Geoscience ›› 2019, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (05): 1128-1136.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2019.004
• Environmental Geology • Previous Articles
CHEN Ruichen1(), CHEN Jian1(), CUI Zhijiu2
Received:
2018-12-02
Revised:
2019-04-26
Online:
2019-10-26
Published:
2019-10-28
Contact:
CHEN Jian
CLC Number:
CHEN Ruichen, CHEN Jian, CUI Zhijiu. Research on the Surface Textures of the Quartz Sand in Diamictons[J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(05): 1128-1136.
物理结构特征 | 成因与特点 |
---|---|
棱角状、高起伏 | 剪切、碰撞破碎导致磨圆度较差 |
深坑 | 固定挤压形成 |
叠瓦状的破裂构造 | 冰川磨碎作用的显著特征 |
擦痕、刻槽 | 颗粒间发生研磨滑动形成,呈现出长、深、平直的特点 |
平行条纹 | 定向滑动形成 |
剪切断口 | 剪切作用的结果 |
贝壳状断口 | 由碰撞或挤压形成的各种大小的贝壳状断口 |
冰碛的解理台阶 | 常叠加在贝壳状断口之上,碰撞或冻融释压导致破裂特征 |
翻翘片 | 碰撞使解理面发生翻翘 |
弯曲的棱脊 | 含量较低,碰撞形成并常在研磨中被改造 |
Table 1 Surface textures of quartz sands in the till
物理结构特征 | 成因与特点 |
---|---|
棱角状、高起伏 | 剪切、碰撞破碎导致磨圆度较差 |
深坑 | 固定挤压形成 |
叠瓦状的破裂构造 | 冰川磨碎作用的显著特征 |
擦痕、刻槽 | 颗粒间发生研磨滑动形成,呈现出长、深、平直的特点 |
平行条纹 | 定向滑动形成 |
剪切断口 | 剪切作用的结果 |
贝壳状断口 | 由碰撞或挤压形成的各种大小的贝壳状断口 |
冰碛的解理台阶 | 常叠加在贝壳状断口之上,碰撞或冻融释压导致破裂特征 |
翻翘片 | 碰撞使解理面发生翻翘 |
弯曲的棱脊 | 含量较低,碰撞形成并常在研磨中被改造 |
类型 | 含量 | 成因 | 反映的能级 |
---|---|---|---|
叠瓦状磨削 | — | 研磨 | **** |
裂隙 | ** | 碰撞、挤压 | *** |
断裂面 | ** | 碰撞、研磨 | *** |
平行条纹 | *** | 滑动 | *** |
断块 | **** | 剧烈碰撞 | *** |
贝壳状断口 | **** | 剧烈碰撞 | *** |
阶梯状断口 | ** | 碰撞 | ** |
翻翘片 | ** | 碰撞 | ** |
划痕 | ** | 滑动 | ** |
碟型坑 | ** | 碰撞 | ** |
弯曲脊 | * | 碰撞 | ** |
V型坑、痕 | * | 碰撞 | * |
边缘磨损 | * | 碰撞、研磨 | * |
Table 2 Surface mechanical textures of quartz sands in the rock avalanche
类型 | 含量 | 成因 | 反映的能级 |
---|---|---|---|
叠瓦状磨削 | — | 研磨 | **** |
裂隙 | ** | 碰撞、挤压 | *** |
断裂面 | ** | 碰撞、研磨 | *** |
平行条纹 | *** | 滑动 | *** |
断块 | **** | 剧烈碰撞 | *** |
贝壳状断口 | **** | 剧烈碰撞 | *** |
阶梯状断口 | ** | 碰撞 | ** |
翻翘片 | ** | 碰撞 | ** |
划痕 | ** | 滑动 | ** |
碟型坑 | ** | 碰撞 | ** |
弯曲脊 | * | 碰撞 | ** |
V型坑、痕 | * | 碰撞 | * |
边缘磨损 | * | 碰撞、研磨 | * |
沉积物类型 | 机械作用特征组合模式 |
---|---|
冰碛 | 棱角、次棱角状;丰富的贝壳状断口(大小尺寸均有)、少量翻翘片;平整解理面、深而直的擦痕、划痕细槽;固定研压的深坑 |
崩滑积 | 棱角状;丰富的贝壳状断口(大小尺寸均有)、阶梯状断裂以及撞击坑;平行划痕以及细槽;保留有易碎结构 |
黏性泥石流堆积 | 尖棱角状;极为丰富的贝壳状断口(大小均有),大型撞击坑、薄膜式撞击坑;刮削形成的表面擦痕 |
稀性泥石流堆积 | 次棱角状;大量贝壳状断口(中小断口居多)、大小撞击坑 |
滑坡型溃坝堆积 | 次棱角状、次圆状;断块、贝壳状断口、V型坑、碟形坑;磨光面少;上、中、下段分段性强 |
洪积 | 次棱角、次圆状;贝壳状断口(小断口居多)、V型撞击坑多;磨光面多 |
河流相 | 次棱、次圆、圆状;V型坑、小撞击坑、小贝壳状断口;较多磨光面 |
Table 3 Comparison of mechanical feature combinations in different diamictons
沉积物类型 | 机械作用特征组合模式 |
---|---|
冰碛 | 棱角、次棱角状;丰富的贝壳状断口(大小尺寸均有)、少量翻翘片;平整解理面、深而直的擦痕、划痕细槽;固定研压的深坑 |
崩滑积 | 棱角状;丰富的贝壳状断口(大小尺寸均有)、阶梯状断裂以及撞击坑;平行划痕以及细槽;保留有易碎结构 |
黏性泥石流堆积 | 尖棱角状;极为丰富的贝壳状断口(大小均有),大型撞击坑、薄膜式撞击坑;刮削形成的表面擦痕 |
稀性泥石流堆积 | 次棱角状;大量贝壳状断口(中小断口居多)、大小撞击坑 |
滑坡型溃坝堆积 | 次棱角状、次圆状;断块、贝壳状断口、V型坑、碟形坑;磨光面少;上、中、下段分段性强 |
洪积 | 次棱角、次圆状;贝壳状断口(小断口居多)、V型撞击坑多;磨光面多 |
河流相 | 次棱、次圆、圆状;V型坑、小撞击坑、小贝壳状断口;较多磨光面 |
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