Sedimentary Facies and Model Characteristics of Middle Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Group in Sichuan Basin and Its Adjacent Areas

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.026

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, marine carbonate oil and gas exploration in China has made important discoveries. With the exploration breakthrough of gas reservoirs in the Longwangmiao Formation in Sichuan basin, increasingly more researchers are paying attention to the Cambrian carbonate reservoirs. The Cambrian Xixiangchi Group, as a favorable reservoir, is still in the initial exploration stage, with geological research degree development still lagging. Based on previous research results, the sedimentary facies and sedimentary system mode of Xixiangchi Formation in/around the Sichuan basin were studied, and lithofacies paleogeographic maps were produced. Besides, the “three shoal belts with two sags” sedimentary model of the Xixiangchi Formation was established, and the directions and fields of natural gas exploration were proposed. We discovered that: (1) the Sichuan Basin paleogeography in the Xixiangchi period was a carbonate rimmed platform, and the sedimentary facies of (semi-)restricted platform, evaporation platform, platform margin and slope basin were developed; (2) the “three-shoal belts with two sags” sedimentary model of Xixiangchi Formation is established. One of them is the platform-margin grain shoal, which is distributed along the eastern basinal margin. The other two are intra-platform grain shoals, which are distributed on the eastern and western side of the restricted platform facies, respectively, belonging to the restricted and semi-restricted platform facies; (3) the grain shoal of restricted platform facies is controlled by sea-level fluctuation and paleo-uplift. The platform-margin grain shoal is mainly distributed along the eastern basinal margin, with its development controlled by the slope break of sedimentary paleogeomorphology. To conclude, the grain shoal of restricted platform facies and of platform margin facies are good reservoirs and important targets of natural gas exploration. The new understanding of “three shoal belts with two sags” sedimentary model and grain shoal distribution of Xixiangchi Formation is of great theoretical significance to ancient sedimentary system studies.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, Xixiangchi Group, sedimentary facies, sedimentary model

CLC Number:

TE122.2

JIA Peng, HUANG Fuxi, LIN Shiguo, SONG Tao, GAO Yang, LÜ Weining, WANG Shaoyong, LIU Ce, FAN Jingjing, OUYANG Jinglin. Sedimentary Facies and Model Characteristics of Middle Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Group in Sichuan Basin and Its Adjacent Areas[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(03): 807-818.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1 Structural map of the Sichuan Basin

Fig.2 Comprehensive histogram of Baolong 1 well in Xixiangchi Group, Sichuan Basin

Fig.3 Development characteristics of tidal flat facies in Xixiangchi Group, Sichuan Basin

Fig.4 Comprehensive histogram of Guangtan-2 well in Xixiangchi Group, Sichuan Basin

Fig.5 Development characteristics of beach facies in the platform of Xixiangchi Group, Sichuan Basin

Fig.6 Development characteristics of lagoon facies in Xixiangchi Group, Sichuan Basin

Fig.7 Microscopic thin-section photo of evaporite in Jinshakong section (Xixiangchi Group), Sichuan Basin

Fig.8 Outcrop photos of the Jinshayankong section (Xixiangchi Group), Sichuan Basin

Fig.9 Development characteristics of lagoon in the Jiaoshiba section (Xixiangchi Group), Sichuan Basin

Fig.10 Development characteristics of mixed tidal flat in the Leshanfandian section (Xixiangchi Group), Sichuan Basin

Fig.11 Development characteristics of platform margin in Yongshunxiafu section (Xixiangchi Group), Sichuan Basin

Fig.12 Development characteristics of slope facies in the Yongshun section (Xixiangchi Group), Sichuan Basin

Fig.13 Development characteristics of basinal facies in the Huaqiao section (Xixiangchi Group), Haihua area

Fig.14 Schematic sedimentary model for the Xixiangchi Group in Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas

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