Variations of Organic Carbon and Evaluation of Carbon Sequestration Potential in Surface Soil in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province from 1986 to 2019

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.02

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil organic carbon (SOC)is a key index to evaluate soil fertility and soil C sequestration. Therefore, it is important to study variations in SOC to accurate assessment of regional soil C sequestration potential and sustainable utilization of soil resource. Based on the Second National Soil Survey and the data derived from the soil profiles measured from the farmland in 2019, we analyzed the temporal and spatial variations of soil organic carbon density (SOCD)in the surface layer (0-20 cm)in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province, via the GIS spatial analysis technique, and estimated the soil organic carbon reserves using the soil type method and the potential of soil carbon sequestration using the balance method. The results show that the surface SOCD decreased by 1.06 kg/m² on average over the past 30 years, the area with the decrease of SOCD mainly distri-buted in the middle and southeast of Songnen Plain in Heilongjiang Province. The surface SOC reserves decreased by about 143.99 Tg. Soil types with more decrease of SOC were meadow soil, chernozem and black soil, which accounted for 84.55% of the total decrease of SOC. The current Songnen Plain had a carbon sequestration potential of -2.08 Tg, including dark brown soil, albic soil and black soil is a positive potential, and the other soil types are a negative potential. It is suggested that the potential of soil carbon sequestration in Songnen Plain should be improved by increasing the application of organic fertilizer, returning straw to the field, and promoting the cultivation method of no tillage and less tillage.

Key words: soil organic carbon, organic carbon density, temporal and spatial variation, carbon sequestration potential, Songnen Plain

CLC Number:

S153.6
X142

ZHANG Li, JIN Jingze, JIANG Xia, MAO Long, CUI Yujun, LI Ying, WANG Enbao. Variations of Organic Carbon and Evaluation of Carbon Sequestration Potential in Surface Soil in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province from 1986 to 2019[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(04): 914-922.

Figures/Tables 8

References 32

[1]	田娜, 王义祥, 翁伯琦. 土壤碳储量估算研究进展[J]. 亚热带农业研究, 2010, 6(3):193-198.
[2]	李又芳. 亚热带森林转换及火烧措施对土壤有机碳和黑碳的影响[D]. 福州: 福建师范大学, 2009: 1-2.
[3]	潘根兴, 曹建华, 周云超. 土壤碳及其在地球表层系统碳循环中的意义[J]. 第四纪研究, 2000, 20(4):325-334.
[4]	王绍强, 刘纪远, 于贵瑞. 中国陆地土壤有机碳蓄积量估算误差分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(6):797-802.
[5]	赵竑绯, 赵阳, 徐小牛. 不同土地利用对土壤有机碳储量及土壤呼吸的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2012, 31(7):1738-1744.
[6]	LIANG B C, VANDENBYGAART A J, MACDONALD J D, et al. Revisiting no-till’s impact on soil organic carbon storage in Canada[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2020, 198:1-7.
[7]	SANTINI N S, ADAME M F, NOLAN R H, et al. Storage of organic carbon in the soils of Mexican temperate forests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2019, 446:115-125. DOI URL
[8]	赵明松, 李德成, 王世航. 近30年安徽省耕地土壤有机碳变化及影响因素[J]. 土壤学报, 2018, 55(3):595-605.
[9]	韩冰, 王效科, 欧阳志云. 中国农田生态系统土壤碳库的饱和水平及其固碳潜力[J]. 农村生态环境, 2005, 21(4):6-11.
[10]	潘根兴. 中国土壤有机碳、无机碳库量研究[J]. 科技通报, 1999, 15(5):330-332.
[11]	王金达, 刘景双, 刘淑霞, 等. 松嫩平原黑土土壤有机碳库的估算及其影响因素[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2004, 23(4):687-690.
[12]	李忠佩, 林心雄, 车玉萍. 中国东部主要农田土壤有机碳库的平衡与趋势分析[J]. 土壤学报, 2002, 39(3):351-360.
[13]	TANG H J, QIU J J, RANST E V, et al. Estimations of soil organic carbon storage in cropland of China based on DNDC model[J]. Geoderma, 2007, 134(1/2):200-206. DOI URL
[14]	LI C S, ZHUANG Y H, STEVE F, et al. Modeling soil organic carbon change in croplands of China[J]. Ecological Application, 2003, 13(2):327-336. DOI URL
[15]	刘国栋, 李瑛, 张立, 等. 松嫩平原耕层土壤固碳潜力估算[J]. 中国地质, 2014, 41(2):658-664.
[16]	任春颖, 张春华, 王宗明, 等. 松嫩平原玉米带农田表层土壤有机碳储量和固碳潜力研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(4):598-607.
[17]	姜蓝齐, 臧淑英, 张丽娟, 等. 松嫩平原农田土壤有机碳变化及固碳潜力估算[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(21):7068-7081.
[18]	黑龙江省土地管理局, 黑龙江省土壤普查办公室. 黑龙江土壤[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, 1992: 149-179.
[19]	孙维侠, 史学正, 于东升, 等. 基于1∶100万土壤空间数据库的有机碳储量估算研究——以中国东北三省为例[J]. 地理科学, 2004, 24(5):568-572.
[20]	杨金艳, 王传宽. 东北东部森林生态系统土壤碳贮量和碳通量[J]. 生态学报, 2005, 25(11):2875-2882.
[21]	WEST T O, MARLAND G, KING A W, et al. Carbon management response curves: Estimates of temporal soil carbon dynamics[J]. Environmental Management, 2004, 33(4):507-518.
[22]	WEST T O, SIX J. Considering the influence of sequestration duration and carbon saturation on estimates of soil carbon capacity[J]. Climate Change, 2008, 80(1/2):25-41. DOI URL
[23]	WEST T O, MARLAND G. A synjournal of carbon sequestration, carbon emissions, and net carbon flux in agriculture: comparing tillage practices in the United States[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2002, 91(1):217-232. DOI URL
[24]	师晨迪, 许明祥, 邱宇洁. 几种不同方法估算农田表层土壤固碳潜力:以甘肃庄浪县为例[J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(3):1098-1105.
[25]	SHI X Z, YU D S, WARNER E D, et al. Soil database of 1:1 000 000 digital soil survey and reference system of the Chinese genetic soil classification system[J]. Soil Survey Horizon, 2004, 45(4):129-136.
[26]	ZHAO Y C, SHI X Z, WEINDORF D C, et al. Map scale effects on soil organic carbon stock estimation in North China[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2006, 70(4):1377-1386. DOI URL
[27]	陈富荣, 梁红霞, 邢润华, 等. 安徽省土壤固碳潜力及有机碳汇(源)研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2017, 48(4):843-851.
[28]	WEST T O, POST W M. Soil organic carbon sequestration rates by tillage and crop rotation[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2002, 66(6):1930-1946. DOI URL
[29]	奚小环, 杨忠芳, 崔玉军, 等. 东北平原土壤有机碳分布与变化趋势研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2010, 17(3):213-221.
[30]	杨柯. 我国典型农耕区土壤固碳潜力研究[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2016: 125-133.
[31]	方华军, 杨学明, 张晓平. 东北黑土有机碳储量及其对大气CO₂的贡献[J]. 水土保持学报, 2003, 17(3):9-12.
[32]	刘子刚, 张坤民. 黑龙江省三江平原湿地土壤碳储量变化[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 45(6):788-791.

土壤类型	图斑数/个	1986年SOCD/ (kg/m²)	2019年SOCD/ (kg/m²)	ΔSOCD/ (kg/m²)
暗棕壤	150	5.17±0.85^*	4.61±0.85	-0.56
白浆土	82	5.65±0.48	3.99±0.45	-1.66
草甸土	200	4.90±1.29	3.60±1.14	-1.31
风沙土	111	3.62±0.89	2.73±0.72	-0.89
黑钙土	128	4.93±0.90	3.68±0.93	-1.25
黑土	218	5.43±0.80	4.64±0.92	-0.79
泥炭土	18	4.67±1.17	4.31±0.64	-0.35
水稻土	39	5.53±0.92	4.10±0.58	-1.44
盐土	10	3.60±0.19	2.55±0.15	-1.05
沼泽土	56	4.56±1.10	4.22±1.29	-0.34
总计	1 012	5.02±1.08	3.96±1.11	-1.06

土壤类型	图斑数/个	1986年SOCD/ (kg/m²)	2019年SOCD/ (kg/m²)	ΔSOCD/ (kg/m²)
暗棕壤	150	5.17±0.85^*	4.61±0.85	-0.56
白浆土	82	5.65±0.48	3.99±0.45	-1.66
草甸土	200	4.90±1.29	3.60±1.14	-1.31
风沙土	111	3.62±0.89	2.73±0.72	-0.89
黑钙土	128	4.93±0.90	3.68±0.93	-1.25
黑土	218	5.43±0.80	4.64±0.92	-0.79
泥炭土	18	4.67±1.17	4.31±0.64	-0.35
水稻土	39	5.53±0.92	4.10±0.58	-1.44
盐土	10	3.60±0.19	2.55±0.15	-1.05
沼泽土	56	4.56±1.10	4.22±1.29	-0.34
总计	1 012	5.02±1.08	3.96±1.11	-1.06

土壤类型	面积/km²	1986年SOC 储量/Tg	2019年SOC 储量/Tg	ΔSOC储量 /Tg
暗棕壤	11 192.64	57.91	51.61	-6.30
白浆土	3 925.00	22.16	15.65	-6.51
草甸土	51 352.98	251.66	184.62	-67.04
风沙土	5 588.29	20.24	15.24	-5.00
黑钙土	22 044.86	108.60	81.08	-27.52
黑土	34 609.02	187.83	160.64	-27.19
泥炭土	424.30	1.98	1.83	-0.15
水稻土	1 698.85	9.40	6.96	-2.44
盐土	329.53	1.19	0.84	-0.35
沼泽土	4 407.40	20.10	18.61	-1.49
总计	135 572.87	681.07	537.08	-143.99

土壤类型	面积/km²	1986年SOC 储量/Tg	2019年SOC 储量/Tg	ΔSOC储量 /Tg
暗棕壤	11 192.64	57.91	51.61	-6.30
白浆土	3 925.00	22.16	15.65	-6.51
草甸土	51 352.98	251.66	184.62	-67.04
风沙土	5 588.29	20.24	15.24	-5.00
黑钙土	22 044.86	108.60	81.08	-27.52
黑土	34 609.02	187.83	160.64	-27.19
泥炭土	424.30	1.98	1.83	-0.15
水稻土	1 698.85	9.40	6.96	-2.44
盐土	329.53	1.19	0.84	-0.35
沼泽土	4 407.40	20.10	18.61	-1.49
总计	135 572.87	681.07	537.08	-143.99

土壤类型	拟合曲线方程	样本数/ 个	相关系数r	饱和水平/ (kg/m²)
暗棕壤	y=-1.139x+5.584	150	-0.75^**	4.90
白浆土	y=-1.261x+5.434	82	-0.81^**	4.31
草甸土	y=-0.624x+2.205	200	-0.72^**	3.53
风沙土	y=-0.813x+1.895	111	-0.90^**	2.33
黑钙土	y=-0.832x+2.987	128	-0.79^**	3.59
黑土	y=-1.061x+5.014	218	-0.67^**	4.73
泥炭土	y=-1.170x+5.003	18	-0.91^**	4.28
水稻土	y=-0.959x+3.618	39	-0.83^**	3.77
盐土	y=-0.750x+1.719	10	-0.72^*	2.29
沼泽土	y=-0.661x+2.606	56	-0.51^**	3.94