma82-4	E $s 3 x$	0	0.55	35.6	0	0.03	0	63.8	0.02	0.56	0.88	0.88	1.30	2.65	0.42	0.93	0.99	1.28	1.23
C9-24	E $s 3 x$	0	1.97	96.19	0	0.04	0	1.81	0.00	53.25	0.69	0.30	1.03	0.51	0.53	-	-	-	-

Fig.4 Correlationship of ESI FT-ICR MS parameters with GC-MS parameters

Fig.5 Plots of DBE versus the carbon number for the S1 class species in methylated Dongpu oils from the positive-ion ESI FT-ICR MS (left). The largest dot corresponds to the most abundant monosulfur species in the sample. Relative distribution of the S1 species with varying DBE values of oils (right)

Fig.6 Distribution patterns of S1 class species with DBE values of 3, 6, 9 and 12 in the oils

Fig.7 Cross plots of positive-ion ESI FT-ICR MS indices on condensation versus GC-MS parameters for the oils

Fig.8 Cross plots of positive-ion ESI FT-ICR MS indices on alkyl substitution versus GC-MS parameters for the oils

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