长江源区蒸散量变化规律及其影响因素

现代地质 ›› 2010, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 362-368.

长江源区蒸散量变化规律及其影响因素

裴超重¹,钱开铸¹,吕京京¹,辛元红²

1.中国地质大学,水资源与环境学院，北京100083;
2.青海省水文地质工程地质环境地质调查院，青海西宁810008

出版日期:2010-04-20 发布日期:2010-05-10
作者简介:裴超重,男,硕士研究生，1984年出生，水文地质学专业，主要从事生态水文学研究。 Email:peichaofan2003@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学重大研究计划项目(90302003)

The Variation of Evapotraspiration and the Impacts on It in the Source Region of the Yangtze River

PEI Chao-Zhong¹, QIAN Kai-Zhu¹, LV Jing-Jing¹, XIN Yuan-Hong²

1.School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing100083, China;
2.Survey Institute of Environment,Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Xining, Qinghai810008, China

Online:2010-04-20 Published:2010-05-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用空间分辨率为1 100 m 的NOAA遥感数据，运用表面能量平衡系统(SEBS)模型，结合当地气象站实际观测数据，计算了1991-2001年长江源区的蒸散量，运用线性回归的方法计算了源区各像素点的蒸散量变化趋势，统计分析了蒸散量的多年变化规律。运用地理信息系统技术分析了气温、地表温度、降水量和植被指数(NDVI)等主要因素对蒸散量变化的影响。研究结果表明，源区蒸散量以6.8 mm/a的速度增加。全球变暖引起的气温、地表温度的升高是蒸散量增加的主要原因；在空间分布上，河流左岸阳坡蒸散量增加，右岸阴坡蒸散量减小；降水量、植被覆盖度分别与蒸散量有很好的正相关关系，源区东南部降水量大，植被相对旺盛，蒸腾作用强烈，蒸散量大；西北部降水量小，植被生长稀疏，蒸散量较小。

关键词: 蒸散量, 表面能量平衡系统, 植被指数, 长江源区

Abstract:

The source region of the Yangtze River has experienced ecohydrology deterioration in lastest 2 to 3 decades. To analyse the region hydrological variations, exploit Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS), based on NOAA remote sensing data, and the meteorological data provided by local meteorological stations, we calculated the annual evapotranspiration (ET) in the source region of the Yangtze River from 1991 to 2001. Employing linear regression method to count the evapotranspiration trends in every pixel, we analysed the interannual variation of evapotranspiration spatially. Using Geographic Information System, the impacts of temperature, surface land temperature, precipitation and NDVI (vegetation index) on evapotranspiration variation have been assessed. The results show that evapotraspiration increases at the speed of 6.8 mm/a. The rising temperatures with the Global Warming are the main factors to lead to the interannual evapotraspiration increasing in the lastest two decades. In space, evapotranspiration increases at the left bank of the Yangtze River, which is sunny aspect, while the evapotranspiration decreases at the right bank of the river, back sides of the mountains. Precipitation and vegetation coverage have a good positive correlation with evapotranspiration respectively.Evapotranspiration in the southeast of the region with large rainfall and relatively dense vegetation is larger than that in the northwest of the region with small rainfall and sparse vegetation. Findings of this study may be significant for finding out relationship between water resources and climate changes.

Key words: evapotranspiration, SEBS, NDVI, source region of the Yangtze River

中图分类号:

P332.2

裴超重, 钱开铸, 吕京京, 辛元红. 长江源区蒸散量变化规律及其影响因素[J]. 现代地质, 2010, 24(2): 362-368.

PEI Chao-Zhong, QIAN Kai-Zhu, LV Jing-Jing, XIN Yuan-Hong. The Variation of Evapotraspiration and the Impacts on It in the Source Region of the Yangtze River[J]. Geoscience, 2010, 24(2): 362-368.

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