Genesis of Yangshan Fluorite Deposit in Western Henan Province: Fluorite REE Composition and Fluid Inclusion Thermomechanical Constraints

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2023.022

Abstract

Abstract:

The Yangshan fluorite deposit is located in Luanchuan County,Western Henan Province.The orebody is developed in the bottom of the Heyu granite,and is mainly controlled by NW- and NE-trending faults.Based on the study of rare earth elements and fluid inclusions of fluorite,the source of ore-forming materials,the ore-fluid properties and the ore genesis at Yangshan are discussed.The ΣREE content of stage Ⅱ fluorite ranges from 22.61×10^-6 to 287.94×10^-6,LREE/HREE is of 0.64 to 5.24,and there are negative Eu anomalies(δEu=0.50-0.92)and Ce anomalies(δCe=0.88-1.06).With depth increases,ΣREE decreases,whereas LREE/HREE and La_N/Yb_N increase,and δEu and δCe do not change significantly.This indicates that the overall metallogenic time sequence is from deep to shallow,and the vertical oxygen fugacity is relatively stable.From the purple fluorite to green fluorite,ΣREE increases,LREE/HREE and La_N/Yb_N decrease,and δEu and δCe increase,indicating that recrystallization evolves from purple fluorite to green fluorite.The fluid inclusions of fluorite are mainly gas-liquid two phases.The homogenization temperature and salinity of these inclusions are concentrated in the range of 80-155 ℃ and 0.3%-6.3%(NaCl_eqv.).Comprehensive analysis shows that the ore-forming fluid is mainly mixed with magmatic water and meteoric water,belonging to a low-temperature,low-salinity and low-density NaCl-H₂O system.Thus,Yangshan deposit is a low-temperature and low-salinity hydrothermal deposit.Comprehensive analysis of REEs and fluid inclusion characteristics of fluorite shows that the fluorite precipitation may have been controlled by water-rock reaction.

Key words: fluorite, metallogenic-geological characteristic, rare earth element, fluid inclusion, Yangshandeposit

CLC Number:

WANG Qibo, ZHANG Shouting, TANG Li, LI Junjun, SHENG Yuanming. Genesis of Yangshan Fluorite Deposit in Western Henan Province: Fluorite REE Composition and Fluid Inclusion Thermomechanical Constraints[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(06): 1524-1537.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Tectonic map of the Qinling Orogen Belt (a) (modified after reference [11]) and distribution of fluorite deposits in the Heyu ore concentrated area (b)(modified after reference [12])

Fig.2 Geological map of the Yangshan fluorite deposit(modified after reference [8])

Fig.3 Profile of exploration lines 400(a) and 401(b) in the Yangshan fluorite deposit(modified after reference [7])

Fig.4 Photos showing the ore characteristics of different stages of the Yangshan fluorite deposit

Fig.5 Normalized REE patterns of the fluorite and wall rock of the Yangshan fluorite deposit

Fig.6 Photographs of fluid inclusion characteristics of the Yangshan fluorite deposit

Table 2 Temperature measurement results of fluid inclusions of the Yangshan fluorite deposit

成矿阶段	测试矿物	包裹体类型	测试数量	长轴长度(μm) (集中分布)	均一温度(℃) (集中分布)	盐度(NaCl_eqv.)(%) (集中分布)	密度(g/cm³) (平均值)
Ⅰ	萤石	L+V	64	3.6~35.8 (5~15)	101.7~167.3 (110~155)	0.18~7.02 (0.3~6.3)	0.93~0.99 (0.96)
Ⅱ	990 m中段萤石	L+V	100	3.8~24.8 (5~10)	104.4~146.6 (115~140)	0.18~5.86 (0.3~5.7)	0.94~0.98 (0.96)
Ⅱ	940 m中段萤石	L+V	89	3.9~31.1 (5~15)	121.2~159.3 (120~145)	0.18~3.87 (0.3~2.4)	0.92~0.97 (0.95)
Ⅲ	方解石	L+V	29	5.7~52.6 (10~20)	60.6~151.3 (80~145)	0.53~6.45 (0.53~5.7)	0.94~1.01 (0.98)

Fig.7 Histograms showing fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures(a)(c)(e)and salinities(b)(d)(f)of the Yangshan fluorite deposit

Fig.8 Y/Ho-La/Ho (a)(basemap after reference [24]) and Tb/Ca-Tb/La (b)(basemap after reference [18]) diagrams of fluorites from the Yangshan fluorite deposit

Fig.9 Covariant map of temperature and salinity of the Yangshan fluorite deposit

Fig.10 Schematic metallogenic model for the Yangshan fluorite deposit

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