Geochemistry and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in the Top and Subsoil of Yanqing District in Beijing

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.02.24

Abstract

Abstract:

As Yanqing District in Beijing is the ecological conservation of the capital, the study on the distribution and the source identification of heavy metals in the soil is of great significance to ensure the safe use of land and to prevent the risk of their ecological environment. In this study, 2 354 topsoil samples and 44 subsoil samples were collected from Yanqing District, and the concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, V, Zn and Sc were respectively analyzed. Based on the methods of the spatial analysis, multivariate statistics analysis and positive matrix factorization, the spatial distribution characteristics of these metals in the soil were illustrated, and the potential sources were identified, and the relative contribution of the different sources was also calculated. Conclusively, elements of V, Cr, Ni and As in the topsoil are mainly originated from soil parent materials. On the other hand, the relatively high level of Cd, Pb and Zn in the topsoil were observed in areas with high density of population, and human activities greatly affected their distribution. In addition, the distribution of Hg in topsoil was mainly affected by the atmospheric deposition. In the subsoil, the element of Hg showed high level in the residential area, and the left elements were almost not affected by human activities.

Key words: soil heavy metals, geochemistry, distribution characteristic, source identification, Yanqing District

CLC Number:

P595
X142

HUANG Yong, DUAN Xuchuan, YUAN Guoli, LI Huan, ZHANG Qinrui. Geochemistry and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in the Top and Subsoil of Yanqing District in Beijing[J]. Geoscience, 2022, 36(02): 634-644.

Figures/Tables 11

References 42

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土壤综合污染等级	地累积指数	污染程度
0	I_geo≤0	无污染
1	0<I_geo≤1	轻微污染
2	1<I_geo≤2	中污染
3	2<I_geo≤3	中强污染
4	3<I_geo≤4	强污染
5	4<I_geo≤5	较强污染
6	I_geo>5	极强污染

土壤综合污染等级	地累积指数	污染程度
0	I_geo≤0	无污染
1	0<I_geo≤1	轻微污染
2	1<I_geo≤2	中污染
3	2<I_geo≤3	中强污染
4	3<I_geo≤4	强污染
5	4<I_geo≤5	较强污染
6	I_geo>5	极强污染

参数	深度	样本/件	V	Cr	Ni	As	Cd	Zn	Pb	Hg
平均值	表层	2 354	72.5	52.8	24.6	9.62	0.15	68.8	23.3	0.045
平均值	深层	44	80.0	59.1	27.7	10.2	0.12	65.6	22.6	0.017
中值	表层	2 354	73.4	53.9	25.1	9.74	0.15	67.8	23.10	0.032
中值	深层	44	80.3	58.9	27.6	10.1	0.12	66.5	22.6	0.016
最小值	表层	2 354	40.7	27.4	10.3	3.36	0.056	32.4	12.0	0.008
最小值	深层	44	65.3	47.8	21.4	6.50	0.090	51.2	19.4	0.010
最大值	表层	2 354	104.0	77.8	39.5	15.2	0.74	268.7	48.2	0.49
最大值	深层	44	97.5	72.3	34.6	15.6	0.15	76.7	26.4	0.044
标准偏差	表层	2 354	11.4	8.99	5.38	2.09	0.053	15.9	2.92	0.047
标准偏差	深层	44	7.02	6.19	3.45	1.95	0.015	4.94	1.69	0.005
变异系数	表层	2 354	0.16	0.17	0.22	0.22	0.36	0.230	0.13	1.04
变异系数	深层	44	0.088	0.10	0.12	0.19	0.12	0.075	0.075	0.33
富集系数	表层/ 深层	—	0.91	0.89	0.89	0.94	1.25	1.05	1.03	2.65
背景值^*	表层	—	71	58	25	8.5	0.143	70	24	0.057
背景值^*	深层	—	73	58	26	8.5	0.097	62	20	0.016

参数	深度	样本/件	V	Cr	Ni	As	Cd	Zn	Pb	Hg
平均值	表层	2 354	72.5	52.8	24.6	9.62	0.15	68.8	23.3	0.045
平均值	深层	44	80.0	59.1	27.7	10.2	0.12	65.6	22.6	0.017
中值	表层	2 354	73.4	53.9	25.1	9.74	0.15	67.8	23.10	0.032
中值	深层	44	80.3	58.9	27.6	10.1	0.12	66.5	22.6	0.016
最小值	表层	2 354	40.7	27.4	10.3	3.36	0.056	32.4	12.0	0.008
最小值	深层	44	65.3	47.8	21.4	6.50	0.090	51.2	19.4	0.010
最大值	表层	2 354	104.0	77.8	39.5	15.2	0.74	268.7	48.2	0.49
最大值	深层	44	97.5	72.3	34.6	15.6	0.15	76.7	26.4	0.044
标准偏差	表层	2 354	11.4	8.99	5.38	2.09	0.053	15.9	2.92	0.047
标准偏差	深层	44	7.02	6.19	3.45	1.95	0.015	4.94	1.69	0.005
变异系数	表层	2 354	0.16	0.17	0.22	0.22	0.36	0.230	0.13	1.04
变异系数	深层	44	0.088	0.10	0.12	0.19	0.12	0.075	0.075	0.33
富集系数	表层/ 深层	—	0.91	0.89	0.89	0.94	1.25	1.05	1.03	2.65
背景值^*	表层	—	71	58	25	8.5	0.143	70	24	0.057
背景值^*	深层	—	73	58	26	8.5	0.097	62	20	0.016

参数	深度	V	Cr	Ni	As	Cd	Zn	Pb	Hg
平均值	表层	-0.73	-0.81	-0.73	-0.30	-0.27	-0.35	-0.62	-1.34
平均值	深层	-0.39	-0.75	-0.37	-0.47	-0.74	-0.53	-0.51	-1.48
最小值	表层	-1.55	-1.73	-1.85	-1.78	-1.67	-1.41	-1.57	-3.47
最小值	深层	-0.68	-1.05	-0.73	-1.10	-1.12	-0.68	-0.73	-2.17
最大值	表层	-0.19	-0.23	0.09	0.40	2.05	1.64	0.44	2.47
最大值	深层	-0.10	-0.46	-0.04	0.16	-0.38	-0.30	-0.28	-0.03