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现代地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (03): 648-659.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.037

• 表生资源观测模拟与预测评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

岷江上游1995—2020年生态地质环境安全评价与时空演化分析

计扬1,2(), 巴仁基1(), 肖成志3, 刘磊1, 周雪妮1,2, 曹亚廷1   

  1. 1.中国地质调查局军民融合地质调查中心,四川 成都 610036
    2.自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室,北京 100055
    3.中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院,湖北 武汉 430074
  • 出版日期:2024-06-10 发布日期:2024-07-04
  • 通讯作者: 巴仁基,男,正高级工程师,1974年出生,主要从事生态地质和地质灾害研究方向。Email: brj1974@163.com。
  • 作者简介:计扬,男,工程师,1991年出生,主要从事生态地质和地质灾害研究方向。Email:553024034@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国地质调查局项目“岷江上游干旱河谷区生态保护修复支撑调查”(DD20220955);“青藏高寒区资源与环境调查监测与评价”(DD20220881)

Spatiotemporal Evolution and Assessment of Ecological and Geological Environment Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Minjiang River from 1995 to 2020

JI Yang1,2(), BA Renji1(), XIAO Chengzhi3, LIU Lei1, ZHOU Xueni1,2, CAO Yating1   

  1. 1. Civil-Military Integration Center of China Geological Survey, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Beijing 100055, China
    3. School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
  • Online:2024-06-10 Published:2024-07-04

摘要:

岷江上游是长江上游生态安全的重要屏障,在“5·12”汶川地震发生后,地下岩体、地表基质和地上生态都受到了严重的破坏。为探索岷江上游流域地震前后生态地质环境安全状况,从“地质环境-生态环境”两个维度选取了16个评价指标,基于AHP-PCA熵组合权重法对岷江上游流域1995年、2001年、2009年和2020年生态地质环境安全进行评价并分析演化趋势。结果表明:岷江上游流域生态地质环境安全整体以较安全-安全为主。其中,生态地质环境较安全-安全主要分布在流域的中、东部地区,较不安全-不安全主要分布在西、北部高山区以及深切河谷区,整体呈现中东部高、西部和北部低的格局。1995—2020年岷江上游生态地质环境安全整体呈现先降低后逐步升高的趋势。其中,流域北部及深切河谷区生态地质环境安全变化波动大,且呈现升高-降低-升高的趋势,生态地质环境不稳定;西南部生态地质环境安全整体以降低为主,虽降低区域逐渐减少,但总体生态地质环境仍持续变差;流域中部生态地质环境安全整体以升高为主,且升高区域逐渐增加,生态地质环境持续向好。本次研究结果可为岷江上游生态保护修复提供基础支撑。

关键词: 生态地质环境安全评价, 层次分析法, 主成分分析法, 最小信息熵, 岷江上游流域

Abstract:

The upper reaches of the Minjiang river are key barriers of ecological safety in the upper reaches of the Yangtze river. Since the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, the underground rock masses, surface matrix, and aboveground ecology were severely damaged. To investigate the status of ecological and geological safety in the upper reaches of the Minjiang river before and after the earthquake, we selected 16 evaluation indicators from the two dimensions of “geological environment-ecological environment”. We also evaluated the ecological and geological environment safety of the upper reaches of the Minjiang river basin in 1995, 2001, 2009, and 2020 based on the AHP-PCA entropy-combination weight method, and furthermore analyzed its evolution trend. The results indicate that the overall ecological and geological environments in the upper reaches of the Minjiang river basin are generally safe. Specifically, the ecological and geological environments are relatively safer in the central and eastern regions of the basin, while the relatively less safe or unsafe regions are mainly distributed in the western and northern high mountain areas and deep valley areas. This presents a general pattern of high safety in the central and eastern regions and low safety in the western and northern regions. From 1995 to 2020, the overall ecological and geological environment safety in the upper reaches of the Minjiang river showed a trend of decreasing at the beginning and then gradually increasing. The ecological and geological environment safety in the northern and deep valley areas of the watershed fluctuates greatly, showing an increasing-decreasing-increasing trend and unstable ecological and geological environments. The overall safety of the ecological and geological environments in the southwest is reduced after the earthquake. Although the reduced area gradually decreases, the overall ecological and geological environments continue deteriorating. The overall safety of the ecological and geological environments in the central part of the basin is generally increasing and the area is gradually increa-sing. The results of this study provide theoretical basis for the ecological protection and restoration in the upper reaches of the Minjiang river.

Key words: ecological and geological environment safety, analytic hierarchy process, principal component analysis, minimum information entropy, upper reaches of the Minjiang river

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