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现代地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (04): 1068-1082.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.143

• 地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑龙江省农业主产区土壤地球化学基准值与背景值

刘立芬1,2(), 栾欣婷1, 李瑛1, 杨兴1, 姜清龙3, 高博1, 刘晓兰1   

  1. 1.黑龙江省自然资源调查院黑龙江省黑土地水土资源研究重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150036
    2.自然资源部哈尔滨黑土地地球关键带野外科学观测研究站,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150086
    3.黑龙江省生态地质调查研究院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030
  • 出版日期:2025-08-10 发布日期:2025-08-27
  • 作者简介:刘立芬,女,高级工程师,1984年出生,主要从事土壤地球化学相关方向研究工作。Email: 107294895@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然资源调查院科研项目(HZD202204);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2022D029);中国地质调查局土地质量地球化学评价项目(12120113001000)

Geochemical Baseline and Background Values of Soil in Major Agricultural Regions of Heilongjiang Province

LIU Lifen1,2(), LUAN Xinting1, LI Ying1, YANG Xing1, JIANG Qinglong3, GAO Bo1, LIU Xiaolan1   

  1. 1. Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Black Soil Water and Land Resources Research, Heilongjiang Institute of Natural Resources Survey, Harbin 150036, China
    2. Harbin Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone in Black Soil, Ministry of Natural Resources, Harbin 150086, China
    3. Heilongjiang Institute of Ecological Geology Survey, Harbin 150030, China
  • Published:2025-08-10 Online:2025-08-27

摘要:

黑龙江省是我国重要的商品粮生产基地,开展土壤地球化学基准值与背景值研究,对科学评估土壤环境质量和加强黑土地资源保护利用等有着重要意义。本研究基于2005—2021年间黑龙江省开展的多目标区域地球化学调查和土地质量地球化学调查资料,主要以地球化学数据描述性统计分析方法对黑龙江省农业主产区深层和表层土壤中54项元素指标进行研究讨论,查明了各元素指标的含量区间和变异特征。对深层和表层样品分析数据进行正态分布和对数正态分布检验,计算土壤各元素指标的基准值和背景值,并对哈尔滨、大庆等12地市进行了分区统计。数据显示:(1)研究区表层和深层土壤中大部分元素指标特征参数较接近,反映该区土壤元素组成与土壤母质关系密切;(2)受地形地貌、成土母质、局部地区土壤盐渍化等因素影响,黑龙江各地市土壤基准值与背景值存在差异;(3)土壤地球化学背景值宏观反映了研究土壤养分及环境质量现状,研究显示研究区土壤中N、P、Corg等养分指标含量较丰富,基准值与背景值均高于全国,且区内Pb、Cd等重金属污染元素背景较低,土壤环境质量优良,黑龙江省绿色农业发展条件优越。本次研究覆盖黑龙江省的主要农业生产区,成果可为区域土地资源管护利用、生态环境保护等提供参考依据。

关键词: 黑龙江省, 土壤, 地球化学, 基准值, 背景值, 元素

Abstract:

Heilongjiang Province is a key commodity grain production base in China. Research on soil geochemical baseline and background values is crucial for scientifically assessing soil environmental quality and strengthening the protection and utilization of black soil resources. Based on data from multi-target regional geochemical surveys and land quality geochemical surveys conducted in Heilongjiang Province between 2005 and 2021, this study analyzed 54 elemental indicators in deep and surface soils of the province’s major agricultural regions using descriptive statistical methods. It clarified the content ranges and variation characteristics of each indicator, conducted normal and log-normal distribution tests on the data, calculated the baseline and background values for each element, and performed regional statistics for 12 cities including Harbin and Daqing.The results show that:(1) Most elemental indicators in surface and deep soils have similar characteristic parameters, reflecting a close relationship between soil elemental composition and parent material in the study area;(2) Differences in soil baseline and background values across cities in Heilongjiang are influenced by factors such as topography, parent material, and local soil salinization;(3) Soil geochemical background values broadly reflect the current status of soil nutrients and environmental quality. The study area has abundant nutrient indicators such as N, P, and Corg, with baseline and background values higher than the national average. Additionally, heavy metal pollutants like Pb and Cd have low background levels, indicating excellent soil environmental quality and favorable conditions for green agriculture development in Heilongjiang Province.Covering major agricultural regions of Heilongjiang, this study provides a reference for regional land resource management, ecological protection, and related fields.

Key words: Heilongjiang Province, soil, geochemistry, baseline value, background value, element

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