地下水抽出处理技术研究进展与展望

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.030

现代地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (04): 977-985.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.030

地下水抽出处理技术研究进展与展望

张莉¹^,², 刘菲¹(), 袁慧卿², 梁凯旋³

1.中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京 100083
2.中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州 221116
3.北京市矿产地质研究所,北京 101500

收稿日期:2022-02-19 修回日期:2022-06-21 出版日期:2023-08-10 发布日期:2023-09-02
通讯作者: 刘菲,女,教授,博士生导师,1969年出生,水文地质学专业,主要从事地下水有机污染监测与修复的教学和研究工作。Email: feiliu@cugb.edu.cn。
作者简介:刘菲,女,教授,博士生导师,1969年出生,水文地质学专业,主要从事地下水有机污染监测与修复的教学和研究工作。Email: feiliu@cugb.edu.cn。
张莉,女,博士,副教授,1991年出生,水文地质学专业,主要从事地下水环境污染调查与防控方面的研究工作。Email: li-zhang@cumt.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42072275)

Research Progress and Prospect of Groundwater Pump and Treat Technology

ZHANG Li¹^,², LIU Fei¹(), YUAN Huiqing², LIANG Kaixuan³

1. School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2. School of Resources and geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
3. Beijing Institute of Mineral Geology, Beijing 101500, China

Received:2022-02-19 Revised:2022-06-21 Online:2023-08-10 Published:2023-09-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地下水抽出处理技术(P&T)是地下水异位修复的代表性技术,也是目前控制和去除地下水污染应用较广泛的技术。然而在实际应用中,P&T技术往往受水文地质条件和污染物迁移、转化的干扰,产生拖尾或回弹效应,导致处理后期效率低、费用高。本文在阐明P&T技术发展演变历程的基础上,对其适用条件、技术优势与限制、系统设计优化方法及与其它技术的联合使用进行了系统分析。总结发现,P&T技术更多应用于污染初期高浓度污染物的抽出以及避免污染物扩散的水力控制,抽水的目标主要为“流场控制”。抽/注水井的位置通常是在污染源和污染受体区域及其上、下游,通过抽取污染水或者将未污染水注入地下形成分水岭以达到控制污染物扩散和清污分流的目的。系列研究可为P&T技术的灵活应用和我国场地地下水污染防治方案选择上提供合理性的建议。

关键词: 地下水污染, 抽出处理技术, 水力控制, 优化方法, 联用技术

Abstract:

Groundwater pump and treat technology (P&T) is a representative technology of groundwater reme-diation, and is at present widely used also to control and repair groundwater pollution. However, in the practical application of P&T technology, it is often interfered by the complexity of hydrogeological conditions and the special behavior of ground pollutant migration and transformation. The most important problem is tailing or rebound, which leads to low efficiency and high cost in the later stage of treatment. Based on expounding the development and evolution of P&T technology, we systematically analyzed its application conditions, technological pros and cons, system design optimization methods and its combined use with other technologies. We concluded that with the application of pumping treatment, it is more used for the pump of high concentration pollutants in the initial stage of pollution and hydraulic control to avoid pollutant diffusion. Currently, the goal of pumping changes from treatment to flow field control. The pumping/injecting wells are often located at the contamination source and plume and their upstream and downstream. The purposes of controlling pollutant diffusion and clean water diversion were achieved by pumping the contaminated water or injecting uncontaminated water into the ground to form a watershed. Our results provide suggestions for the flexible application of groundwater pump technology and the selection of prevention and control solutions for site groundwater pollution in China.

Key words: groundwater contamination, pump and treat technology, hydraulic control, optimization method, combined technology

中图分类号:

P641.1

张莉, 刘菲, 袁慧卿, 梁凯旋. 地下水抽出处理技术研究进展与展望[J]. 现代地质, 2023, 37(04): 977-985.

ZHANG Li, LIU Fei, YUAN Huiqing, LIANG Kaixuan. Research Progress and Prospect of Groundwater Pump and Treat Technology[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(04): 977-985.

图/表 5

图1 地下水修复决策文件中的各关注污染物的占比图(2015—2017财年,数据来源于文献[3])

Fig.1 Details of the concerning contaminant in the decision documents with groundwater remedies (fiscal years 2015-2017, data from ref. [3])

图2 P&T技术应用概念图

Fig.2 Conceptual diagram of P&T technology application

图3 美国超级基金场地地下水修复措施选择趋势(1982—2017财年,数据来源于文献[3])

Fig.3 Selection trends of groundwater remediation measures at U.S. superfund sites (fiscal years 1982-2017, data from ref. [3])

图4 浓度与抽水时间或抽水量关系及拖尾和回弹效应(修改自Cohen 等[12])

Fig.4 Relationship between concentration and pumping time or pumping capacity and tailing and rebound effect (modified from Cohen et al.[12])

图5 美国超级基金场地地下水修复P&T技术选择统计(1982—2017财年,数据来源于文献[3])

Fig.5 Statistics of P&T technology selection for groundwater remediation at superfund site (fiscal years 1982-2017, data from ref. [3])

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地下水抽出处理技术研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of Groundwater Pump and Treat Technology

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