Ecological and Environmental Effects of Raw Coal and Coal Combustion Pollution in Xuanhua, Hebei Province

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2018.05.18

Abstract

Abstract:

Geochemical distribution characteristics of 16 PAHs and 13 kinds of heavy metal elements,including Hg, Cd, V, Zn, Mn, Cr, Mo, U,etc., were investigated in the topsoil and near surface dust of the raw coal and coal combustion polluted area in Xuanhua, Hebei Province. The results showed that Hg and Cd are the dominant pollutant within about 100 meters in raw coal polluted area. While, Hg,V, and Cd were the dominant pollutants within 2, 000 meters in coal combustion area, where being downwind from coal burning enterprises. And the accumulation of Hg, Cd, Zn, Mo, U, PAHs in topsoil of the raw coal polluted area and Hg, V, Mo, U, Mn, Cr,PAHs of the coal combustion polluted area were mainly from atmospheric deposition. Enzyme activities of the urease, alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase in the soil were all restrained to varying degrees with the greatest of β-glucosidase in polluted areas. In addition, the inhibition of soil enzyme activities by coal combustion polluted is more significant than that of raw coal, implying the negative effect of coal pollution on soil carbon cycling.

Key words: coal pollution, surface soil, near surface dust, ecological effect, Xuanhua, Hebei Province

CLC Number:

P595
X701

LIU Yu, XIANG Wu, ZHANG Yanxi, XING Xudong, ZHU Jie, YANG Weilin. Ecological and Environmental Effects of Raw Coal and Coal Combustion Pollution in Xuanhua, Hebei Province[J]. Geoscience, 2018, 32(05): 1053-1062.

Figures/Tables 12

References 40

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元素	平均值	最大值	最小值	标准偏差	变异系数/%	原煤区降尘平均值	河北省土壤背景值	国家土壤二级标准值
Cu	21.48	29.35	17.60	2.12	9.87	21.00	21.8	100
Pb	21.89	26.30	17.40	2.06	9.41	22.73	21.5	80
Zn	64.65	76.00	54.80	5.69	8.80	76.54	78.4	300
Ni	25.98	32.00	21.85	2.06	7.93	22.48	30.8	100
Mn	617.28	695.40	548.75	35.08	5.68	555.83	608	—
Cr	59.65	67.60	46.10	4.67	7.83	54.09	68.3	250
Mo	0.70	0.84	0.59	0.07	10.00	1.44	0.7	—
As	8.89	11.60	5.43	1.37	15.41	6.72	13.6	25
Hg	0.029	0.104	0.015	0.016	54.42	0.053	0.036	1.5
Cd	0.15	0.21	0.10	0.03	20.00	0.23	0.09	0.8
U	2.04	2.79	1.43	0.22	10.78	3.77	1.94	—
Th	8.81	13.00	3.65	1.68	19.07	7.79	10.71	—
V	81.88	102.05	70.65	6.48	7.91	70.15	73.2	130

元素	平均值	最大值	最小值	标准偏差	变异系数/%	原煤区降尘平均值	河北省土壤背景值	国家土壤二级标准值
Cu	21.48	29.35	17.60	2.12	9.87	21.00	21.8	100
Pb	21.89	26.30	17.40	2.06	9.41	22.73	21.5	80
Zn	64.65	76.00	54.80	5.69	8.80	76.54	78.4	300
Ni	25.98	32.00	21.85	2.06	7.93	22.48	30.8	100
Mn	617.28	695.40	548.75	35.08	5.68	555.83	608	—
Cr	59.65	67.60	46.10	4.67	7.83	54.09	68.3	250
Mo	0.70	0.84	0.59	0.07	10.00	1.44	0.7	—
As	8.89	11.60	5.43	1.37	15.41	6.72	13.6	25
Hg	0.029	0.104	0.015	0.016	54.42	0.053	0.036	1.5
Cd	0.15	0.21	0.10	0.03	20.00	0.23	0.09	0.8
U	2.04	2.79	1.43	0.22	10.78	3.77	1.94	—
Th	8.81	13.00	3.65	1.68	19.07	7.79	10.71	—
V	81.88	102.05	70.65	6.48	7.91	70.15	73.2	130

元素	平均值	最大值	最小值	标准偏差	变异系数/%	燃煤区降尘平均值	河北省土壤背景值	国家土壤二级标准值
Cu	40.09	151.70	19.15	31.50	78.57	22.26	21.8	100
Pb	34.51	78.40	20.20	15.11	43.78	30.16	21.5	80
Zn	197.91	718.80	57.90	177.72	89.80	169.75	78.4	300
Ni	30.35	78.70	21.90	12.11	39.90	21.44	30.8	100
Mn	1 277.27	6 252.65	591.55	1 331.30	104.23	2 756.40	608	—
Cr	102.36	472.35	58.45	93.87	91.71	167.05	68.3	250
Mo	1.33	5.34	0.58	1.12	84.21	1.42	0.7	—
As	8.73	15.50	3.51	2.79	31.96	4.1	13.6	25
Hg	0.087	0.342	0.016	0.080	80.81	0.126	0.036	1.5
Cd	0.29	1.08	0.12	0.25	86.21	0.21	0.09	0.8
U	1.84	2.67	1.35	0.36	19.57	2.45	1.94	—
Th	9.27	13.45	4.65	1.94	20.93	8.43	10.71	—
V	196.18	1 146.55	80.50	258.01	131.52	373.42	73.2	130

元素	平均值	最大值	最小值	标准偏差	变异系数/%	燃煤区降尘平均值	河北省土壤背景值	国家土壤二级标准值
Cu	40.09	151.70	19.15	31.50	78.57	22.26	21.8	100
Pb	34.51	78.40	20.20	15.11	43.78	30.16	21.5	80
Zn	197.91	718.80	57.90	177.72	89.80	169.75	78.4	300
Ni	30.35	78.70	21.90	12.11	39.90	21.44	30.8	100
Mn	1 277.27	6 252.65	591.55	1 331.30	104.23	2 756.40	608	—
Cr	102.36	472.35	58.45	93.87	91.71	167.05	68.3	250
Mo	1.33	5.34	0.58	1.12	84.21	1.42	0.7	—
As	8.73	15.50	3.51	2.79	31.96	4.1	13.6	25
Hg	0.087	0.342	0.016	0.080	80.81	0.126	0.036	1.5
Cd	0.29	1.08	0.12	0.25	86.21	0.21	0.09	0.8
U	1.84	2.67	1.35	0.36	19.57	2.45	1.94	—
Th	9.27	13.45	4.65	1.94	20.93	8.43	10.71	—
V	196.18	1 146.55	80.50	258.01	131.52	373.42	73.2	130

距污染源距离/m	单因子污染指数(P_i)									多因子综合污染指数(P)
距污染源距离/m	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ni	Cr	Hg	As	Cd	V	多因子综合污染指数(P)
100	0.233	0.298	0.237	0.276	0.243	0.039	0.367	0.211	0.672	0.523
300	0.217	0.302	0.224	0.263	0.248	0.023	0.359	0.209	0.650	0.506
600	0.211	0.278	0.220	0.263	0.249	0.019	0.365	0.190	0.608	0.476
1 000	0.230	0.263	0.208	0.256	0.233	0.014	0.305	0.192	0.633	0.490
1 800	0.191	0.231	0.192	0.219	0.208	0.014	0.257	0.150	0.602	0.462
原煤区平均	0.216	0.274	0.216	0.255	0.236	0.022	0.330	0.190	0.633	0.491
500	0.360	0.506	1.210	0.233	0.573	0.062	0.222	0.329	2.814	2.448
1 000	0.324	0.545	0.868	0.303	0.703	0.056	0.425	0.302	2.859	2.091
2 000	0.230	0.334	0.372	0.247	0.274	0.033	0.304	0.235	0.892	0.671
5 000	0.222	0.340	0.224	0.250	0.261	0.019	0.306	0.179	0.671	0.513
燃煤区平均	0.284	0.431	0.668	0.258	0.453	0.042	0.314	0.261	1.809	1.431