Characteristics and Modeling of Saline Lake Gravity Flow Deposition in the Qianjiang Formation, Northern Qianjiang Depression, Jianghan Basin

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2023.108

Abstract

Abstract:

Large-scale gravity flow deposits were first doscovered in the saline lake deposits of the Qianjiang Formation within the Qianjiang Depression. Their depositional characteristics, diagenetic mechanisms, main controlling factors, and favorable lithofacies require further investigation. Through petrographic observations of 20 core wells, combined with logging data, thin sections, mineralogical composition, and grain size analysis, ten gravity flow-related lithofacies were identified. The gravity flow deposits can be classified into four genetic facies: storm gravity flow, sliding-slumping, debris flow, and turbidity flow deposits. Based on lithofacies associations, the gravity flow deposits can be further subdivided into proximal, middle, and distal deposits. During the sedimentation of Mbr4⁰, the climate was dry, and the secondary fracture zone in the Tankou area was active, leading to sliding and slumping. During the sedimentation of Mbr4^0M, the climate was relatively humid, and flooding triggered the long-distance transport of hyperconcentrated flows. Pure massive siltstones and fine sandstones from clastic flows, as well as parallel laminated sandstones from turbidity flows, are favorable reservoir rocks. The combination of parallel laminated siltstone, massive siltstone, and mudstone is the dominant lithofacies associations formed during fluid transformation.

Key words: saline lake gravity flow, sedimentary characteristics, depositional model, Qianjiang Depression, Qianjiang Formation

CLC Number:

P588.2

BAO Hanyong, GUO Libin, GE Taoyuan, JIANG Zaixing. Characteristics and Modeling of Saline Lake Gravity Flow Deposition in the Qianjiang Formation, Northern Qianjiang Depression, Jianghan Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2024, 38(05): 1291-1305.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Regional tectonic and stratigraphic characteristics of the Northern Qianjiang Depression, Jianghan Basin

Fig.2 Stratigraphic histogram of the Qianjiang Formation of the Qianjiang depression (revised according to reference [1])

Fig.3 Sliding-slumping and storm deposition

Fig.4 Sandy debris flow and turbidity flow deposition

Fig.5 Particle size probability plots and C-M diagrams

Fig.6 Lithofacies associations of gravity flow in the Northern Qianjiang Depression

Fig.7 Core and lithofacies associations of Well Guangxie 73

Fig.8 Core and lithofacies associations of Well Guang 86-Xie

Fig.9 Sedimentary microfacies map of Mbr40(a) and Mbr40M(b) in the Northern Qianjiang Depression

Fig.10 Gravity flow deposition model in the Northern Qianjiang Depression

Table 1 Reservoir property parameters of different lithofacies in the Northern Qianjiang Depression

岩相	孔隙度(%)			渗透率(10^-3μm²)			可动流体(%)			含油饱和度(%)
岩相	Min	Max	Avg	Min	Max	Avg	Min	Max	Avg	Min	Max	Avg
纯净块状细砂岩	8.29	12.13	10.69	1.81	16.85	11.01	66.18	76.33	72.56	18.61	20.82	19.48
洼状层理粉砂岩	9.92	9.92	9.92	4.74	4.74	4.74	68.88	68.88	68.88	14.30	14.30	14.30
平行层理粉砂岩	8.10	9.18	8.81	0.94	3.15	2.07	59.60	67.81	63.68	3.75	18.97	9.65
变形构造粉砂岩	7.42	9.06	8.33	0.18	1.07	0.72	43.28	58.87	51.99	2.22	3.47	2.71
浪成交错层理细砂岩	5.23	10.30	7.12	0.02	9.68	3.25	31.70	74.58	49.45	4.17	18.95	9.73
块状粉砂岩(含泥砾)	3.39	8.91	6.09	0	1.07	0.33	1.50	60.93	34.15	1.18	22.01	13.96

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