苏北盆地高邮凹陷断裂系统发育特征及其控藏作用

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.039

现代地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (02): 316-327.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.039

苏北盆地高邮凹陷断裂系统发育特征及其控藏作用

唐旭¹^,²(), 余一欣¹^,²(), 于雯泉³, 唐海氢⁴, 王孝彦⁵

1.中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院, 北京 102249
2.中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 102249
3.中石化江苏油田分公司勘探开发研究院,江苏扬州 225009
4.中石油华北油田分公司第三采油厂,河北沧州 062450
5.中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒 841000

收稿日期:2022-04-11 修回日期:2022-11-20 出版日期:2023-04-10 发布日期:2023-05-23
通讯作者: 余一欣
作者简介:余一欣,男,副教授,1977年出生,构造地质学专业,主要从事含油气盆地构造解析方面的教学和研究工作。Email:yuxin0707@163.com。
唐旭,男,博士研究生,1994年出生,构造地质学专业,主要从事盆地构造解析及控藏作用方面的研究。Email:tangxu0329@foxmail.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42072149)

Characteristics of Fault System and Its Influence on Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Gaoyou Sag, Subei Basin

TANG Xu¹^,²(), YU Yixin¹^,²(), YU Wenquan³, TANG Haiqing⁴, WANG Xiaoyan⁵

1. College of Geoscience, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249,China
3. Exploration and Development Research Institute of Jiangsu Oilfield, SINOPEC, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
4. No.3 Oil Production Plant of Huabei Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Cangzhou, Hebei 062450, China
5. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Tarim Oil Field Company, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China

Received:2022-04-11 Revised:2022-11-20 Online:2023-04-10 Published:2023-05-23
Contact: YU Yixin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

苏北盆地高邮凹陷油气资源丰富,已发现的油气藏类型及其分布与断裂发育特征、断裂演化过程密切相关。利用高精度三维连片地震资料,对高邮凹陷断裂发育特征及活动期次进行研究,划分断裂系统,并分析断裂系统对油气成藏的控制作用。高邮凹陷主要发育晚白垩世—古新世伸展断裂系统、始新统戴南组沉积期伸展断裂系统、始新统三垛组沉积期张扭断裂系统和长期活动断裂系统等4类断裂系统。晚白垩世—古新世,在NW—SE向伸展应力场下发生分散变形,形成NEE—NE向伸展断裂;始新统戴南组沉积期在NW—SE向伸展应力场下发生集中变形,形成NE向伸展断裂;始新统三垛组沉积期在近S—N向伸展应力影响下发生张扭变形,形成近EW向张扭断裂。长期活动断裂系统垂向输导油气,晚白垩世—古新世伸展断裂系统和始新统戴南组沉积期伸展断裂系统侧向封堵油气,始新统三垛组沉积期张扭断裂系统破坏原生油藏,使油气发生逸散。深凹带内长期活动断裂上盘的滚动背斜圈闭和横向背斜,断阶带在长期活动断裂分段点间断层下盘的断块圈闭,以及斜坡带内东部斜坡的掀斜断块圈闭是油气运聚成藏的有利目标区。

关键词: 断裂系统, 活动期次, 圈闭, 运聚, 油气成藏, 高邮凹陷

Abstract:

The Gaoyou sag in Subei Basin is rich in oil and gas resources. The types and distribution of discovered oil and gas reservoirs are closely related to the fault development characteristics and evolution. In this paper, the basic characteristics, types, and active periods of faults in the Gaoyou sag are studied with high-precision 3D continuous seismic data, and the fault systems are further divided to elucidate the controlling effect of fault systems on hydrocarbon accumulation. The results show that there are four types of fault systems in the sag: Late Cretaceous-Paleocene normal fault system, Eocene Dainan normal fault system, Eocene Sanduo transtensional fault system and long-term active fault system. There are three periods of intensive fault activity: the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene dispersed deformation under the NW-SE extensional stress field, forming the ENE-NE extensional faults. The concentrated deformation occurred in the NW-SE extensional stress field in the Eocene and formed the NE-directed extensional faults. During the Eocene Sanduo stage, extensional deformation occurred under the near N-S extensional stress field, forming late tensional faults near EW direction. Long-term active faults are characterized by multiphase active faults. The long-term active fault system carries oil and gas vertically. The normal fault systems of Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene and Eocene Dainan formation have good lateral sealing conditions, and facilitated the formation of various fault trap types. The Eocene Sanduo normal fault system may have destroyed cap traps and was not conducive to oil and gas preservation. The rolling anticline trap and transverse anticline in the hanging-wall of the long-term active fault in the deep depression zone. The fault block trap in the footwall of the fault between the sub-points of the long-term active fault in the fault step zone, and the tilted fault block trap in the eastern slope of the slope zone are favorable targets for oil-gas migration and accumulation.

Key words: fault system, activity period, trap, migration, fault reservoir control, Gaoyou sag

中图分类号:

P642
TE121.2

唐旭, 余一欣, 于雯泉, 唐海氢, 王孝彦. 苏北盆地高邮凹陷断裂系统发育特征及其控藏作用[J]. 现代地质, 2023, 37(02): 316-327.

TANG Xu, YU Yixin, YU Wenquan, TANG Haiqing, WANG Xiaoyan. Characteristics of Fault System and Its Influence on Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Gaoyou Sag, Subei Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(02): 316-327.

图/表 10

图1 苏北盆地构造简图及地层简表

Fig.1 Structural diagram and stratigraphic table of Subei Basin

图2 高邮凹陷地震解释剖面(剖面位置见图1)

Fig.2 Seismic interpretation profiles in the Gaoyou sag (seeing Fig.1 for the profile location)

图3 高邮凹陷断层几何学要素统计

Fig.3 Statistics of fault geometric elements in the Gaoyou sag

图4 高邮凹陷典型断层位移-埋深曲线及断层生长指数

Fig.4 T-x curve and fault growth index of typical faults in the Gaoyou sag

图5 高邮凹陷构造演化剖面(剖面位置见图1)

Fig.5 Tectonic evolution profiles in the Gaoyou sag (seeing Fig.1 for profile location)

图6 高邮凹陷断裂系统分布特征 (a)典型剖面断裂系统划分(剖面位置见图1);(b) T 2 3反射层断裂系统平面分布;(c) T 3 3反射层断裂系统平面分布

Fig.6 Distribution characteristics of fault systems in the Gaoyou sag

图7 高邮凹陷圈闭类型及其分布规律

Fig.7 Types and distribution of traps in the Gaoyou sag

图8 高邮凹陷 T 3 3反射层断裂系统与各层位油藏平面叠合关系

Fig.8 Relationship between the fault system of T 3 3 reflector and the plane superposition of each reservoir in the Gaoyou Sag

图9 控凹断层上盘转换带油气成藏模式

Fig.9 Oil and gas accumulation mode of hanging-wall transition zone of controlled depression fault

图10 高邮凹陷东部油气成藏模式

Fig.10 Oil and gas accumulation mode in the eastern Gaoyou sag

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苏北盆地高邮凹陷断裂系统发育特征及其控藏作用

Characteristics of Fault System and Its Influence on Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Gaoyou Sag, Subei Basin

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