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现代地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (02): 410-419.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.127

• 表生资源观测模拟与综合评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原拉萨河—尼洋河流域三类水体氢氧稳定同位素特征分析

张浔浔1,2,3(), 文浪1(), 杨斌1,2,3, 赵阳刚1,2,3, 邢莉圆3,4, 段阳海1,2,3, 蒲春1,2   

  1. 1.中国地质调查局军民融合地质调查中心,四川 成都 610036
    2.雅鲁藏布江中游自然资源西藏自治区野外科学观测研究站,西藏 拉萨 850094
    3.自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室,北京 100055
    4.中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京 100055
  • 出版日期:2025-04-10 发布日期:2025-05-08
  • 通信作者: 文 浪,男,工程师,1992年出生,主要从事自然资源调查、观测和地质方面的研究工作。Email: wen.lang@foxmail.com
  • 作者简介:张浔浔,男,工程师,1995年出生,主要从事自然资源调查和地质方面研究工作。Email: zhangxunxun9511@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室开放课题项目(2023KFKTB006);西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202401JD0024);中国地质调查局项目“长江源沱沱河地区生态环境调查评价”(DD20220957);“青藏高寒区资源与环境调查与评价”(DD20220881);南京水利科学研究院水灾害防御全国重点实验室基金项目(2023NKMS01)

H-O Isotope Signatures of Three Water Bodies in the Lhasa-Nyang River Basin, Tibetan Plateau: Source Discrimination and Hydrologic Connectivity

ZHANG Xunxun1,2,3(), WEN Lang1(), YANG Bin1,2,3, ZHAO Yanggang1,2,3, XING Liyuan3,4, DUAN Yanghai1,2,3, PU Chun1,2   

  1. 1. Civil-Military Integration Center of China Geological Survey Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, China
    2. Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Natural Resources in the Middle Reaches of the Brahmaputra River, Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Tibet 850094, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements, Beijing 100055, China
    4. Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100055, China
  • Published:2025-04-10 Online:2025-05-08

摘要: 拉萨河—尼洋河流域地处青藏高原重要的河谷农业区,2021年4月至11月期间共采集流域内大气降水、地表水和地下水样品278件,通过室内实验和统计分析等方法分析流域三类水体氢氧稳定同位素的组成与变化特征。结果表明:(1)拉萨河—尼洋河流域受同一个大气环流背景及夏季风水汽来源的影响,尼洋河大气降水同位素变化范围较小,相比拉萨河而言尼洋河更富集重同位素;气温和降雨量与大气降水同位素组成呈显著正相关关系,而相对湿度和海拔呈现一定程度负相关;(2)研究区地表水和地下水δ18O值随海拔高度的增加而逐渐贫化,存在明显海拔效应,海拔递减率分别为0.27‰/hm和0.29‰/hm;(3)拉萨河—尼洋河流域地表水和地下水主要受大气降水补给,且二者同位素含量分布比较集中,属于交叉分布,存在相互补给的现象。拉萨河—尼洋河流域水体稳定同位素的测定,为阐明流域水文过程提供基础的同位素证据,对变化环境下青藏高原雅鲁藏布江的水资源利用和维护流域生态安全具有重要意义。

关键词: 拉萨河—尼洋河流域, 氢氧稳定同位素, 海拔效应

Abstract:

To investigate isotopic variability and hydrological processes in the Lhasa-Nyang River Basin, 278 water samples (including precipitation, surface water, and groundwater) were collected between April and November 2021.Stable isotopes of hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) were analyzed using laboratory experiments and statistical methods.Key findings include: (1) Precipitation isotopes in the basin reflect a shared atmospheric circulation background dominated by summer monsoon moisture.The Nyang River sub-basin exhibits narrower isotopic variability and greater enrichment in heavy isotopes compared to the Lhasa River sub-basin.Temperature and precipitation amount exert significant positive correlations (P<0.05) with precipitation δ18O, whereas relative humidity and elevation show negative correlations.(2) Surface water and groundwater δ18O values exhibit progressive depletion with increasing elevation, demonstrating distinct altitudinal gradients of -0.27‰ per 100 m (‰/hm) and -0.29‰/hm, respectively.(3) Both surface water and groundwater are predominantly recharged by atmospheric precipitation, as evidenced by overlapping isotopic ranges and bidirectional isotopic exchanges indicative of hydraulic connectivity.This study provides critical baseline isotopic data for clarifying basin-scale hydrological cycling, including moisture sources, recharge mechanisms, and surface-groundwater interactions.The findings advance understanding of water resource sustainability and ecohydrological resilience in the Yarlung Zangbo River system, with implications for managing freshwater availability and mitigating climate-driven hydrological risks on the Tibetan Plateau.

Key words: Lhasa River and Nyang River Basin, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope, altitude effect

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