水铁矿相转化研究常用方法综述

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.132

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水铁矿相转化影响近地表铁氧化物矿物组成及元素归趋,具有重要的地球化学意义,被广泛关注。随着研究深入,研究方法不断革新。本文结合水铁矿相转化的研究进展,综合分析在该研究中的常用研究方法,包括光谱学(X射线衍射、红外光谱、拉曼光谱、穆斯堡尔谱、X射线吸收精细结构谱等)、形貌学(扫描电镜及透射电镜)、元素分析及磁性分析等手段,探究这些常用方法在水铁矿相转化过程中的应用(定性及定量),提出不同研究方法的优势及其局限性。最后,对今后水铁矿研究中原位测试方法的应用进行展望。本研究为探究近地表环境铁氧化物矿物的转变过程提供基础信息。

关键词: 水铁矿, 相转化, 原位测试, 表征方法

Abstract:

The transformation of ferrihydrite affects the mineral composition and element fate of near-surface iron oxides, which has important geochemical significance and has been widely concerned. With the deepening of research, research methods have been constantly innovated. This study summarizes the commonly used research methods on ferrihydrite transformation, including spectroscopy (X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, etc.), morphology (scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy), element analysis, magnetic analysis, etc. We explore the application of these common methods(qualitative and quantitative) in the process of ferrihydrite phase transformation, and propose the advantages and limitations of different research methods. Finally, the application of in-situ testing method in the future research of ferrihydrite is prospected. This study provides basic information for exploring the transformation process of iron oxide minerals in the near surface environment.

Key words: ferrihydrite, phase transformation, in-situ testing, characterization method

中图分类号:

P575

闫丽霞, 任子贺, 张丙昌, 刘婷, 潘须眉. 水铁矿相转化研究常用方法综述[J]. 现代地质, 2025, 39(03): 637-647.

YAN Lixia, REN Zihe, ZHANG Bingchang, LIU Ting, PAN Xumei. Common Study Methods for Ferrihydrite Transformation: A Review[J]. Geoscience, 2025, 39(03): 637-647.

图/表 10

图1 几种常见铁氧化物的红外光谱图[29]

Fig. 1 FTIR spectra of the common iron oxides[29]

图2 混合样品的红外光谱(Fh=Fhy, Gt=Gth, L=Lep)[22] (a)Fhy和Gt;(b)Fhy和nGt;(c)Fhy和L;(d)Gt和L;(e)Fhy和Mag;(f)Gt和Mag;(g)L和Mag

Fig. 2 FTIR spectra of the mixed samples[22]

图3 Hem、Mgh和Mag的红外光谱[15]

Fig.3 FTIR of Hem, Mgh, and Mag[15]

图4 不同重复时间的2L-Fhy(左)和6L-Fhy(右)的Raman光谱(a)-(d)显示为不同重复时间的光谱图)[30]

Fig.4 Raman spectra of 2L-Fhy (left) and 6L-Fhy (right) under repeated scanning

表1 常见铁氧化物矿物的穆斯堡尔参数[10]

Table 1 Mössbauer parameters of the common iron oxides[10]

铁氧化物	测试温度(K)	IS(mm/s)	QS(mm/s)	B_HF(T)
2线水铁矿	295.0	0.24	0.79	-
2线水铁矿	4.2	0.24	-0.01	47.0
6线水铁矿	292.0	0.24	0.72	-
6线水铁矿	4.2	0.25	-0.06	50.0
赤铁矿	295.0	0.37	-0.20	50.75
赤铁矿	4.2	0.49	0.41	54.17
针铁矿	295.0	0.37	-0.26	38.0
针铁矿	4.2	0.48	-0.25	50.60
磁铁矿	295.0	0.26	0	49.0
磁铁矿		0.6	≤\|0.02\|	46.0
纤铁矿	294.0	0.37	0.53	-
纤铁矿	4.2	0.47	0.02	45.8
施式矿物	295.0	0.39	0.64	-
施式矿物	4.2	0.49	-0.37	45.6

图5 Fhy相转化过程中U的XANES谱(a)和EXAFS谱(b)—(c)[33]

Fig. 5 XANES (a) and EXAFS (b)-(c) spectra of U in the transformation process of Fhy[33]

图6 Fhy转化前后As的XANES图谱(a)、EXAFS图谱(b)、傅里叶变换图谱(c)[12]

Fig.6 XANES (a), EXAFS (b), and Fourier transform spectra (c) of As before and after the phase transformation of Fhy[12]

图7 常见铁氧化物形貌图

Fig.7 Morphologies images of the common iron oxides (a)Fhy[37];(b)Gth[50];(c)Hem[12];(d-e)Lep[51];(f-g)Mag[51]

图8 赤铁矿纳米孔道结构(a)—(b)及其形成机制(c)[52]

Fig.8 Nanopores of Hem (a)-(b) and the formation mechanism (c)[52]

图9 不同Zn含量条件下Fhy的转化过程、产物及Zn的分布状态[56]

Fig.9 Phase transformation process and the transformed product of Fhy in the presence of Zn, and the distribution of Zn in the transformation process[56]

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