关键词: 大气颗粒物, 质量浓度, 富集因子, 主因子分析, 松嫩平原

Abstract:

Twenty-eight samples of atmospheric particles were collected from the southern area of Song-Nen plain, during the summer of 2008. Both the major and minor element concentrations in the samples were analyzed in this research. This paper shows the mass concentrations, correlations and spatial distributions of the elements. And also, the sources of the various elements were identified by enrichment factors and factor analysis. The results show that the elements which are abundant in PM10-100 particles are those which have high concentrations in the crust. Heavy metals have relatively high concentrations in the PM2-5 particles. Mass concentrations of atmospheric particles decrease as: Daqing > Suihua > Harbin > Qiqihar. The enrichment factors of Fe, K, Ti, Mn and Co are smaller than 1 or very close to 1. As for Ca, Mg, Ni and Cr, the enrichment factors are greater than 1 but still smaller than 10. Whereas the enrichment factors of Na, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Se are greater than 10, indicating these elements have anthropogenic sources. The varimax rotated factor analysis shows that the major source of atmospheric inhalable particles is soil dust. Other sources include coal combustion, garbage incineration, automobile tail gas, alkali dust through atmospheric transmission, fuel combustion and industrial sources.

Key words:  atmospheric particle, mass concentration, enrichment factor, principal factor analysis, Song-Nen plain