磁铁矿热电性特征及其应用:以白云鄂博矿床为例

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.110

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黄铁矿的热电性标型已被广泛应用于金矿床找矿预测,然而磁铁矿的热电性特征及其在找矿方面的应用却认识不深。以白云鄂博铁矿床主矿区为研究对象,采用BHTE-08型热电系数测量仪,进行了大量磁铁矿热电性的测试研究。结果表明,在主矿区东部区域出现了显著热电性异常,通过显微观察发现,该异常与金属硫化物(特别是黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿)的赋存密切相关。特别是该异常区域岩浆成因磁铁矿比例明显较高,因此推测是岩浆作用导致了该区磁铁矿和硫化物的大量堆积,即该区可能是深部岩浆上升的通道。这一认识对于白云鄂博主矿区—东矿区深部找矿具有重要指导意义。此外,通过磁铁矿和黄铁矿人工条件下不同比例混合样的热电性测试,认为磁铁矿的热电性特征在评价铁矿石质量方面具有广阔的应用前景和实际意义。

关键词: 矿物热电效应, 成矿预测, 矿石质量评价, 白云鄂博矿床

Abstract:

Thermoelectric typomorphism of pyrite has been widely used in prospecting and prediction of gold deposits. However, the thermoelectric characteristics of magnetite and its application in prospecting are rarely reported. Taking the main mining area of Bayan Obo Iron deposit as the research object, the thermoelectric coefficient measuring instrument BHTE-08 has been used to test and study the pyroelectric property of magnetite. The results show a significant thermoelectric anomaly in the eastern part of the main mining area, which is closely related to the occurrence of metal sulfides (especially pyrite and pyrrhotite) through microscopic observation. In particular, the proportion of magmatic magnetite in this anomaly area is high, so it is speculated that magmatism leads to a large amount of magnetite and sulfide accumulation in this area, which may be a channel for deep magma ascent. This understanding is important and significant for deep prospecting in Bayan Obo’s main-east mining area. In addition, the thermoelectric properties of magnetite and pyrite mixed samples in different proportions under artificial conditions are tested, and it is considered that the pyroelectric characteristics of magnetite have broad application prospects and practical significance in evaluating the quality of iron ore.

Key words: mineral thermoelectric effect, metallogenic prediction, ore quality evaluation, Bayan Obo deposit

中图分类号:

P571
P618.51

刘明慧, 申俊峰, 杨永强, 王昭静, 陈强, 唐赧钰. 磁铁矿热电性特征及其应用:以白云鄂博矿床为例[J]. 现代地质, 2025, 39(03): 560-569.

LIU Minghui, SHEN Junfeng, YANG Yongqiang, WANG Zhaojing, CHEN Qiang, TANG Nanyu. Thermoelectric Characteristics of Magnetite and Its Application: A Case Study of Bayan Obo Deposit[J]. Geoscience, 2025, 39(03): 560-569.

图/表 11

图1 白云鄂博矿区地质简图[16] 1.黑云母花岗岩;2.剖面线;3.辉长岩-辉长闪长岩;4.基底杂岩;5.基底混合岩;6.石英砾岩;7.石英岩;8.白云岩;9.板岩;10.铁矿体;11.岩层走向;12.断层;13.地层界限;14.侵入体界限

Fig.1 Geologic map of Bayan Obo mining area[16]

图2 白云鄂博主矿区磁铁矿样品热电系数散点图

Fig.2 Scatter diagram of thermoelectric coefficient of magnetite sample in Bayan Obo main mining area

图3 白云鄂博主矿区磁铁矿和标本公司磁铁矿的热电系数对比图

Fig.3 Comparison of thermoelectric coefficient between magnetite and specimen company magnetite in Bayan Obo main mining area

图4 光学显微镜下矿物显微特征 (a)黄铁矿被磁黄铁矿包裹;(b)磁铁矿中发育脉状黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿和黄铜矿;(c)磁铁矿与黄铁矿共生;(d)磁黄铁矿与黄铁矿共生;Mag.磁铁矿;Py.黄铁矿;Po.磁黄铁矿;Ccp.黄铜矿

Fig.4 Microscopic characteristics of minerals under optical microscope

图5 ΔT=80 ℃时硫化物的热电系数散点图

Fig.5 Scatter diagram of thermoelectric coefficient of sulfide at ΔT = 80 ℃

图6 磁铁矿与黄铁矿不同混合条件下的热电系数箱线图 (a)磁铁矿与立方体黄铁矿混合;(b)磁铁矿与五角十二面体黄铁矿混合;(c)磁铁矿与两种典型黄铁矿混合

Fig.6 Box diagram of thermoelectric coefficient of magnetite and pyrite under different mixing conditions

图7 磁铁矿与黄铁矿不同比例下热电系数平均值散点图

Fig.7 Scatter diagram of average thermoelectric coefficient under different proportions of magnetite and pyrite

图8 白云鄂博主矿区热电系数纵投影等值线图

Fig.8 Longitudinal projection contour map of thermoelectric coefficient in Bayan Obo main mining area

图9 白云鄂博主矿区热电系数三维模型

Fig.9 3D model of thermoelectric coefficient in Bayan Obo main mining area

图10 白云鄂博主矿区热电系数三维模型剖面图 (a)矿体1200 m标高处热电系数剖面图;(b)过第7勘探线的热电系数剖面图

Fig.10 Section view of 3D model of thermoelectric coefficient in Bayan Obo main mining area

图11 白云鄂博主矿区热电系数等值面三维立体图 (a)低值区;(b)高值区

Fig.11 3D stereogram of thermoelectric coefficient isosurface in Bayan Obo main mining area

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