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    Regional Geochemical Distribution Characteristics of Rare Earth Elements in the Dashizhai Area, Inner Mongolia
    YANG Fan , SONG Yuntao, ZHANG Shunyao, HAO Zhihong, GUO Zhijuan,
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 802-810.  
    Abstract13258)      PDF(pc) (14888KB)(9606)       Save
    Based on the regional geochemical survey, stream sediment sampling and analysis, the REE distribution characteristics of the stream sediments from the Dashizhai area in Inner Mongolia were evaluated systematically. Results show that ΣREE, ΣLREE/ΣHREE, δCe, δEu, (La/Sm)N, (La/Tb)N, (La/Lu)N, (Ce/Yb)N and (Gd/Lu)N of stream sediments have significant differences from the biotite granite in the central part of the study area and strata around the biotite granite. The REE distribution is closely related to the biotite granite; light rare earth elements are mainly distributed in the periphery of the biotite granite, and heavy rare earth elements are mainly distributed in the top of that biotite granite. The REE concentration of stream sediments from regional geochemical survey can reasonably describe the REE distribution, and can reflect the geological characteristics of the survey area, thus can provide references for the interpretation of regional geochemical anomalies.
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    Oreforming Fluids and Genesis of Yindongpo Gold Deposit, Henan Province
    ZENG Wei, DUAN Ming, WAN Duo, SIMA Xianzhang, AO Cong1,REN Aiqin,
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 781-791.  
    Abstract12651)      PDF(pc) (1311KB)(8714)       Save
    Yindongpo gold deposit which is located in the middle part of Weishancheng AuAg ore belt in Tongbai County is a super large gold deposit and associated silver,lead and zinc.Petrographic,microthermometric and laser Raman spectroscopic studies were carried out on fluid inclusions in quartz from gold ores.The results show that three types of primary fluid inclusions occur in gold ores:vaporliquid two phase inclusions,CO2bearing three phase inclusions and vaporrich inclusions. Oreforming fluid is NaClH2OCO2 system with a little N2,CH4,H2S and H2.The fluid immiscibility is the main factor leading to the precipitation of ore materials.The homogenization temperatures and salinities of three types of inclusions range from 1692 ℃ to 3992 ℃ and 18% to 122%. The salinity of CO2bearing three phase inclusions is lower than that of vaporliquid two phase inclusions.The oreforming pressure of major mineralization phase is mainly 62-1263 MPa, corresponding to the depth of 52 km.The δ34S value of pyrite in the ore varies from 16‰ to 33‰,which is lower than δ34S value of pyrite in wall rock which varies from 33‰ to 62‰. It indicates that the sulfur in the ore may be derived from the mixing of mantle sulfur and wall rocks.
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    Effect of Natural Organic Matter on Removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from Water by Nanoscale ZeroValent Iron
    WANG Enze, WEI Zhiwei, CAO Xi, YAN Zelong, CHEN Jiawei
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 818-824.  
    Abstract12551)      PDF(pc) (6337KB)(9274)       Save
    The application of nanoscale zerovalent iron (nanoFe0) in contaminated groundwater is fast developed for environmental remediation in recent years. However, the reactivity of nanoFe0 is impacted by different environmental factors. Among them, the ubiquitous natural organic matter (NOM) is an important issue. Herein, humic acid (HA) is taken as a model of NOM and batch experiments were conducted on the effect of HA on the removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from water by nanoFe0. The results showed that the presence of HA could significantly mitigate the reaction rate and removal efficiency of Cr(Ⅵ), which is due to the adsorption of HA onto nanoFe0 and the decrease of active sites on the surface of nanoFe0. In addition, the dissolved oxygen could enhance the removal of Cr(Ⅵ) by nanoFe0. The interaction of HAnanoFe0Cr(Ⅵ) could provide theoretical and practical value for further revealing the mechanism of remediation systems.
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    Tight Sand Reservoir Features of He 8 Member in Eastern Ordos Basin: A Case Study of Qingjian District in Zizhou Gasfield
    GUO Zhi, JI Guang, WANG Guoting, PENG Yanxia
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 880-889.  
    Abstract12509)      PDF(pc) (10452KB)(9088)       Save
    Qingjian district is one of the most promising succeed blocks for stable production of Zizhou gasfield in eastern Ordos Basin. Because the study area is large with only a few drilling wells, the degree of geological knowledge is relatively low and the study area is still in the early stage of development evaluation. Taking He 8 reservoir as the research object, based on a series of fine geological research work such as sedimentary analysis and reservoir evaluation in a comprehensive comparison with Sulige tight sand gasfield, effective sand bodies thickness, scale, development frequency and distribution regularities were defined. Through analysis, it is clear that effective sand bodies scattered in space with poor continuity, have a good corresponding relationship with the distributions of the favorable sedimentary facies such as channel bars. The effective sand bodies are mainly concentrated in western sand belt in plane, and are more developed in the second layers of upper and lower submembers of He 8 member vertically. Combining geological information and production testing data, “continuous effective thickness” was chosen as the main parameter for reservoir evaluation, and reservoirs were classified into 4 types: good, medium, poor and dry layer. Then, enriched area was optimized, and the study area was divided into 3 types of zones according to different development potentials. It is recommended to deploy vertical wells in enriched zone and not to apply horizontal wells under the current technical and economic situation. This study provides a reliable geological basis for the preparation of gasfield development plan, and it is also of a certain reference significance to the geological research in the gasfields with similar conditions.
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    Relationship Between Granophyre and Molybdenum Ore of Wangwu Mining District in North Wuyi Region: Evidences from Zircon U-Pb and Molybdenite Re-Os Dating
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (1): 59-68.  
    Abstract12448)      PDF(pc) (3735KB)(17039)       Save

     The Wangwu Mo-Cu deposit is one that has been explorating and has the potential of large or super-large scale in recent years in North Wuyi region. Based on the study of geological feature, with LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating, the granophyre vein weighted mean age is (127.5±1.8) Ma(MSWD=1.4).It is shown that the deposit formed in Early Cretaceous Epoch. Using molybdenite Re-Os dating, the isochron age is (153.7±3.2) Ma(MSWD=3.9). It indicates that metallogenesis of Mo occurred in Late Jurassic Epoch. The diagenesis age of granophyre vein is much later than that of Mo deposit, which shows that there is no relationship between them. Comparing the neighbor deposit mineralization feature and analyzing the existed information, it infers that the rock of molybdenum is acidic granite porphyry or biotite granite, which is located in the deep area of southeastern part of the ore district. The major metallogenesis age of Mo is Early-Late Jurassic Epoch (155 Ma±) and Early Cretaceous Epoch(135 Ma±) in North Wuyi area. During this period, the formation of Mo and Cu deposits are related to magmation caused by paleopacific plate subducting.

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    Cited: Baidu(5)
    Permeability Variation Models and Case Studies for Undersaturated Coalbed Methane Reservoirs
    Lv Yumin, LIU Yinghong, TANG Dazhen, LI Zhiping
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 914-921.  
    Abstract12442)      PDF(pc) (4257KB)(8825)       Save
    Coal reservoir permeability is under very complicated change due to the combination of the effective stress effect and matrix shrinkage effect during the depletion of reservoir pressure. Nowadays a large number of models have been established to describe permeability variation with the depletion of reservoir pressure. However, no attempt has been made to draw enough attention to the difference of the effect of various factors on permeability variation in different production stages of unsaturated coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs. This paper summaries the existing and common permeability models, and determines the relationship among various effects (effective stress effect, matrix shrinkage effect and Klinkenberg effect) and desorption characteristics of the recovery of unsaturated CBM reservoirs, then establishes two improved models to describe quantificationally permeability variation by improving the existing models, and finally discusses influence factors on permeability variation with a case study of Hancheng CBM field in Ordos Basin. Results show that the permeability variation during the recovery of unsaturated CBM reservoirs can be divided into two stages: the first one is that the permeability variation is only affected by the effective stress effect, and the second is that the permeability variation is affected by the combination of effective stress effect, matrix shrinkage effect and Klinkenberg effect. In the second stage, matrix shrinkage effect and Klinkenberg effect play much more significant role than effective stress effect, leading to the increase of permeability with depletion of reservoir pressure. A comparative study of the improved models indicates that the improved SD model is more sensitive to various parameters than the improved PM model and the improved models, and can describe dynamic permeability variation more exactly than the original ones. Thus, the case study, by improved SD model, on Hancheng CBM field shows that the increase in coal reservoir permeability is determined by gas saturation, and the damage in coal reservoir permeability is controlled by the difference between the initial reservoir pressure and critical desorbed pressure, and the descending order of the average increment is 3#, 11# and 5#.
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    Characteristics of Diorite from Jiling Pluton and Its Relationship with Uranium Metallogenic in Longshou Mountains, Gansu Province
    NIE Li, ZHAO Ruyi,CHEN Xu, FENG Bo, WANG Gang, LI Ying
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 760-769.  
    Abstract12412)      PDF(pc) (34300KB)(8842)       Save
    Jiling pluton is Caledonian magmatic rock in Longshoushan uranium ore belt. Diorite is one of the main rock types of Jiling pluton, which emplaced in the Early Caledonian. Diorite is mainly distributed in Xinshuijing and Jiling area;the early diorite is graydark gray mediumgrained; while the later one is dark gray finegrained.This investigation obtains (4856±14) Ma as the age of the mediumgrained diorite by LAICPMS zircon UPb dating. The research shows that the diorite plays an important role in later uranium metallogeny. The altered diorites provide the Ubearing hydrothermal fluids for unloading space. There are albite, chlorite, calcite, and hematite in altered diorite. With increasing of U content, SiO2 content is a bit increasing while Na2O increasing obviously; the K2O,FeO and P2O5 contents are obviously decreasing; and CO2 content increases at first and decreases when U content is much higher, but it is slightly increasing overall. By comprehensively studying and analyzing, the diorite is regarded as a favorable host rock to sodium metasomatic uranium, and the contact belt of diorite and granite provides a physicochemically sharply changing setting as a physicochemical barrier for the uranium enrichment.
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    Zircon UPb Age, Geochemical Characteristics and Geological Significance of Shanzixingshan Basalt in Shuanghu, Northern Tibet
    MA Long1, LI Zhongxiong1, LI Yong1, LIU Han1, WU Chengshu2, WEI Hongwei1, DENG Q
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 748-759.  
    Abstract12410)      PDF(pc) (6807KB)(8806)       Save
    This paper reports the isotopic geochronology and geochemistry of Shangzixingshan basalt in Shuanghu, Northern Tibet for the first time. Zircon LAICPMS UPb dating yields a mean age of (2358±27) Ma, indicating that these lava should form in the Ladinian period. The geochemical characteristics of the basalt suggest that the SiO2 contents range from 4284% to 5222%, TiO2 contents range from 161% to 269%, FeOT/MgO ratios range from 152 to 194, which can be attributed to tholeiitic basalt of subalkaline series. For Shanzixingshan basalt, the ∑REEs range from 11409×10-6 to 20847×10-6, (La/Yb)N ratios range from 490 to 650, and relatively enriched in LREE. The trace element patterns for Shanzixingshan basalt are very similar to those of the OIBtype basalts. Petrogenesis research shows that crystallization differentiation played important roles in the magma evolution. The incompatible element ratios (La/Nb, La/Ta, Zr/Ba) and Ti content indicate that the basaltic magma may be generated by the interaction of the asthenosphere and lithosphere mantle. The high Zr content and Zr/Y ratio show the characteristics of intra plate basalts in the extensional setting. Combined with regional geological available data, we suggest that the Middle Triassic basaltic magma was originated from the partial melting of the upwelling asthenosphere due to the slab window opening, which probably caused by slab breakoff in the process of the SouthQiangtang Block and the NorthQiangtang Block collision, whereas the exhumation of Late Triassic metaluminousperaluminous magmatic rocks and highpressure metamorphic rocks is resulted from extensional tectonics in response to orogenic collapse.
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    Sedimentary Composition of Reef Succession Since Cenozoic in Xisha Areas: An Example from the Xike1 Well
    ZHAO Xinwei, XU Hong, SUN Zhipeng
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 852-862.  
    Abstract12397)      PDF(pc) (10875KB)(8821)       Save
    Reefs are essentially in place calcareous deposits created by sessile organisms. Xisha areas developed thick strata of reef that are formed since the Miocene. Using microscopic and macroscopic observation for the Xike1 well that is fullcoring, combing with paleontology and core test results, we found that Miocene and Quaternary were the main reefbuilding stages in the Xike1 well, then formed two sets of reef succession that is respectively masked by the coralline algae and the coral as the main reefbuilding organism, in which accessory reef organisms are benthic foraminifera. However, Pliocene developed a set of bankfacies deposits. The rock type of this reef succession principally include framestone, boundstone and bafflestone, in which framestones are dominated. Nonreef facies rocks included marlstone, grain limestone and bioclastic limestone. Dolomite formation developed extensively in the Late Miocene to Early Pliocene, which was more caused by the penecontemporaneous dolomitization and affected by hydrothermal activity. Deposition analysis of the reef successions can provide the basic data for oil and gas exploration and distribution of reef reservoir in the South China Sea.
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    Formation Behaviors of Methane Hydrate in Porous Media below Freezing Point
    ZHANG Yu, LI Xiaosen, CHEN Zhaoyang, YAN Kefeng
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 922-928.  
    Abstract12263)      PDF(pc) (2653KB)(9001)       Save
    The hydrate formation in porous media below freezing point is a complicated multiphase transition process, including water, ice, hydrate and bound water. In order to study the formation behaviors of methane hydrate in porous media below freezing point, such as water conversion, gas consumption and stable conditions, the formation experiments of methane hydrate in porous media were carried out. The silica gels with the mean pore diameters of 1295 nm, 1796 nm and 3320 nm were used as the porous media for the experiments. The experimental results indicate that the water conversion in the porous media after the hydrate formation increases with the increase of the initial formation pressure, the decrease of the bath temperature and the increase of the mean pore diameter. The particle size of the porous media reduces the formation rate of the hydrate but has a slight effect on the final gas consumption. At the same experimental temperature, the system pressure after the hydrate formation, the final gas consumption and the final water conversion increase with the increase of the initial formation pressure. The differences of final system pressure and water conversion in the different initial pressure experiments increase with the formation temperature. Due to the effect of the capillary force and the bound water in porous media, the water conversion of the hydrate formation significantly becomes lower. At the experimental conditions in this study, the highest water conversion is up to 32.39%.
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    Geochemical Tracing of Fluid from Upper Cambrian-Ordovician in Well Gucheng 4,Eastern Tarim Basin
    WANG Dong,WANG Guo-zhi,RAN Qi-gui,LIU Shu-gen,HU Jiu-zhen,ZHANG Chang-jun
    Geoscience    2008, 22 (4): 586-591.  
    Abstract12255)      PDF(pc) (751KB)(4733)       Save

    Comparison studies for Upper Cambrian and Ordovician in well Gucheng 4 in eastern Tarim basin based on carbon,oxygen,strontium isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusions between country rocks of carbonate and fills in fissure,suggest that source of fluid in the MiddleUpper Ordovician is much different from that in Upper Cambrian.87Sr/86Sr of calcites filled in limestone fissure in Middle-Upper Ordovician is 0.708,4-0.708,8 and it is similar to that from Ordovician seawater;the fluid belongs to CH4-H2Osystem.Obvious isotopic differences of carbon and oxygen between fills in fissure and country rock indicate that the fluid is not directly  from the country rock and from Ordovician carbonate at other locations.The87Sr/86Sr of calcites filled in dolomite fissure in Upper Cambrian is 0.713,8 and it is higher than that of contemporary seawater,and the fluid belongs toCH2-H2O system.Fluid in the lower system is an introduced fluid with abundant Sr.Different fluid sources in Upper Cambrian and Ordovician imply that Upper Cambrian has a better preservation condition.

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    Cited: Baidu(1)
    Study on Formation Mechanism of Epigenetic Altered Zone in Zhiluo Formation, Northeastern Ordos Basin, North China
    LI Xide,YI Chao,GAO Hewei,CHEN Xinlu,ZHANG Kang,WANG Mingtai
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 739-747.  
    Abstract12191)      PDF(pc) (11750KB)(8676)       Save
    The area of northeastern Ordos Basin, which is rich in uranium resource, is one of the important metallogenic belts for sandstonetype uranium deposits in China. Previous study shows that uranium mineralization here is closely related to paleo interlayer oxidation. On the basic study of material composition and geochemical index of each epigenetic altered sandstone and original sandstone in paleo interlayer oxidation zone in Zhiluo Formation, it can be concluded that the main differences of material composition between green sandstone and gray sandstone are the content of clay minerals, calcites and pyrites. Moreover, the sandstone has its own characteristic of epigenetic alteration in different altered type. Finally, the formation mechanism of paleo interlayer oxidation has been discussed in this paper through the research of each epigenetic altered sandstone features which provides an important theoretical basis for deepening the uranium mineralization mechanism and establishing regional uranium metallogenic model in the study area.
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    Factors Controlling the Low Radioactivity of Oil Shale in the 7th Section of Dameigou Formation of Jurassic in Northern Qaidam Basin
    GUO Wang1, ZHANG Yunpeng1, LI Yonghong2, JIANG Ting1, YANG Haixing3, DANG Hongli
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 905-913.  
    Abstract12187)      PDF(pc) (2311KB)(8463)       Save

    The factors controlling the low radioactivity of oil shales in the 7th Section of Dameigou Formation of Jurassic in Northern Qaidam Basin were primarily discussed.Taking oil shales and dark shales in typical wells in Yuqia area as the research objects,the constituent, watermedium condition, radioactivitysource supply and their relation with radioactivity were analyzed in detail combined with logging data, oilyield test and the analysis of organic geochemistry, Xray diffraction and element geochemistry.The results show that, compared with dark shales, oil shales are generally characterized by the following attributes, lower GR, higher oil yield and organic matter content,stronger reducingsedimentary water, lower claymineral content and weaker source weathering.Therefore, it can be inferred that the enrichment of organic matters and the condition of anoxic water medium hardly influence the radioactivity of oil shales, however, the limited input of terrestrial clay minerals and radioactive substances, caused by the semiarid climate, may dominate the low radioactivity of oil shales in the study area.

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    Cited: Baidu(2)
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 0-.  
    Abstract12157)      PDF(pc) (3268KB)(8528)       Save
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    Trace Element and REE Geochemical Characteristics of Sandstonetype  Uranium Deposit in the Dongsheng Area of the Ordos Basin,China
    XUE Wei, Xue-Chun-Ji, Chi-Guo-Xiang, Peng-Yun-Biao, WANG Kai
    Geoscience    2010, 24 (4): 776-784.  
    Abstract12130)      PDF(pc) (8075KB)(4358)       Save

    This study examines the geochemical characteristics of the Dongsheng sandstonetype uranium deposit in the Ordos basin in order to find geochemical signals that are useful for uranium deposit exploration. Trace element analyses were carried out for uranium ores, uraniummineralized sandstones, and nonmineralized country rock (sandstones and shales). The results indicate that Pb and Mo have close relationships with uranium mineralization, with the highest concentrations in the uranium ores, then in the uraniummineralized sandstone, and lowest in country rocks. Therefore, Pb and Mo can be used as indicator elements for uranium mineralization. This is reflected by the “W” pattern (three peaks representing Pb, U and Mo) in the spider diagram. REE patterns suggest that the ores, mineralized sandstones and nonmineralized country rocks were initially formed from the same material sources, sedimentary environments and tectonic settings. The fact that some of the uranium ores are enriched in HREE relative to other uranium ores suggests two stages of uranium mineralization, a diagenetic stage overprinted by a hydrothermal mineralization.

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    Rearranged Hopanes Compositions in Pyrolysis Experiment of Crude Oil and Geochemical Significance
    CHEN Julin, ZHANG Min
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 871-879.  
    Abstract12111)      PDF(pc) (5154KB)(9072)       Save
    In order to study the influence of thermal evolution on the formation and distribution of rearranged hopanes as well as geochemical significance, pyrolysis experiment was conducted on crude oil from the TZ62 well in Tarim Basin. The analytical results showed that thermal maturity played an important role on the formation and distribution of rearranged hopanes. At the experimental temperature of 400 ℃ to 500 ℃,with the increase of degree of thermal evolution, the thermal cracking of microcrystalline wax and the thermal degradation of the asphaltene in crude oil have made a main contribution to the formation of rearranged hopanes. Peak oil cracking was corresponding to the experimental temperature at 500 ℃ to 550 ℃,and hopanoids concentrations decreased obviously. Furthermore, 17αhopane had a faster rate of thermal cracking than rearranged hopanes during peak oil cracking stage. Higher degree of thermal evolution played an important role in methyl rearrangement during the experimental temperature increasing from 550 ℃ to 600 ℃. Rearranged hopanes parameters (17αdiahopane/17αhopane, Ts/Tm) were nearly unchanged when the experimental temperature ranges from 400 ℃ to 500 ℃. Rearranged hopanes parameters increased gradually while experimental temperature ranging from 500 ℃ to 550 ℃(corresponding peak oil cracking). However, the parameters then shows an apparent reversal at the temperature of 550 ℃ to 600 ℃. The reversal in these parameters was mainly the result that 17αhopane had faster rate of hydrocarbon generation than rearranged hopanes. Rearranged hopanes parameters can be used as effective maturity parameters at the stage of the late oil window to peak oil cracking.
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    Genesis of the Chalcopyritebearing Silicalite in the Tongyugou Copper Ore District, Qinghai Province and Its Geological Prospecting Significance
    LUO Fan,XUE Chunji,ZHAO Xiaobo,HUANG Yongsen,WANG Xiongfei, DAI Zhijie,WU
    Geoscience   
    3D Metallogenic Prediction Based on Minerogenetic Series: A Case Study in Tongling Mineral District of Anhui
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (1): 230-238.  
    Abstract12027)      PDF(pc) (11334KB)(16597)       Save

    In order to quantitatively predict the underlying mineral resources in Tongling mineral district and implement mixed genesis prediction according to the different deposit types, 3D metallogenic prediction based on minerogenic series is imperative. In this paper, we summarized two minerogenic series on the basis of previous studies, including the minerogenic series related to the Yanshanian magmatism and the sedimentary-reformation(metamorphic) minerogenic series. In addition, we summarized the porphyry-skarn-hydrothermal metallogenic model in the study area. Using 3D visualization technology, the 3D digital mine is modeled. After that,by implementing “cubic predicting model”prospecting method, we carried out a three-dimensional metallogenic prediction in the study area, and delineated 14 predicted targets according to the value of information and geolo-gical condition. Our research combines the traditional two-dimensional regional metallogenic prediction methods with advanced visualization technologies successfully, and extends the prediction of mineral resources within the region to three-dimensional space, makes it more conducive to concealed ore delineation work within the region, and also provides a reference for future three-dimensional prediction.

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    Cited: Baidu(3)
    Soil Moisture Retrieval from Remote Sensing and Its Impact on Evapotranspiration in Qaidam Basin
    WANG Kailin,JIN Xiaomei,GUO Renhong,WEI Shanrong, LIANG Hua
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 834-841.  
    Abstract11980)      PDF(pc) (9093KB)(8893)       Save
    Soil moisture is the core content and link of the groundwatersoil wateratmospheric water circulation system. Evapotranspiration(ET) is the important driving force of this system. The study of distribution of soil moisture and its effect on ET from regional scale has great significance on ecoenvironmental protection in arid areas. Based on MODIS and GLDAS data, the monthly soil moisture from June to September in 2014 was estimated in plain area in Qaidam Basin after downscale treatment of 0-10 cm GLDAS surface soil moisture data using Apparent Thermal Inertia(ATI) method. The retrieval results were validated by combination of field measurement and NDVI. Furthermore, the mean daily ET was estimated in 9 drainage basins of plain using the Surface Energy Balance System(SEBS), and the relationship between soil moisture and ET was also analyzed in this study. The result indicated that the correlation between ATI soil moisture and 0-10 cm downscaling GLDAS data was good and the determination coefficient R2 is more than 07. The determination coefficient R2 between retrieval result of soil water content and field measurement is 0791, and the R2 between soil water content and NDVI is 0954. Therefore, it is reliable to retrieve soil moisture in Qaidam Basin based on downscale treatment of GLDAS data using ATI method. The daily ET is positively correlated with soil moisture and the determination coefficient R2 is more than 096. The impact of soil moisture on ET is much more than other impact factors.
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    Threedimension Experimental Investigation of Hydrate Dissociation by the Combined Method with Dual Horizontal Wells
    FENG Jingchun, LI Xiaosen, WANG Yi, ZHANG Yu, LI Gang
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 929-936.  
    Abstract11956)      PDF(pc) (3130KB)(8931)       Save
    Depressurization in conjunction with warm water injection with dual horizontal wells was employed to investigate the gas production performance of hydrate dissociation in a cubic threedimension simulator. Based on the process of pressure and temperature changing with time, the experiment can be divided into four sections,i.e. the free gas release stage, the quiescence stage, the depressurization stage and the injection stage. The experimental results showed that hydrates formed a second time in the free gas release stage and the quiescence stage. In the injection stage, the hydrate was dissociated under the synergistic effect of depressurization and thermal stimulation. The change of the hydrate/gas/water saturation indicates that the hydrate can be dissociated completely. In addition, the energy ratio in this study is higher than that in the previous study by the vertical well with the Huff and Puff method.
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    Geochemical Characteristics and Tectonic Setting of Precambrian Granitic Gneiss in the Western Segment of Altyn Tagh Tectonic Belt
    QIN Xiao-feng; XIA Bin; LI Chun-quan; LI Jiang; LU Ji-pu; XU Hua; ZHOU Fu-sheng;
    Geoscience    DOI: CNKI:SUN:XDDZ.0.2008-01-006
    The Metallogenic Regularities and Metallogenic Prognosis for the Xinping Gold Deposit in Pingnan County, Guangxi
    ZHOU Yequan,PANG Baocheng,LI Yuanqiang,L Jiawen,LAI Xin
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 770-780.  
    Abstract11911)      PDF(pc) (11806KB)(8565)       Save
    The Xinping gold deposit, located in the eastern part of Dayaoshan metallogenic belt in southeastern Guangxi, is a typical altered rock type gold deposit. Controlled by EW and NE secondary faults, the ore bodies mainly occur in fracture zones which formed in Cambrian strata, or in contacting belt between strata and graniteporphyries, or in graniteporphyries. The gold mineralization has close relationship with silicification, pyritization and sericitization. Based on geological characteristics of the deposit, metallogenic regularities and the geochemical anomalies, we put forward six prospecting targets in two prospective areas.
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    Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Micropore Structures of the 5th Shale Member of the Xujiahe Formation of Upper Triassic in Sichuan Basin
    PENG Jianlong,ZHANG Jinchuan,WEI Pengfei,LONG Shuai,HUANG Xiao,
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 896-905.  
    Abstract11910)      PDF(pc) (8499KB)(8957)       Save
    To deeply study the micropore characteristics of the 5th shale member of the Xujiahe Formation of Upper Triassic in Sichuan Basin, the microscopic pore structures of the shale reservoir were systematically studied by using Argoion polishing Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM), low temperature nitrogen adsorptiondesorption technology and related geochemical experiments. Meanwhile, the influences on the development of nanopore were discussed. The studies revealed that the micropores in shale can be classified into organic pores, inorganic pores (intergranular pores, intragranular, intercrystalline pores and dissolution pores) and the microcrack can be classified into structure microcrack, pressure crack form hydrocarbon generating and expelling, diagenetic constricted crack. Whats more, the pore structures can be mainly divided into three kinds, such as cylindrical pore with both ends open, Slit shaped holes between the parallel planes and taper pipe bore. The micropore diameters are largely ranged from 1 to 80 nm and the peak is distributed in 2 to 8 nm. The pore volume is mainly composed of mesopores (2 to 50 nm) with the proportion of 6021% (or mainly composed of the pores of clay mineral with the proportion of 4462%). In addition, organic richness and the content of clay minerals are believed to be the main controlling factors of nanopore development.
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    Paleogene Calcareous Algae and Sedimentary Environment in Tüna Area of Yadong in Southern Tibet
    NIU Xiaolu, LI Guobiao, WANG Tianyang
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 863-870.  
    Abstract11893)      PDF(pc) (1218KB)(8891)       Save
    Continuous Paleogene marine deposits are outcropped in southern Tibet. Yadong area in southern Tibet was once located in the Tethyan residence sea basin and developed the youngest wellexposed marine sediments (the highest marine layer, HML). The age of the HML stands for the final closing age of the residual basin. The study on HML in this area can provide direct information about the late evolutionary history and the closing age of eastern Tethys. Based on the detailed analysis on the calcareous algae fossils from the Gulupu section in Tüna of Yadong area, eleven species of seven genus of Corallinaceae, four species of four genus of Dasycladaceae, one species of one genus of Codiaceae have been identified and three assemblages have been recognized from the Zongpu Formation and Zhepure Formation, which are ranked from bottom to up as follows: Lithoporella melobesioidesLithophyllum carpathicum assemblage, Lithoporella melobesioidesOvulites margaritula assemblage, Distichoplex biserialisJania denotata assemblage. Based on the study of the characteristics of calcareous algae fossil assemblages, it is inferred that during Late Paleocene to Eocene Tüna region should be located in a shallow shelf environment and the depth of sea water might gradually decrease to be less than 30 m until Late Eocene.
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    Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Evolution Laws of Groundwater in Haiyuan Basin, Ningxia
    CHEN Li,ZHANG Fa-wang,CHENG Yan-pei,LIN Wen-jing,CHEN Jiang,ZHANG Lin
    Geoscience    2009, 23 (1): 9-14.  
    Abstract11856)      PDF(pc) (4379KB)(7954)       Save

    Based on the hydrochemical and isotopic data, this paper analyzes the hydrological geochemistry characteristics of Haiyuan basin combining with the existed geological and hydrogeological data of this area. As a whole, the chemical fields of local groundwater have the obvious zonation patterns from the recharge area to the runoff area,and to the discharge area, which are in conformity with the evolution law of water quality in arid basin. Geochemistry simulation shows that the local water-rock interaction changes gradually from the dissolution-mixture action in the recharge area into the dissolutionevaporation action in the discharge area, chemical compositions of the Tertiary strata and the circulation condition have a great influence on the groundwater quality. Isotopic features show that the Nanhua Mountain-Xihua Mountain fault controls the groundwater recharge of Haiyuan basin, so far, there is little impact of exploitation on the quality of deep groundwater. In some sites, the improved water quality with the exploitation of groundwater was observed, one explanation for this is that the increasing velocity of local water shortens the water-rock interaction time.

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    Cited: Baidu(13)
    Platinum Group Elements (PGE) Geochemistry of the Ore-Bearing Intrusive Body I from the Baimazhai Cu-Ni Deposit in the Ailaoshan Jinshajiang Tectonic Zone and Its Significance
    QI Xue-xiang,ZHU Lu-hua,LI Zhi-qun
    Geoscience    2010, 24 (1): 98-106.  
    Abstract11838)      PDF(pc) (9256KB)(4452)       Save

    The mafic-ultramafic intrusive rock body I is the largest for Baimazhai Cu-Ni deposit distributed in the Ailaoshan-Jinshajiang tectonic zone. It is a ringlike body consisting of orebearing peridotite, mineralized pyroxenite and gabbro phase zones from the center to margin. Accordingly, the contents of SiO2,TiO2,Al2O3,CaO,Na2O and K2O are increasing gradually, and that of TFe and MgO are decreasing as well; the concentrations of ∑REEs, and LREE/HREE ratios are increasing gradually from the central phase to outer phase. Along the same direction, δEu shows negative to positive anomalies; the abundance of the large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and high field strength elements varies increasingly, but the contents of magmatophile elements have a reversal evolutive trend. The PGE distributive patterns are the PtPd type, the Pt/Pd ratios of 0.32-0.68 are between the values of enriched sulfide tholeiite (0.38) and primitive upper mantle (1.36), and the similarity of partition patterns of chondritenormalized REE, MORB-normalized trace element and primitive mantle normalized PGE for the rocks of the three phase zones, indicate the Baimazhai intrusive body I formed by the evolution, liquation, intrusion and diagenesismetallogenesis of basaltic magma. The fact that stable sedimentary succession outcropped in the deposit district, intrusive contact relationships between the sediments and the intrusion and the Zr-Y-Nb diagram of the ring rock body shows the Baimazhai intrusion body formed in an intracontinent. The lower Ti content, strongly Th positive anomaly, and the Th/Ta ratios, Th/Nb ratios, Pd/Pt ratios and the primitive mantle normalized Ir-group patterns for Baimazhai intrusive body I, which are different from those of the Emeishan basalt and typical mantle plume basalts, but similar to those of basalts from a continental rift, suggest that the Baimazhai intrusive body I are probably formed in the tectonic settings of continental rift.

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    Determination of Hydrocarbon Charging History by Diagenetic Sequence and Fluid Inclusions: A Case Study of the Angdaercuo Area in the Qiangtang Basin
    LI Junwei, LI Qi, XIA Xianghua, GE Dongsheng, SHI Yalan, WANG Xing
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 890-895.  
    Abstract11828)      PDF(pc) (4088KB)(9057)       Save
    This paper systematically analyzed the fluid inclusion samples from outcrop of the Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in Angdaercuo area of Qiangtang Basin using fluorescent indicator, microscopic temperature and salinity measures. Two stages of fluid inclusions were identified in calcite veins and microfractures in calcite. Aqueous inclusions indicate that homogenization temperatures are mainly 64 to 198 ℃, therein, 80 to 130 ℃ and 130 to 180 ℃ represent two large scale hydrocarbon accumulation phases: the early hydrocarbon accumulation is dominated by oil and gas; the late hydrocarbon accumulation is dominated by oil. Combined with the burial history of Qiangtang Basin, the results of this study suggest that the hydrocarbon accumulation occurred during 100 to 156 Ma (Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous).
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    Cited: Baidu(8)
    Formation Mechanism and Characteristics of Non-tectonic Fractures in Shales
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (1): 155-162.  
    Abstract11785)      PDF(pc) (1952KB)(17624)       Save

    Non-tectonic cracks are commonly observed in shale and some of them are greatly significant for the evaluation of shale gas accumulation and preservation. On the basis of the previous research and considering the inherent characteristics of shale, a category scheme of shale fractures has been put forward, and the forming mechanisms of the non-tectonic shale cracks has been summarized. According to the core and field observations, we briefly depicted the characteristics of the non-tectonic shale cracks. Among the non-tectonic cracks of shale, those bedding cracks formed in the diagenesis and those overpressure fractures induced by undercompaction or hydrocarbon generation have close relationship with shale gas accumulation and preservation.

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    Cited: Baidu(4)
    Determination of the Element Anomaly Threshold and the Enclosed Abnormal Area by Using ContentArea Fractal Method Based on MAPGIS:Exampled by Yangmingshan Area of Hunan Province
    CUI Yuliang, WANG Genhou, LANG Xinxin, ZENG Zhifang
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 811-817.  
    Abstract11781)      PDF(pc) (9340KB)(8842)       Save
    The determination of thresholds of chemical elements is one of the important problems in geochemical exploration. At present, there is not a scientific way to confirm the thresholds.The traditional way to determine the thresholds of chemical elements is based on the assumption of normal distribution of the element contents or their logarithms. In fact,the space distribution of geochemical element content is extremely complex; and the studies showed that the geochemical landscape may be a lowdimensional chaotic attractor system. The background values and anomalies of the elements have their own exponential relationship, which lead to a multifractal distribution, thus obtaining the anomaly threshold of element through the distribution of fractal elements. In this paper, the method of dividing area of geochemical exploration sample analysis data in Yangmingshan in Hunan is adopted. The threshold is determined through mixed application of fractal and traditional methods according to the distribution of data,drawing out the Sn anomaly map. It obtained better performance than by using the traditional method only, and the abnormal area enclosed by the element anomaly thresholds which is determined by the new method highly conformed to the known ore spots.
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    Rare Earth Element and Trace Element Geochemistry of Shalagang Antimony Deposit in the Southern Tibet and Its Tracing Significance
    for the Origin of Metallogenic Elements 
    QI Xue-xiang ,LI Tian-fu,YU Chun-lin
    Geoscience    2008, 22 (2): 162-172.  
    Abstract11745)      PDF(pc) (2397KB)(2975)       Save

    Shalagang antimony deposit of the southern Tibet occurs in carbonaceous slate, pelitic siltstone and silicalite in the Jiabula Formation of the Lower Cretaceous, and diabase in Yanshanian and gabbro in Himalayanian. The ore bodies are controlled by E-W striking interlayer faults and S-N striking faults. The weakly country rock alteration distributed along the ore bodies with symmetrical plane and zone. Analytic results show the REE patterns of the carbonaceous slate and silicalite are similar to that of the upper crust and shale in Paleozoic and Mesozoic. The REE patterns of the gabbro with LREE depleted, HREE enriched and slightly Eu depleted flat curves are different from that of Yanshanian diabase in the southern Tibet with LREE enriched and without Eu abnormal curves. The strong enrichment and high fractionation of LREE, moderate depletion of Eu and strong depletion of Ce in the Chondritenormalized REE patterns of the antimony ores are different from those of hydrothermal fluid and exhalite from the black- and white- smoker chimney within Mid-Atlantic Ridge, North Atlantic seawater and Woxi Sedex type W-Sb-Au deposit, but the Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the antimony ores have the strong reversed change with that of Himalayanian gabbro. Furthermore, the characteristics of strongly negative anomaly of Nb and positive anomaly of Ce and Ba in the trace element MORB-normalized spider diagram for antimony ores show the similar to and different from those for Himalayanian gabbro, carbonaceous and silicalite. The sulfur isotopic compositions of sulfides from Shalagang antimony deposit (δ34S)range from-2.6‰ to-4.1‰ besides 10.3‰ and-41.6‰. All above show the metallogenic elements were mostly derived from the Himalayanian magma and less from adjacent rocks. The δD and δ18OH2O are-151‰ to-166‰ and 9.4‰ to 12.3‰,respectively, which show the ore-forming fluid was the mixed solution of postmagmatic hydrothermal and underground water.To sum up, Shalagang antimony deposit, which is an epithermal type,formed in Miocene and was related to the formation of the southern Tibet detachment system. The metallogenic elements are mostly derived from Himalayanian gabbroic magma, and less from the adjacent rocks. The water in the metallogenic fluid is derived from Himalayanian postmagmatic solution and underground water. 

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    On the Geochemical Characteristics, Provenance and Paleoweathering Degree of Triassic Xikang Group in Ruoergai Area in Sichuan Province
    BAI Xian-zhou, HE Ming-you, WANG Yu-ting, YANG Xue-jun
    Geoscience    2010, 24 (1): 151-157.  
    Abstract11739)      PDF(pc) (5467KB)(2938)       Save

    Through a comprehensive study on the major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements of fluvial sand of Triassic Xikang Group in Ruoergai area in Sichuan Province, this paper found that the fluvial sand of this area has the same contents of SiO2, P2O5 and MnO as that in PAAS. It is enriched in Na2O, CaO and poored in Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, K2O and TiO2.The content of trace element W is far greater than the supracrustal abundance. The contents of Nb and Ta are far lower than the supracrustal abundance, but it is about same as lower crustal abundance. The contents of Sc are lower than the supracrustal abundance. Petrogenic element Sr is a little higher than crustal abundance. The capacity of rare earth elements is relatively higher. The average value is 133.97×10-6, which is close to 112×10-6-the capacity of rare earth elements in the crust. Light rare earth elements are richer than heavy rare earth elements. It has medium negative europium anomaly. The distribution curves of rare earth elements show a consistent rightward declined light rare earth elements enrichment pattern. It is thought that its geochemical characteristics are similar with that of continental arc and passive continental margin sediment. To sum up other geological data, it is concluded that Kangdian old land is a possible provenance region of fluvial sand of Triassic Xikang Group in Ruoergai area.

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    Cited: Baidu(1)
    Formation Water Chemical and Hydrodynamic Fields and Their Relations to the Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Pre-Tertiary of Dongying Depression,Shandong
    ZHA Ming,CHEN Zhong-hong
    Geoscience    2008, 22 (4): 567-575.  
    Abstract11735)      PDF(pc) (1150KB)(2565)       Save

    The formation water chemical characteristics in the pre-Tertiary had good response to the sedimentary conditions in Dongying Depression. The contents of total salinity and chloride ion increased from the Archean to the Cambrian in the Lower Paleozoic for the invasion of sea water, and decreased from the Ordovician to the Mesozoic with the stronger tectonic movement and the worsen conservation environment.The vertical distributions of the formation water chemical and dynamical belts have obvious zoning features. According to the vertical characteristics of the formation water, three hydrological environments can be divided: formation water frequency alternation belt(0-1.1 km), formation water alternate blocking belt(1.1-1.75km)and formation water alternate tardy belt(>1.75km).In every belt,the total salinities, ions and ion composition ratios have different responses to strata, and the blocking belt and the tardy belt were favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. There mainly developed CaCl2 type water and NaHCO3type water, and the NaHCO3 type water was substituted by the CaCl2 type water with the content of total salinity increasing.The hydrodynamic field of the pre-Tertiary in Dongying Depression had characteristics of symmetry, and from the Archean to the Mesozoic the center of the hydrodynamic field and the symmetrical axial line changed. The hydrodynamic field in the central depression was controlled by centrifugal flow, and the hydrodynamic field in the boundary of the basin was mainly dominated by endocentric flow, and in the sluicing positions of the centrifugal flow in contacting region by the centrifugal flow and endocentric flow were the favorable targets for hydrocarbon accumulation.

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    Cited: Baidu(12)
    Dating for Ore-hosting Rock of the Gangcha Gold Deposit in Western Qinling Mountains and Its Geological Significance
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (1): 36-49.  
    Abstract11732)      PDF(pc) (6318KB)(17232)       Save

    Gangcha gold deposit is a new medium-sized gold deposit which was found in the northern margin along western segments of Western Qinling Mountains, and it is expected to be a larger scale. There are five ore veins in the deposit, which are limited by the fault zones. The shallow part of host rocks are the volcanic and volcanic clastic rock group. The sets of the volcanic rock groups have been identified as Lower Jurassic Langmusi Formation for a long time before. In fact, those are confirmed as Triassic with the age of (245±2) Ma by zircon U-Pb dating method applied to the tuffs in the group this time. Also, there are two kinds of intruded rocks which are granodiorites and quartz diorites in the deposit, and the both ages are confirmed as (242±2) Ma and (246±3) Ma by zircon U-Pb dating method, respectively. That means that those intrusive bodies and ore-hosting volcanic rock group are same magmatic activity products in Indo-Chinese epoch. Above results limited that the Gangcha gold deposit was formed under magmatic hydrothermal activities after tectonic magmatic activity of Early Triassic period. The study conclusion can provide new facts for advancing gold deposit genesis research and clearing exploration direction.

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    Cited: Baidu(6)
    U-Pb Isotopic Dating of Zircons from Porphyry Granite of the Fenghuoshan Mts., Northern Tibetan Plateau and Its Geological Significance
    WU Zhen-han, YE Pei-sheng, HU Dao-gong, ZHANG Wei, ZHOU Chun-jing
    Geoscience    2007, 21 (3): 435-442.  
    Abstract11709)      PDF(pc) (579KB)(2527)       Save

    Porphyry granites were genetically related to regional thrusting in the Fenghuoshan Mts., northern Tibetan Plateau. Both the granite emplacement and thrusting occurred in Oligocene, a key period of regional tectonic evolution according to field geological data. The porphyry granite and dark xenolith within the granite were sampled in northern Fenghuoshan Mts., and minerals of the samples were identified in detail by using microscope. SHRIMP U-Pb isotopic dating of zoned zircons from magmatic crystallization of the samples gives two groups of ages. Mean age of one group of U-Pb isotopic ages is (34.5±1.4)Ma, representing time of partial melting of the crust and formation of granitic magma. Mean age of another group of U-Pb isotopic ages is (27.6±0.5)Ma, representing time of granitic magma emplacement into the Yaxicuo group. Porphyry granite intruded in 27.6 Ma in northern Fenghuoshan Mts. belongs to the youngest granite complex outcropped in north Tibetan Plateau. U-Pb isotopic dating of the porphyry granite and its xenolith provides important time constrains for Cenozoic stratigraphic system, regional thrusting and plateau uplift.

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    Highresolution Sequence Stratigraphy and Lithofacies Palegeographic Analysis of Qigu Formation in Fudong Slope Area
    U Jingwei,LIU Xu,LIU Ni,XUE Cheng,WEN Huaguo,XU Wenli
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 842-851.  
    Abstract11684)      PDF(pc) (11835KB)(8893)       Save
    The Upper Jurassic Qigu Formation is the main exploration layer in the Fudong slope area in the east of Junggar Basin, which is thought to be the favorable replace objects of lithologic and stratigraphic reservoirs.Guided by highresolution sequence stratigraphic theory, one longterm base level circle,three midterm base level circles and eight shortterm base level circles are divided from Qigu Formation of Fudong slope area in east of Junggar basin through outcrops, drilling cores, seismic and logging dataMidterm base level circles have three basic types of sequence structure, and sandbodies positioned in initial stage of midterm base level circles are favorable for reservoir development, while shortterm base level circles have five basic types of sequence structure. Lithofacies palegeography is depicted in the framework, and the result shows that evolution of lithofacies palegeography is mainly affected by tectonic movement, and distribution range of delta front subfacies becomes larger, while delta plain becomes smaller, and the favorable sedimentary microfacies for reservoir development is distributary channel.
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    Application of Satellite Remote Sensing to 1∶250,000 Regional Quaternary Investigation in Amdo Sheet,Tibet
    ZHANG Xu-jiao; LI Tuan-jie; LU Ping; BAI Zhi-da; XU De-bin; CHEN Yun-fang
    Geoscience    DOI: CNKI:SUN:XDDZ.0.2008-01-017
    The Exhalativesedimentary Evidence of the Bainiuchang Ag-polymetallic Deposit, Yunnan, China: Constraints from Geochemistry of Host-rocks
    ZHU Chao-hui, LIU Shu-xia, ZHANG Qian, GU De-min
    Geoscience    2010, 24 (1): 120-130.  
    Abstract11677)      PDF(pc) (9690KB)(9559)       Save

    Studying if there took place extensive exhalative-sedimentary activities in the southeast Yunnan Province has been one of key factors to constrain origin of the Gejiu, Bainiuchang, and Dulong polymetallic deposits. The authors systematically study the geochemistry characteristics of host-rocks in the Bainiuchang Ag-polymetallic deposit in this paper. The host-rocks have the same distribution area with the sea-floor volcano or hotwater origin chert. Then normalized REE distribution patterns of hostrocks can be divided into two groups: One group with higher total REE contents indicates more normal sediments attendance. The other group with lower total REE contents possesses the similar normalized REE distribution patterns and parameters with rich-tourmaline banded hydrothermal sediments in the Canada Sullivan deposit and banded chert in iron-bearing formations in the Canada Agnico-Eugle deposit. And the pairs of trace elements show the similar characteristics with modern sea-floor hydrothermal sediments. In addition, the contents of As, Sb and Ag are similar with that of chert in the Dachang and the Gejiu mining districts. Based on above of all, it is indicated that the Bainiuchang Ag-polymetallic deposit is exhalative-sedimentary origin.

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    Characteristics and Prospecting Significance of the Thermoluminesence and Cell Parameters of Quartz from the Wangershan Gold Deposit, Jiaodong Peninsula, China
    ZHANG Long,LI Shengrong,ZHU Suizhou,LIU Ran,LI Wentao,SONG Yingxin
    Geoscience    2016, 30 (4): 792-801.  
    Abstract11613)      PDF(pc) (8330KB)(8500)       Save
    Gold mineralization of the Wangershan deposit can be divided into 4 stages including pyritequartz stage, quartzpyrite stage, polymetallic sulfide stage and quartzcarbonate stage. The thermoluminesence and cell parameters of quartz from the 4 stages were analyzed in this paper.The characteristics of the thermoluminesence curves show obvious single peak at middle temperatures for the quartz from the early and later stages and asymmetric twin peaks with strongest emitting intensity and complexity for the quartz from the main mineralization stage. It is an important prospecting criteria for gold in this area. At the depth of the veinⅢ, the thermoluminesence curves of the quartz appear to have shoulderlike and twin peaks, implying a good mineralization prospect downwards. The cell parameters of the quartz show a regular variation in time and space. In the main mineralization stage, the quartz cell parameters a0, c0 and v0 are relatively large with (Δa0/a0)/(Δc0/c0) ranging from 165 to 440, suggesting that trace elements are combined into quartz by gap filling and replacement with interstitial mode as the major way. The change of halfpeak bandwidth of the thermoluminesence is as the same as the cell parameters for quartz; therefore,the halfpeak bandwidth can also be taken as a criteria for goldrich and goldpoor quartz grains. According to the spatial variation tendency of the cell parameters and halfpeak bandwidth of quartz, the authors infer that the unmined region at large depth is presumably profitable for further gold mineralization prospect.
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    Geochemical Characteristics and Genesis of the Mengman Carlin Type-like Gold Deposit in Menghai County, Yunnan Province
    YANG Gui-lai,YANG Wei-guang,LUO Mei,HE Zhong-hua,LUO Shi-sheng,
    Geoscience    2007, 21 (4): 667-674.  
    Abstract11607)      PDF(pc) (403KB)(1111)       Save

    Mengman gold deposit in Yunnan is a middle scale composite micrograined-and laterite-type gold deposit, located at the south end of Sanjiang fold belt with a potential to become a large deposit for prospecting. The gold deposit is hosted in the schists of the Proterozoic Lancang Group, Middle Jurassic clastic rocks and Quaternary residual-slide rock and soil. This paper provides the data on geological setting, fluid inclusions and isotopic geochemistry of S, H, O, and Pb isotopes, and discusses the genesis of the gold deposit. The studies show that, the primary gold deposit is similar to Carlin-type gold deposit in geological and geochemical characteristics. The metal sources for mineralization are likely the Upper Proterozoic low-grade metamorphic rock series of the Manlai Formation of the Lancang Group, and the Middle Jurassic clastic rock series of the Huakaizuo Formation. The evidences from fluid inclusions and S, H, O and Pb isotopes indicate that ore-forming hydrothermal fluids mainly came from meteoric water. The mineralization of gold could be divided into two stages: the formation of gold source materials(preliminary concentration of gold), and the activation-migration-concentration of gold. The regional tectonic movement and magmatism are likely the major factors leading to activation, migration and concentration of gold. Therefore, it is important for the further prospecting to reinforce the study in petrology and petrofacies and paleogeography of the ore-bearing formations, and to reinforce the study of orecontrolling structures, their mechanical properties and the relationship with the major regional faults.

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