Abstract:

Based on basic geological conditions of onshore basins in Brazil and the theory of petroleum geology, basin types are classified and petroleum geological characteristics of different types of basins are studied with methods of analogy and analysis. South America platform underwent a complex tectonic evolution history, and three types of basins formed in Brazil, including Proterozoic superimposed basin, Phanerozoic craton basins, and Mesozoic failed rift basins. Proterozoic superimposed basin is characterized by its ancient strata, complex tectonic evolution history, Proterozoic source-reservoir-cap assemblages, and long thermal evolution history of source rocks. The similarities of the Phanerozoic craton basins are the evolution of “from rift to depression”, Paleozoic main sequences, one set of widespread source rock, and the generation and expulsion both influenced by intrusive rocks. In Mesozoic failed rift basins, both basic and petroleum geology are characterized by the features of rifted lacustrine basins. Through the research in regional evolution, classification, strata and tectonic characteristics, source rocks, reservoirs, cap rocks, and petroleum accumulation of these onshore basins, we hope the information mentioned above can be a reference in the nation's oversea targeting strategies.

Key words: South America platform, Brazil, basin type, assemblage of source-reservoir-cap rock, accumulation characteristics