基于预测滤波的层间多次波衰减方法

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.078

现代地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (01): 121-126.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.078

基于预测滤波的层间多次波衰减方法

首皓¹(), 孙鲁平², 丁玲²

1.中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探开发研究院,北京 100083
2.中国地质大学(北京) 地球物理与信息技术学院,北京 100083

收稿日期:2022-03-30 修回日期:2022-10-30 出版日期:2023-02-10 发布日期:2023-03-20
作者简介:首皓,男,高级工程师,1979年出生,地球探测与信息技术专业,主要从事地震数据处理工作。Email: shouhao@petrochina.com.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42204128)

Inter-layer Multiple Attenuation Method based on Predictive Filtering

SHOU Hao¹(), SUN Luping², DING Ling²

1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Petro China, Beijing 100083,China
2. School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2022-03-30 Revised:2022-10-30 Online:2023-02-10 Published:2023-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在地震勘探中由于与反射信号时差小,层间多次波在近偏移距难以完全去除。地震剖面道集上近偏移距多次波的存在增加了反演的多解性,此外多次波在叠加剖面上形成的假反射也增加了解释的误差。提出一种基于预测滤波的层间多次波衰减方法,首先通过倾角滤波衰减中远偏移距的多次波,然后将含有残留的层间多次波的道集按照随机顺序排序,最后应用预测滤波方法按照随机干扰去除剩余的层间多次波。经实际数据检验,本方法对近偏移距小时差层间多次波具有良好的衰减效果。

关键词: 陆上地震数据, 层间多次波, 预测滤波

Abstract:

Because of the small time difference with the reflected signal, it is difficult to completely remove inter-layer multiples at the near offset. The presence of near offset multiples on the gathers increases the inversion multiplicity. In addition, false reflection by multiples on the stack section also increases the interpretation risk. In this study, an attenuation method of inter-layer multiples based on predictive filtering is proposed. First, the multiples of middle and long offset are attenuated by dip filtering; Second, the gathers containing residual inter-layer multiples are sorted in random order; Third, the residual inter-layer multiples are removed by predictive filtering. Through testing the actual data, our method presented here has good attenuation effect on inter-layer multiples, with short offset and small time difference.

Key words: land seismic data, inter-layer multiple, prediction filter

中图分类号:

P631.4

首皓, 孙鲁平, 丁玲. 基于预测滤波的层间多次波衰减方法[J]. 现代地质, 2023, 37(01): 121-126.

SHOU Hao, SUN Luping, DING Ling. Inter-layer Multiple Attenuation Method based on Predictive Filtering[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(01): 121-126.

图/表 5

图1 随机干扰衰减对比图 (a) 输入道集;(b) 随机干扰衰减后道集;(c) 衰减的随机干扰

Fig.1 Comparison section of random noise attenuation

图2 多次波随机化示意图 (a)含多次波与一次波道集;(b)多次波随机化后道集;(c)分离出的一次波;(d)分离出的多次波

Fig.2 Multiple randomization profile

图3 道集对比图 (a) 输入的叠前偏移后的道集;(b) 倾角滤波后道集;(c) f-x预测滤波处理后道集;(d) 残差数据处理后道集

Fig.3 Comparison of input gathers after prestack migration

图4 层间多次波衰减前后剖面对比图 (a) 未进行层间多次波衰减的剖面;(b) 层间多次波衰减后的剖面

Fig.4 Comparison of section before and after multiple attenuation

图5 多次波衰减前后自相关对比图 (a)多次波衰减前自相关剖面; (b) 多次波衰减后自相关剖面

Fig.5 Comparison of autocorrelation section before and after multiple attenuation

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基于预测滤波的层间多次波衰减方法

Inter-layer Multiple Attenuation Method based on Predictive Filtering

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