Application of Soil Geochemical Survey in the Exploration of Lead-Zinc Polymetallic Ore in Waziping,Mianxian County,Shaanxi Province

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.02.15

Abstract

Abstract:

The Mianlueyang triangle area is an important polymetallic ore concentration area in the south of Shaanxi Province. The Waziping survey area is located in the eastern part of the Mianluekang structural melange metallogenic belt, silver-lead-zinc has high background, rich mineral sources and favorable geological conditions. On the basis of 1:25,000 soil geochemical survey in the whole region, 12 elements of Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, As, W, Ni, Cr, P and Mn were studied by means of multivariate statistical method. The geochemical characteristic parameters, element correlation, element distribution and single element anomaly characteristics were analyzed. In this paper, the law of element combination,enrichment dilution and the corresponding relationship between each element and its geological background are summarized. Combined with the information of metallogenic geological structure background and known ore spots in the area, 14 comprehensive anomalies are delineated, and three prospecting targets are optimized. Through the verification of typical anomalies, the channel exploration project is used to expose them, 6 alteration zones and 13 ore bodies are found in this area, which shows that this method has a good prospecting application value in this area.

Key words: soil geochemical survey, geochemical characteristics, prospecting target, Waziping district, Mianlueyang triangle area

CLC Number:

P632 ⁺.1

CHEN Bingjin, ZHENG Cuiyong, ZHAO Liangliang, YUAN Bo, WANG Zhaofei, ZHANG Yi, GUO Bin, YU Hongbo. Application of Soil Geochemical Survey in the Exploration of Lead-Zinc Polymetallic Ore in Waziping,Mianxian County,Shaanxi Province[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(02): 455-465.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 The brief regional geological map of Mianxian-Lueyang-Yangpingguan area

Fig.2 Geological map of the working area

Fig.3 Sampling location map of the working area

Table 1 Summary of soil sample analysis method, detection limit and reporting rate

分析元素	分析方法	检出限/10^-6		报出率
分析元素	分析方法	规范要求	方法实际	报出数	报出率/%
Au	石墨炉原子吸收法	0.000 3	0.000 2	6 307	100
Ag	发射光谱法	0.05	0.02	6 307	100
Cu	等离子体质谱法	2	1	6 307	100
Zn	等离子体质谱法	20	5	6 307	100
Cr	等离子体质谱法	10~15	5	6 304	99.95
W	等离子体质谱法	1	0.2	6 307	100
Ni	等离子体质谱法	1	1	6 306	99.98
Pb	等离子体质谱法	2	2	6 307	100
P	等离子体质谱法	100	20	6 307	100
Co	等离子体质谱法	1	1	6 307	100
Mn	等离子体质谱法	30	20	6 307	100
As	原子荧光法	0.5~1	0.5	6 307	100

Table 2 Statistics of soil geochemical measurements in Waziping area

元素	平均值 X₀	最小值 X_min	最大值 X_max	标准离差S₀	剔除前变异系数C_v1	剔除后变异系数C_v2	地壳元素丰度^[22]	浓集克拉克值	背景值	异常下限
Au	2.1	0.2	117.3	3.9	1.9	1.9	3.4	0.61	1.46	5
Ag	82.1	25	4 745	133.7	1.6	1.6	70	1.17	54.63	200
As	8.0	0.5	1 093	27.1	3.4	3.4	2.2	3.64	4.79	20
P	596.9	94	14 652	424.9	0.7	0.7	600	0.99	545.85	800
Cr	290.3	5.4	3 491	484.3	1.7	1.7	90	3.23	136.49	800
Mn	1 678.5	296	52 601	2 379.7	1.4	1.4	1 100	1.53	1 124.94	2 000
Co	31.0	4.6	243	21.9	0.7	0.7	20	1.55	26.43	70
Ni	186.5	4	3 439	404.1	2.2	2.2	71	2.63	65.28	300
Cu	58.6	7	710	40.3	0.7	0.7	54	1.09	54.21	100
Zn	115.5	29.7	1 745	75.8	0.7	0.7	85	1.36	103.51	200
W	1.4	0.2	61.59	1.8	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.26	1.20	3
Pb	19.0	3.9	1 787	29.5	1.6	1.6	13	1.46	16.75	40

Fig.4 The degree diagram of element variation coefficient dispersion in Waziping area

Table 3 Matrix of correlation coefficients of soil geochemical data in Waziping area

元素	As	Au	Ag	P	Cr	Mn	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn	W
Au	0.20	1
Ag	0.31	0.24	1
P	0.05	0.02	0.23	1
Cr	0.01	0.05	-0.04	-0.16	1
Mn	0.02	0.02	0.22	0.16	-0.01	1
Co	0.01	0.14	-0.03	-0.08	0.86	0.09	1
Ni	0.03	0.10	-0.03	-0.17	0.93	-0.02	0.86	1
Cu	0.07	0.16	0.30	0.25	-0.07	0.31	0.15	-0.11	1
Zn	0.12	0.11	0.41	0.30	-0.01	0.16	0.10	-0.03	0.46	1
W	0.07	0.03	0.11	0.08	-0.09	0.14	-0.09	-0.08	0.06	0.07	1
Pb	0.35	0.14	0.62	0.06	-0.05	0.09	-0.05	-0.05	0.07	0.27	0.09

Fig.5 R-cluster analysis diagram of ore-forming elements in Waziping area

Fig.6 Single element anomaly diagrams in Waziping area

Table 4 Comprehensive anomaly in Waziping area

异常名称	面积/km²	元素组合-规模表达式
ZY-1	0.402	W^0.213-Mn^0.111-Ag^0.093-A $s 0.0 86$ -P^0.075-Pb^0.064-Cu^0.050-Zn^0.035
ZY-2	0.373	Au^0.368-Ag^0.244-Cu^0.149-Pb^0.113-Zn^0.092-W^0.067-P^0.054
ZY-3	1.449	As^2.496-Au^2.138-Ag^0.883-W^0.846-P^0.363-Cu^0.232-Pb^0.194-Ni^0.176-Zn^0.163-Co^0.028
ZY-4	1.169	Au^1.124-As^0.925-Pb^0.235-Ag^0.215-W^0.184-Cu^0.161- $P 0.1 28$ -Ni^0.021-Zn^0.019
ZY-5	1.280	As^1.993-Ag^1.404-Pb^0.784-Zn^0.571-Au^0.557-W^0.525-Cu^0.398-P^0.331-Ni^0.033-Cr^0.027
ZY-6	3.979	Mn^8.373-Cu^1.573-P^0.964-W^0.522-As^0.507-Ag^0.434-Au^0.309-Zn^0.086-Pb^0.083-Ni^0.041-Cr^0.021
ZY-7	4.285	Mn^13.482-P^3.032-Ag^2.372-Cu^1.674-As^1.643-W^0.862-Au^0.637-Pb^0.335-Zn^0.199-Ni^0.163-Cr^0.066
ZY-8	0.912	Au^0.590-Zn^0.396-Cu^0.376-Ag^0.299-Pb^0.277-P^0.142-Mn^0.082
ZY-9	3.175	Ni^15.099-Cr^7.457-Co^3.275-Au^0.187-As^0.133-Mn^0.131-Pb^0.105-Zn^0.055-Cu^0.047-W^0.004
ZY-10	0.963	Ni^4.104-Cr^1.590-Au^0.906-C $o 0 . 816$ -Cu^0.332-Zn^0.223-Ag^0.083-P^0.066-Mn^0.053-Pb^0.025
ZY-11	0.956	As^1.198-W^0.909-Ni^0.603-Au^0.294-P^0.203-Zn^0.165-Cu^0.143-Cr^0.127-Co^0.050-Mn^0.037-Ag^0.011
ZY-12	1.947	P^1.314-Cu^0.862-Mn^0.556-Ni^0.548-W^0.305-Zn^0.296-Au^0.221-Ag^0.133-Co^0.046-As^0.040-Pb^0.031
ZY-13	2.291	Ni^1.019-P^0.942-Mn^0.795-As^0.474-Zn^0.364-Au^0.355-Cu^0.348-Ag^0.138-Co^0.106-Cr^0.097-W^0.088
ZY-14	2.247	Zn^1.520-Ag^1.391-P^1.169-Cu^0.956-Ni^0.734-Au^0.500-Pb^0.358-As^0.270-Mn^0.185-Cr^0.182-Co^0.051

Table 4 Comprehensive anomaly in Waziping area

异常名称	面积/km²	元素组合-规模表达式
ZY-1	0.402	W^0.213-Mn^0.111-Ag^0.093-A $s 0.0 86$ -P^0.075-Pb^0.064-Cu^0.050-Zn^0.035
ZY-2	0.373	Au^0.368-Ag^0.244-Cu^0.149-Pb^0.113-Zn^0.092-W^0.067-P^0.054
ZY-3	1.449	As^2.496-Au^2.138-Ag^0.883-W^0.846-P^0.363-Cu^0.232-Pb^0.194-Ni^0.176-Zn^0.163-Co^0.028
ZY-4	1.169	Au^1.124-As^0.925-Pb^0.235-Ag^0.215-W^0.184-Cu^0.161- $P 0.1 28$ -Ni^0.021-Zn^0.019
ZY-5	1.280	As^1.993-Ag^1.404-Pb^0.784-Zn^0.571-Au^0.557-W^0.525-Cu^0.398-P^0.331-Ni^0.033-Cr^0.027
ZY-6	3.979	Mn^8.373-Cu^1.573-P^0.964-W^0.522-As^0.507-Ag^0.434-Au^0.309-Zn^0.086-Pb^0.083-Ni^0.041-Cr^0.021
ZY-7	4.285	Mn^13.482-P^3.032-Ag^2.372-Cu^1.674-As^1.643-W^0.862-Au^0.637-Pb^0.335-Zn^0.199-Ni^0.163-Cr^0.066
ZY-8	0.912	Au^0.590-Zn^0.396-Cu^0.376-Ag^0.299-Pb^0.277-P^0.142-Mn^0.082
ZY-9	3.175	Ni^15.099-Cr^7.457-Co^3.275-Au^0.187-As^0.133-Mn^0.131-Pb^0.105-Zn^0.055-Cu^0.047-W^0.004
ZY-10	0.963	Ni^4.104-Cr^1.590-Au^0.906-C $o 0 . 816$ -Cu^0.332-Zn^0.223-Ag^0.083-P^0.066-Mn^0.053-Pb^0.025
ZY-11	0.956	As^1.198-W^0.909-Ni^0.603-Au^0.294-P^0.203-Zn^0.165-Cu^0.143-Cr^0.127-Co^0.050-Mn^0.037-Ag^0.011
ZY-12	1.947	P^1.314-Cu^0.862-Mn^0.556-Ni^0.548-W^0.305-Zn^0.296-Au^0.221-Ag^0.133-Co^0.046-As^0.040-Pb^0.031
ZY-13	2.291	Ni^1.019-P^0.942-Mn^0.795-As^0.474-Zn^0.364-Au^0.355-Cu^0.348-Ag^0.138-Co^0.106-Cr^0.097-W^0.088
ZY-14	2.247	Zn^1.520-Ag^1.391-P^1.169-Cu^0.956-Ni^0.734-Au^0.500-Pb^0.358-As^0.270-Mn^0.185-Cr^0.182-Co^0.051

Fig.7 Comprehensive anomaly and metallogenic prospecting target in Waziping area

Fig.8 Ⅰ-1 lead-zinc-silver ore body and ore characteristics

References 27

[1]	任小华, 王瑞廷, 毛景文, 等. 勉略宁多金属矿集区区域地球化学特征与找矿方向[J]. 地球科学与环境学报, 2007,29(3):221-226.
[2]	王启, 周静庭, 王晖. 陕西省勉略宁地区铅-锌矿地质特征及找矿方向[J]. 矿产与地质, 2006,20(Z1):389-391.
[3]	王钊飞, 赵亮亮. 陕西省勉县瓦子坪地区铅锌多金属矿成矿地质条件及找矿前景分析[J]. 有色金属(矿山部分), 2018,70(6):83-88.
[4]	席明杰, 马生明, 刘崇民, 等. 内蒙古准苏吉花铜钼矿区土壤地球化学异常特征与评价[J]. 地质与勘探, 2013,49(2):337-345.
[5]	杨笑笑, 罗先熔, 郑超杰, 等. 衡阳盆地北缘国庆矿区土壤地球化学特征及找矿方向[J]. 地质与勘探, 2018,54(4):762-771.
[6]	蒙勇, 文件生, 吕宇明, 等. 广西贵港银山岭铅锌矿土壤地球化学找矿研究[J]. 现代地质, 2011,25(5):1013-1020.
[7]	李鹏宇, 石文杰, 魏俊浩, 等. 青海省兴海县某地区铜多金属找矿潜力评价——基于1:5万土壤化探数据处理与异常信息提取[J]. 物探与化探, 2017,41(2):194-202.
[8]	董一博, 焦建刚, 刘凯, 等. 土壤地球化学测量在南秦岭夏家店金矿刘家峡测区的应用[J]. 地质与勘探, 2019,55(5):1202-1213.
[9]	刘邦定, 陈新跃, 罗小亚, 等. 湘南坪宝地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及找矿靶区预测[J]. 地质与勘探, 2015,51(4):722-730.
[10]	蒙勇, 陈云华, 唐朝永, 等. 湘东北小坑桥金矿成矿元素地球化学特征研究[J]. 地质与勘探, 2016,52(6):1048-1056.
[11]	翁望飞, 王德恩, 王敏. 安徽省休宁—歙县地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及找矿远景[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2018,37(5):932-942.
[12]	余晓彤, 肖凡, 周永章, 等. 粤西庞西垌地区银金地球化学异常信息挖掘与提取[J]. 地质与勘探, 2019,55(1):77-86.
[13]	赵亮亮, 郑崔勇, 袁波, 等. 陕西勉县俞家坪铅锌多金属矿地质特征及成因分析[J]. 有色金属(矿山部分), 2019,71(1):44-47.
[14]	王小毛, 赵亮亮. 勉县瓦子坪地区磷锰矿土壤地球化学特征及找矿前景分析[J]. 甘肃冶金, 2018,40(6):70-74,80.
[15]	丁坤, 梁婷, 王瑞廷, 等. 陕南勉略阳地区陈家坝铜铅锌多金属矿床稀土元素地球化学特征[J]. 西北地质, 2018,51(3):93-104.
[16]	张国宾, 杨言辰, 梁冰, 等. 黑龙江东部完达山地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及成矿预测[J]. 中国地质, 2017,44(3):588-603.
[17]	高永伟, 郭周平, 赵辛敏, 等. 青海北祁连冷龙岭地区水系沉积物元素地球化学特征及异常圈定[J]. 现代地质, 2018,32(3):468-480.
[18]	张筌豇, 刘应平, 白俊, 等. 大水沟碲铋矿床及其周边水系沉积物中碲的共生元素特征与找矿意义[J]. 矿物学报, 2019,39(2):192-200.
[19]	李飞, 施泽明, 裴云婧, 等. 土壤地球化学测量在博茨瓦纳中部地区的应用[J]. 物探与化探, 2014,38(1):58-62.
[20]	刘珊, 陈亮, 段先哲, 等. 土壤地球化学测量在黔东八瓢达冲金矿勘查中的应用与找矿效果[J]. 物探与化探, 2016,40(1):27-32.
[21]	蒋永臻. 土壤地球化学测量在赞比亚Mwombezhi地区铜钴矿预查中的应用[J]. 物探与化探, 2017,41(5):821-825.
[22]	黎彤, 袁怀雨. 大洋岩石圈和大陆岩石圈的元素丰度[J]. 地球化学, 2011,40(1):1-5.
[23]	臧金生, 王东晓, 赵瑞强. 化探异常定量评价[J]. 物探与化探, 2014,38(6):1114-1118.
[24]	陈力子, 刘满年, 杨拴海, 等. 秦昆结合部塔秀—曲什安地区水系沉积物测量地球化学特征及找矿方向[J]. 物探与化探, 2015,39(5):897-903.
[25]	张勤山, 马楠, 郝亚青, 等. 综合化探方法在青海夏日哈木超大型铜镍矿床中的找矿应用[J]. 物探与化探, 2016,40(3):429-437.
[26]	尹国良, 梁科伟, 杨福深, 等. 黑龙江省卫星—安全地区水系沉积物测量地球化学特征及找矿方向[J]. 物探与化探, 2017,41(3):402-409.
[27]	曲晖, 王佰义, 王建民, 等. 土壤地球化学测量在永新金矿勘查中的应用及找矿效果研究[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2018,26(2):143-152.