Abstract:

Endemic fluorosis is one of the most typical endemic distributing in northern China. Identifying the spatial distribution and genesis of high-fluorine groundwater is the premise of prevention and treatment of fluorosis. With comprehensive analysis of groundwater quantity in different aquifers, hydrogeological conditions and other factors of environmental impact, the spatial distribution of fluorine in groundwater is identified and the factors that influence the formation of high-fluorine groundwater are explained separately for shallow groundwater and deep groundwater. High-fluoride water in shallow aquifer is distributed in depression, slow flat slope, etc., which accounts for 47% of the total area of Southwestern Shandong Province. The concentration of F^- in most parts of shallow aquifer is around 1.2-2.0 mg/L, locally greater than 4.0 mg/L. The formation of shallow high-fluoride water is jointly influenced by climate, geological environment, groundwater flow characteristics and water chemistry environment. The genetic type of shallow high-fluoride water is leaching-evaporation concentrated. Deep highfluoride water, which has a horizontal zoning distribution, accounts for 65% of the total area of Southwestern Shandong Province. The concentration of F^- in most parts of deep aquifer is 2.0-4.0 mg/L, and it's distribution has a similarity with the Late Pleistocene sedimentary. Therefore, we deem that deep high-fluoride water is ancient groundwater formed in geological historical period.

Key words: high-fluoride groundwater, distribution, formation condition, hydrochemical characteristics, Southwestern Shandong Province