Screening of Marine Urease-producing Bacteria and Characterization of Their Produced Calcium Carbonate Minerals

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.170

Abstract

Abstract:

Urease-producing bacteria are widespread in nature, and the calcium carbonate biomineralization induced by these bacteria are widely used in various geological and engineering fields. This study aims to isolate the urease-producing bacteria from marine sediments, and to characterize the produced calcium carbonate crystals. The results may have potential applications in the geological and engineering fields. A total of 33 bacterial strains were isolated from the marine sediments sampled from Beidaihe (China), among which 10 bacterial strains were identified to produce urease. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses show that three strains belong to the Ochrobactrum genus, and the other seven strains belong to the Lysinibacillus genus. Two strains, O. anthropic CP57 and L. fusiformis CP66, were selected to characterize their calcium carbonate formations. The SEM, XRD, and SAED results show that the calcium carbonate formed by CP57 is irregular-shape calcite, whereas that formed by CP66 is irregular-shape or spherical calcite and vaterite. Further FTIR characterization of the bacterial calcium carbonate shows that the spectrum of CP57 at the wave numbers of 1,422 cm^-1, 711 cm^-1 and 875 cm^-1, correspond to the typical absorption peaks of calcite. However, exception appears in the FTIR spectrum of CP66, with two extra peaks at 1,081 cm^-1 and 743 cm^-1 clearly attributed to vaterite. Our results provide a foundation to reveal the mechanism of different morphologies and mineral phases formed by various bacteria.

Key words: urease-producing bacteria, biomineralization, calcium carbonate precipitation, calcite, vaterite

CLC Number:

P745

CHEN Huijia, ZHANG Huiqing, FENG Ying, WEI Shiping. Screening of Marine Urease-producing Bacteria and Characterization of Their Produced Calcium Carbonate Minerals[J]. Geoscience, 2022, 36(01): 212-220.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Screening results of the urease-producing bacteria

Table 1 Comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the urease-producing bacteria

菌株	属种	基因号	相似性/%	产脲酶活性
CP49	Ochrobactrum anthropi	KY770534	98.21	++
CP50	Lysinibacillus fusiformis	KU159195	98.67	++
CP51	Lysinibacillus fusiformis	KU159195	98.52	++
CP56	Ochrobactrum anthropi	MN176368	99.50	+++
CP57	Ochrobactrum anthropi	KY770534	98.09	+++
CP66	Lysinibacillus fusiformis	MN543803	98.91	++++
CP76	Lysinibacillus fusiformis	MW876146	99.37	+
CP77	Lysinibacillus fusiformis	KF208480	99.67	++
CP78	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	KU904281	99.77	+
CP79	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	KJ183074	98.95	+

Fig.2 XRD patterns of calcium carbonate induced by O. anthropic CP57 and L. fusiformis CP66

Fig.3 SEM images of calcium carbonate precipitates formed by O. anthropi CP57 and L. fusiformis CP66((a)—(c)CP57;(d)—(f)CP66)

Fig.4 TEM (a)(b) and SAED (c)(d) images of calcium carbonate precipitates formed by O. anthropi CP57 (a)(c) and L. fusiformis CP66 (b)(d)

Fig.5 FTIR spectra of calcium carbonate precipitations formed by O. anthropic CP57 and L. fusiformis CP66

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