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现代地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (03): 807-817.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.047

• 地质景观资源综合评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

河北承德县北大山公园石海奇观的成因及地学旅游初探

李成祥1,2(), 张绪教2(), 殷志强3, 曹静1, 邵海3, 田钰琛2,4, 彭超2,5   

  1. 1.成都理工大学地球与行星科学学院, 四川 成都 610059
    2.中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
    3.中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京 100055
    4.中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东 青岛 266580
    5.物产中大金属集团有限公司, 浙江 杭州 310020
  • 出版日期:2024-06-10 发布日期:2024-07-04
  • 通讯作者: 张绪教,男,教授,博士生导师,1964年出生,主要从事地貌与新构造运动、旅游地学研究。Email: Zhangxj@cugb.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:李成祥,男,硕士研究生,1999年出生,主要从事旅游地质学和岩浆岩岩石学研究。Email:1027868215@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41977258);中国地质环境监测院研发基金项目(20220107);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190310);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221761);河北省重点研发计划项目(20374207D)

Formation Mechanism of Rock-block Field Landscape and Earth-science Tourism in the Beidashan Forest Park, Chengde, Hebei

LI Chengxiang1,2(), ZHANG Xujiao2(), YIN Zhiqiang3, CAO Jing1, SHAO Hai3, TIAN Yuchen2,4, PENG Chao2,5   

  1. 1. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
    2. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    3. Nature Resources Comprehensive Survey Command, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100055 China
    4. School of Geoscience, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
    5. Wuchan Zhongda Metal Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
  • Online:2024-06-10 Published:2024-07-04

摘要:

石海是发育于基岩斜坡带较为特殊的地貌类型之一,因形成动力多样和过程复杂,前人对其成因的争论由来已久。河北省承德县北大山发育壮观的石海,是该森林公园的主要景观和旅游资源,为石海成因的研究提供了得天独厚的条件。利用野外地质调查、砾石统计和无人机航拍建模等技术方法和手段,对北大山森林公园石海地貌开展了系统的调查。研究结果表明,石海的物源来自沟头被断裂和节理破碎的花岗岩崩塌体;组成石海的巨大砾石具有重力崩塌和短距离流水搬运的特征,与冰川或泥石流搬运的特征并不符合;冻融分选作用是导致巨大石块集中出露地表,进而形成石海的主要动力。本文首次提出承德北大山石海地貌的冻融分选成因的新认识,不仅对石海成因的理论研究具有一定的促进作用,而且对其它区域石海地貌的成因研究也具有重要的参考价值。

关键词: 石海, 重力崩塌, 冻融分选, 旅游地学, 北大山, 承德

Abstract:

Rock-block field is a special geomorphic type mainly developed in bedrock slope zones, formed under diverse geodynamics and complex geologic processes, and its formation has been controversial for a long time.The spectacular rock-block field in Beidashan, Chengde County, Hebei not only is the main landscape and tourism resources of the forest park, but also provides unique conditions for studying the origin of the rock-block field.We conducted a systematic investigation on the rock-block field geomorphology in the Beidashan Forest Park, mainly using the field geological survey, gravel statistics, and UAV aerial modeling methods.The study results show that the gravel source of rock-block field came from the collapsed granite which is fractured and broken due to the joints at the top of gully; the huge gravel composed of the rock-block field has the characteristics of gravity collapse and short distance water transportation, which is not consistent with the characteristics of glacier or debris flow transport.The freezing and thawing separation is the main driving force causing the huge stones to emerge from the surface and then forming the rock-block field.In this study, we proposed a new interpretation on the origin of freeze-thaw sorting of the rock-block field landform in Beidashan, Chengde for the first time.This study not only promotes the theoretical studies of rock-block field origin, but also provides an important reference for the formation of rock-block field landform in other places.

Key words: rock-block field, gravity collapse, freeze-thaw action, tourism earth-science, Beidashan Forest Park, Chengde

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