Clay Mineralogy and Its Palaeoclimatic Indicator of the Late Paleocene to Early Oligocene  Sediments in Yongdeng, Lanzhou Basin

Abstract

Abstract:

Clay mineralogy of the Late Paleocene to Early Oligocene sediments in Yongdeng, Lanzhou and their palaeoclimatic interpretations were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our results showed that clay mineral composition of the sediments was dominantly illite, smectite, and chlorite, with minor palygorskite. From the Late Paleocene to Early Oligocene sediments illite content showed an upward increase trend, while the smectite content exhibited an opposite trend to that of illite. There were a sharp decrease in illite content and a rapid increase in smectite content at ~55 Ma in the curves of clay mineral composition. SEM observation showed that smectite flakes were replaced by authigenic palygorskite along the particle edges. Palygorskite derived from smectite usually displayed a hairlike shape, while the detrital palygorskite exhibited a short club outline. Clay mineralogy of the sediments indicated that arid/semiarid climate prevailed over the Late Paleocene to Early Oligocene period, but it changed from relatively humid to arid/semiarid conditions in Lanzhou basin, which was controlled by the global climate system, i.e, the planetary wind system, and the sharp change in illite and smectite contents at ~55 Ma indicated the global PETM event recorded in the area.

Key words: clay minerals, palygorskite；Late Paleocene-Early Oligocene, Lanzhou basin

CLC Number:

P534.61
P57

DENG Yan-Ping, HONG Han-Lie, YIN Ke, XU Yao-Ming, DU Juan, ZHANG Ke-Xin. Clay Mineralogy and Its Palaeoclimatic Indicator of the Late Paleocene to Early Oligocene Sediments in Yongdeng, Lanzhou Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2010, 24(4): 793-800.

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Clay Mineralogy and Its Palaeoclimatic Indicator of the Late Paleocene to Early Oligocene Sediments in Yongdeng, Lanzhou Basin

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