基于地震正演与井震结合的低序级断层描述技术及应用

现代地质 ›› 2017, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (02): 338-347.

基于地震正演与井震结合的低序级断层描述技术及应用

束宁凯¹(), 宋力², 汪新文¹

1.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
2.中石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院,山东东营 257000

收稿日期:2016-10-17 修回日期:2016-12-15 出版日期:2017-04-10 发布日期:2017-04-25
作者简介:束宁凯,女,硕士研究生, 1993年出生,矿产普查与勘探专业,主要从事油气构造地质综合研究。Email:522345876@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项“复杂断块油田提高采收率技术”(2016ZX05011-002);国家科技重大专项“全球剩余油气资源研究及油气资产快速评价技术”(2011ZX05028)

Technology of Fine Characterization of Lower-class Fault Based on Seismic Forward Modeling and Well-seismic Combination

SHU Ningkai¹(), SONG Li², WANG Xinwen¹

1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2. Shengli Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Dongying,Shandong 257000,China

Received:2016-10-17 Revised:2016-12-15 Online:2017-04-10 Published:2017-04-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

复杂断块油藏的开发实践表明,低序级断层控油作用明显,对低序级断层的精细刻画是研究不同类型断块油藏开发技术的基础和关键。随着开发程度的提高,断块油藏面临越来越复杂的地质条件,如断层、地层剥蚀、超覆等多种地质现象并存,地层接触关系及断裂系统复杂,给现有地震资料条件下低序级断层识别及组合带来极大的困难。针对这一难题,通过探索,形成了基于地震正演分析与井震结合的低序级断层识别与精细刻画技术:综合利用井震结合重建地层对比模式指导井上小断点的准确识别、井断点地震反射特征与地震正演结合建立断层地震识别标志、井引导地震属性分析断层平面组合规律、井震多层位精细解释刻画断棱断面及多层叠合验证空间组合关系。在“断层、剥蚀、超覆”共存的孤东二六区沙河街组,通过该方法的应用,重组了其复杂断裂系统,解决了长期以来的油水矛盾,取得了较好的应用效果。

关键词: 低序级断层, 地震正演, 井震结合, 复杂断块油藏

Abstract:

The development practice of complex fault block reservoir shows that, the lower-class fault controls the distribution of remaining oil obviously, therefore, the fine description of the low-class faults is a key to the research of different types of fault block reservoir development technology. Meanwhile, the development of fault block reservoir is facing more and more complicated geological conditions, that is, the faults, erosion, overlap and syndeposition and other geological phenomena often coexist, which have caused complex stratigraphic contact relationship and fracture system. Aiming at solving this problem, a technology of fine characterization of the lower-class fault and its combination has been formed based on seismic forward modeling and well-seismic combination, such as reconstruction of the stratum contrast pattern by well-seismic combination to guide the accurate fault ridge identification, establishment of lower-class fault seismic identification by the combination of multi-well integrated calibration and seismic forward modeling, well-seismic multi-attribute analysis, and well-control multi-horizon tracking for the fine description of fault edge. Then, a new complex fracture system has been rebuilt in Shahejie Formation of region 2 & 6, Gudong Oilfield, based on this method, which has screened out the confusing relationship between oil and water, and achieved high development performance.

Key words: lower-class fault, seismic forward modeling, well-seismic combination, complex fault blockreservoir

中图分类号:

TE122.1

束宁凯, 宋力, 汪新文. 基于地震正演与井震结合的低序级断层描述技术及应用[J]. 现代地质, 2017, 31(02): 338-347.

SHU Ningkai, SONG Li, WANG Xinwen. Technology of Fine Characterization of Lower-class Fault Based on Seismic Forward Modeling and Well-seismic Combination[J]. Geoscience, 2017, 31(02): 338-347.

图/表 11

图1 低序级断层的成因类型及几何特征

Fig.1 Genetic types and geometric features of lower-class fault

图2 低序级断层井震识别与精细刻画技术路线

Fig.2 Roadmap of well-controlled seismic analysis for fine characterization of lower-class fault

图3 孤东二六区沙河街组地层对比模式图

Fig.3 Stratum contrast pattern in Shahejie Formation of region 2 & 6, Gudong Oilfield

图4 断失、底超、顶超对比差异及识别模式图

Fig.4 Stratum contrast patterns of fault, overlap, erosion and their identification

图5 孤东二六区低序级断层地震识别标志

Fig.5 Seismic identification of lower-class fault in Shahejie Formation of region 2 & 6, Gudong Oilfield

图6 孤东二六区GD59-5井区井间低序级断层的识别

Fig.6 Identification of lower-class fault in Shahejie Formation of region 2 & 6, Gudong Oilfield

图7 孤东二六区井引导下地震属性切片分析

Fig.7 Well-control seismic attribute analysis in Shahejie formation of region 2 & 6, Gudong Oilfield

图8 井震多层位追踪精细刻画断棱断面

Fig.8 Well-seismic multi-horizon tracking for the fine description of fault edge

图9 孤东二六区沙河街组老新断裂系统对比(沙一底)与断层剖面特征

Fig.9 Old-new fracture system comparison in Shahejie Formation of region 2 & 6, Gudong Oilfield

表1 孤东二六区断层重新落实后分断块储量参数

Table 1 Reserve parameters after fault reidentification

断块	地质储量/万吨	采出程度/%	油水界面/m
GD68-X8	11.2	28.5	-2 479
GD69-1	45.7	35.1	-2 470
GD62	63.9	33.5	-2 322
GD62-1	52.5	34.7	-2 331
GD59-3	11.2	33.1	-2 287
GO6-30-1454	31.5	30.8	-2 254
合计	216	32.6

表2 孤东二六区断层重新落实后形成封闭小断块储量参数

Table 2 Reserve parameters of Closed small fault block formed in fault reidentification

断块	位置	预测地质储量/万吨	油水界面/m
1	GD13-5北	13.1	-2 329
2	GD68-1西	6.5	-2 519
3	GD65-4西	5.1	-2 355
合计		24.7

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